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Structural analysis of megadalton complexes in the dynamic genome

Planned Research

Project AreaAutonomous biological systems of megadalton complexity
Project/Area Number 21H05154
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Transformative Research Areas, Section (III)
Research InstitutionTokyo Institute of Technology

Principal Investigator

Nozawa Kayo  東京工業大学, 生命理工学院, 准教授 (10808554)

Project Period (FY) 2021-08-23 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥33,150,000 (Direct Cost: ¥25,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥7,650,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥11,050,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,550,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥11,050,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,550,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥11,050,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,550,000)
Keywordsクライオ電子顕微鏡解析 / クロマチン構造 / RNAポリメラーゼII / 遺伝子発現制御 / メガダルトン複合体
Outline of Research at the Start

エンハンサーDNAからの遺伝子活性化シグナルは、数キロから 1 Mbpもの長鎖DNAを経てプロモーターDNAへと伝わり、この情報伝達は2つのDNA領域が物理的に近接してDNAループ構造を作ることによって行われている。本研究では、DNAループを試験管内で再構成し、その転写活性化機能を評価するとともに、クライオ電子顕微鏡解析を行う。一方、細胞核には、ラミン・タンパク質が網目構造を形成し、DNAやヒストンと直接相互作用することで、核膜にゲノムを連結している。本研究では、研究計画B01が作成した人工膜内に、DNAループ複合体とラミンを包埋することで、膜局在化したゲノム構造を再現したいと考えている。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we tried to elucidate the molecular mechanism of how cohesin is involved in transcriptional regulation using an in vitro system. We reconstituted a transcription complex containing RNA polymerase II and cohesin on a nucleosome template that mimics the chromatin structure. We also used cryo-electron microscopy to understand the complex formation of cohesin and nucleosome. In addition, we reported that a nucleosome-like structure (H3-H4 octasome) can be formed with just two types of histones, H3 and H4 (Nozawa et al., 2022). In the collaborative project, we tried to artificially reconstruct the DNA-loop structure anchored to the nuclear membrane by incorporating recombinant proteins and DNA in liposomes. Since there was no established method that enabled cryo-EM observation of soluble proteins or nucleic acids inside liposomes, we optimized a protein encapsulation method in liposomes for cryo-EM analysis.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

近年、DNAループの異常が各種のガンに関係していることが報告され、中でもガン原遺伝子の上流で多数のDNAループがクラスターを作るスーパーエンハンサー構造の解明が待たれているが、本研究はその解明にも大きく貢献すると考えられる。加えて、融合研究で構築する人工細胞可視化システムでは、細胞内容物のバックグラウンドが全くない状態で、核膜に裏打ちされたゲノム構造を解明することができる。これまで核膜の構造がDNAループの転写活性化機構に与える影響は全く明らかになっていないため、本研究を通じて早老症などの遺伝子疾患に関しても新たな知見が得られる可能性がある。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (11 results)

All 2023 2022 Other

All Journal Article (2 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 2 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (8 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Invited: 4 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Cryo-electron microscopy structure of the H3-H4 octasome: A nucleosome-like particle without histones H2A and H2B2022

    • Author(s)
      Nozawa Kayo、Takizawa Yoshimasa、Pierrakeas Leonidas、Sogawa-Fujiwara Chizuru、Saikusa Kazumi、Akashi Satoko、Luk Ed、Kurumizaka Hitoshi
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

      Volume: 119 Issue: 45

    • DOI

      10.1073/pnas.2206542119

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Structural basis for p53 binding to its nucleosomal target DNA sequence2022

    • Author(s)
      Nishimura Masahiro、Takizawa Yoshimasa、Nozawa Kayo、Kurumizaka Hitoshi
    • Journal Title

      PNAS Nexus

      Volume: 1 Issue: 4

    • DOI

      10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac177

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] 遺伝子発現を制御する超分子複合体の構造機能解析2023

    • Author(s)
      野澤佳世
    • Organizer
      RNAフロンティアミーティング2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Structural and functional analysis of reconstituted chromatin encapsulated in artificial cells2023

    • Author(s)
      Gen Kumakura, Yutetsu Kuruma, Kayo Nozawa
    • Organizer
      "Structure, Function and Dynamics" international conference
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Functional and structural analysis of nucleosome transcription by RNAPII with cohesin/Scc2 loading complex2023

    • Author(s)
      Ryunosuke Odaka, Yasuto Murayama, Kayo Nozawa
    • Organizer
      "Structure, Function and Dynamics" international conference
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Cryo-electron microscopic analysis reveal a nucleosome-like particle without histones H2A and H2B, H3-H4 octasome2023

    • Author(s)
      Kayo Nozawa
    • Organizer
      International Symposium on Chromatin Architecture: Structure and Function
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Structural and biochemical analysis of a novel structural unit of chromatin2022

    • Author(s)
      Kayo Nozawa
    • Organizer
      Panelist for 20th Surugaidai International Symposium & Joint Usage/Research Program of Medical Research Institute Symposium
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] クライオ電子顕微鏡解析から明らかになった新しいサブヌクレオソーム・H3-H4オクタソームの構造機能解析2022

    • Author(s)
      野澤佳世
    • Organizer
      第45回日本分子生物学会年会 日本生物物理学会 共催
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 遺伝子発現を制御するゲノム構造の試験管内再構成技術電子顕微鏡解析2022

    • Author(s)
      野澤 佳世、胡桃坂 仁志
    • Organizer
      「細胞を創る」研究会 15.0
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] ゲノム三次構造が遺伝子発現に与える影響2022

    • Author(s)
      野澤 佳世、胡桃坂 仁志
    • Organizer
      第22回日本蛋白質科学会年会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 世界初・ゲノムDNAを巻き取る新しい基本単位H3-H4オクタソームを発見

    • URL

      https://www.titech.ac.jp/news/2022/065033

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2021-10-22   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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