Original ArticleEvaluation of serum IgE in peach-allergic patients with systemic reaction by using recombinant Pru p 7 (gibberellin-regulated protein)
Introduction
Peach (Prunus persica) allergy is one of the most common allergies in the Mediterranean region and has been reported in Japan.1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 The number of reports of peach allergy concerning component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) has recently increased.8, 9, 10 CRD may be useful for clinical-type classification.6, 11 Although Pru p 3 is known to be a popular plant allergen component, some cases of systemic reaction (SR) cannot be explained by Pru p 3.6, 12, 13 Pru p 3 is typically present in the outer part of the peach, and it sometimes does not cause symptoms when the peeled peach is eaten.14 Tuppo reported Pru p 7 as a new peach allergen in Europe.15 In Japan, many peach-allergic patients with SRs have shown sensitivity to Pru p 7, although few patients have shown sensitivity to Pru p 3.6, 16 Therefore, the contribution of Pru p 7 to peach allergy should be revealed promptly and globally. However, it is very difficult to obtain Pru p 7 free from Pru p 3 because of their similar protein chemical properties.15, 17 Therefore, the development of recombinant Pru p 7 (rPru p 7) is an urgent issue for the advancement of Pru p 7 research and diagnosis.7, 18, 19 For the expression of recombinant proteins, P. pastoris is widely used.20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 Pokaj found that P. pastoris is superior to Escherichia coli as an expression system for the production of large quantities of soluble, properly folded, and biologically active rCor a 8 [hazelnut lipid transfer protein (LTP)].26
In this study, we comparatively examined serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels in peach-allergic patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using natural Pru p 7 (nPru p 7) and rPru p 7 (E. coli product: erPru p 7 and P. pastoris product: prPru p 7) purified using monoclonal antibody (mAb) columns.
Section snippets
Study participants
A total of 84 participants with fruit allergies (including allergies except peaches) were enrolled in the Fruits Allergy Component Study Group (http://www.fruit-allergy.jp/) from June 2014 to December 2015. After enrolment, we applied to the ethical review boards of each facility and examined only those who were approved after obtaining written informed consent. Exclusion criteria included participants who had no symptoms when they ate peach or those whose symptoms were unclear or not
Participants
We examined 27 participants who met the criteria (9 men and 18 women; age range, 7–54 years; median age, 13 years). The participants were classified into the SR (n = 17, 6 men and 11 women; age range, 7–21 years; median age, 12.5 years) and OR groups (n = 10, 3 men and 7 women; age range, 9–54 years; median age, 13 years) (Table 1).
All the participants were positive for the skin-prick test against peach. The level of the specific IgE to Bet v 1 in the OR group was significantly higher than that in
Discussion
Pru p 7 is an allergen found in peach and has recently been reported as a marker related to SRs to this fruit.6, 15 To use Pru p 7 as the target of CRD, its qualitatively, quantitatively, and economically stable supply is necessary. Therefore, we assessed rPru p 7 for potential use in the worldwide standardization of the diagnosis for peach allergy.
Pru p 7 is a 7-kDa cysteine-rich protein with 12 cysteines of 63 amino acids, which corresponds to 19% of the total residues.15 The rigid structure
Trial registration
Not applicable.
Funding source
None.
Conflict of interest
None.
Acknowledgements
We are grateful to the doctors of the Fruits Allergy Component Study Group for patient recruitment, Teshigawara from the Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University, for her technical support in the experiments, and Siemens for performing the measurement of IMMULITE® 2000 3gAllergy™ for allergen components.
References (32)
- et al.
Comparison of results of skin prick tests (with fresh foods and commercial food extracts) and RAST in 100 patients with oral allergy syndrome
J Allergy Clin Immunol
(1989) - et al.
Allergy to Rosaceae fruits without related pollinosis
J Allergy Clin Immunol
(1997) - et al.
Clinically relevant peach allergy is related to peach lipid transfer protein, Pru p 3, in the Spanish population
J Allergy Clin Immunol
(2003) - et al.
The major allergen of peach (Prunus persica) is a lipid transfer protein
J Allergy Clin Immunol
(1999) - et al.
Recombinant allergens for diagnosis and therapy of allergic disease
J Allergy Clin Immunol
(2000) - et al.
Correlation of anti-pru p 3 IgE levels with severity of peach allergy reactions in children
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol
(2012) - et al.
High-level secretion of a wheat lipid transfer protein in Pichia pastoris
Protein Expr Purif
(1998) - et al.
Pichia pastoris is superior to E. coli for the production of recombinant allergenic non-specific lipid-transfer proteins
Protein Expr Purif
(2010) - et al.
Recombinant Pru p 3 and natural Pru p 3, a major peach allergen, show equivalent immunologic reactivity: a new tool for the diagnosis of fruit allergy
J Allergy Clin Immunol
(2003) - et al.
The oral allergy syndrome
Ann Allergy
(1988)
Peach allergy pattern: experience in 70 patients
Allergy
New allergens in fruits and vegetables
Allergy
Identification of peamaclein as a marker allergen related to systemic reactions in peach allergy
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol
Sensitization profiles in birch pollen-allergic patients with and without oral allergy syndrome to apple: lessons from multiplexed component-resolved allergy diagnosis
Clin Exp Allergy
Systemic reactions to peach are associated with high levels of specific IgE to Pru p 3
Allergy
Lipid transfer protein syndrome: clinical pattern, cofactor effect and profile of molecular sensitization to plant-foods and pollens
Clin Exp Allergy
Cited by (10)
IgE-specific Pru p 4 negatively predicts systemic allergy reaction to peach among Japanese children
2019, Allergology InternationalFood-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis due to pickled Japanese apricot
2019, Allergology InternationalSensitisation to peach allergen Pru p 7 is associated with severe clinical symptoms in a Spanish population
2023, Pediatric Allergy and ImmunologyGeneralized allergic reaction in response to exercise due to strawberry gibberellin-regulated protein: a case report
2022, Allergy, Asthma and Clinical ImmunologyA case of oral immunotherapy for peach allergy sensitized to Pru p 7
2022, Pediatrics InternationalA case of food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis due to grape gibberellin-regulated protein
2022, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- 1
FO contributed equally with YM to this work.