| Budget Amount *help |
¥143,390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥110,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥33,090,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥29,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥22,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥6,750,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥34,060,000 (Direct Cost: ¥26,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥7,860,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥29,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥22,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥6,750,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥24,310,000 (Direct Cost: ¥18,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,610,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥26,520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥20,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥6,120,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Neural stem cells (NSCs) sequentially produce deep-layer neurons, superficial-layer neurons, and astrocytes by changing their differentiation competency. The exact mechanism of how the timing of these transitions is controlled remained to be analyzed. Here we found that Hes1 and Hes5 expression oscillates with a 2-3-hour periodicity in NSCs and that overexpression or inactivation of these genes accelerates or delays the transitions of NSC competency, respectively. Furthermore, dampened oscillations lead to microcephaly. We also found that stable oscillatory expression in NSCs and the segmentation clock depends on Notch signaling. These results suggest that the Notch-Hes1/Hes5 oscillators act as clock genes that regulate neural development.
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