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Mechanism and application of Hero proteins

Planned Research

Project AreaBiology of Non-domain Biopolymer
Project/Area Number 21H05278
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Transformative Research Areas, Section (III)
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

泊 幸秀  東京大学, 定量生命科学研究所, 教授 (90447368)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 森本 悟  慶應義塾大学, 殿町先端研究教育連携スクエア, 特任准教授 (00816952)
築地 仁美  武蔵野大学, 薬学部, 教授 (40455358)
岡野 栄之  慶應義塾大学, 医学部(信濃町), 教授 (60160694)
Project Period (FY) 2021-09-10 – 2026-03-31
Project Status Granted (Fiscal Year 2025)
Budget Amount *help
¥146,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥112,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥33,720,000)
Fiscal Year 2025: ¥26,780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥20,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥6,180,000)
Fiscal Year 2024: ¥26,390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥20,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥6,090,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥26,520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥20,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥6,120,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥26,520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥20,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥6,120,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥39,910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥30,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥9,210,000)
KeywordsHeroタンパク質 / 天然変性タンパク質 / 神経変性疾患 / 非ドメイン型バイオポリマー / ALS
Outline of Research at the Start

ほぼ全長に渡って構造をとらないと予測されるHeroタンパク質は、筋萎縮性側索硬化症 (ALS) の原因となるTDP-43などの「クライアント」タンパク質を様々なストレスから保護し、その変性や凝集体形成を強く阻害する活性を持つことが示されているが、その動作機構には大きな謎が残されている。そこで本計画研究では、Heroタンパク質によるクライアント保護機構の基本原理を解明すると共に、ヒト疾患iPS細胞ライブラリーを活用し、ヒト病態類似環境におけるHeroタンパク質の凝集体抑制効果を検証することで、新規の神経変性疾患治療法開発を目指す。

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

野生型TDP-43および家族性ALS患者に見られる病原性点変異を持つTDP-43変異体の一分子FRET観察については、Hero11と古典的な分子シャペロンであるHsp40が、TDP-43を伸びた構造に同様に変化させることを示し、論文として報告した。また、CRISPRライブラリを用いたスクリーニングによって見出された新規超天然変性タンパク質の機能解析を進め、適切なスプライシングに関与していることを突き止めた。Heroタンパク質の神経変性疾患への適用に向けて、神経細胞におけるHeroタンパク質群の影響を精緻に評価できる疾患モデルを構築するため、Hero遺伝子のKD実験およびこれまでに構築したΔNLS-TARDBP-LMNモデルならびに細胞画像評価システムを用いて、筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)運動ニューロンにおける Heroタンパク質の影響を確認した。また、TARDBP変異の他、ALSの原因として重要なRNA結合タンパク質であるFUS変異iPS細胞(H517D, P525L変異)および変異マウスも作製し、運動ニューロンやマウスモデルでの病態検証も完了した。さらに、Heroタンパク質強制発現によるALSモデルマウスの病態改善効果について検証した。Hero11-HAをLocusCもしくはRosa26遺伝子座に導入したマウスと、Hero9-HAをRosa26遺伝子座に導入したマウスを、疾患変異Q331Kを持つTDP-43を発現させたALSモデルマウス(Q331Kマウス)と掛け合わせることにより、Q331KマウスにHeroが強制的に発現されるマウスを作成した。これらマウスの運動機能をロタロッドで評価した。その結果、Hero9-HA発現によりQ331Kマウスの運動機能の改善傾向が認められた。

Current Status of Research Progress
Current Status of Research Progress

2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.

Reason

一分子FRET法を用いたTDP-43の構造変化解析において、Hero11およびHsp40による構造制御メカニズムを明らかにし、論文化に至ったことは重要な成果である。また、CRISPRライブラリを用いたスクリーニングにより、新規超天然変性タンパク質を同定し、そのスプライシングにおける機能を明らかにすることにも成功した。さらに、Heroタンパク質の神経細胞機能に対する影響を評価するための疾患モデルの構築においても、ΔNLS-TARDBP-LMNモデルおよびFUS変異モデルを用いた解析を完了している。また、Heroタンパク質を強制発現させたALSモデルマウスを作製し、運動機能評価まで実施できており、その改善傾向も確認された。これらの成果は、当初想定していた計画が着実に進行していることを示しており、研究計画はおおむね順調に進んでいると判断できる。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

CRISPRライブラリを用いたスクリーニングによって見出された新規超天然変性タンパク質については、スプライシングとの関係に着目し、さらに解析を進める。また、Heroタンパク質のロバスト性の高い抗神経変性作用を明らかにするために、FUS変異ならびに複数のALS関連ヒト運動ニューロンを用いて、Heroタンパク質の効果を検証し、さらにそのヒトにおけるメカニズム(MOA)について、分子生物学的な検討を深める。また、ALSの治療剤としてのHeroタンパク質についても、ヒトを含めた個体への導入方法を検討する。さらに、Hero9-HAをアデノ随伴ウイルスを用いた静脈内投与によりマウス神経細胞に発現させ、ALSモデルマウスの運動機能改善があるかを検証する。またTDP-43凝集体の形成が抑制できるかを検証する。ALSモデルマウスとしては、細胞質に核移行シグナルを欠いたTDP-43を神経細胞に薬剤依存的に発現させることのできるマウスを用いる。このマウスではTDP-43が神経細胞の細胞質で凝集し毒性を示すことがわかっており、Heroの凝集体形成阻害効果をより直接的に検証できる。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2024 Annual Research Report
  • 2023 Annual Research Report
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (40 results)

All 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (25 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Peer Reviewed: 25 results,  Open Access: 19 results) Presentation (14 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 9 results,  Invited: 10 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] 上海科技大学(中国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Swift induction of human spinal lower motor neurons and robust ALS cell screening via single-cell imaging2025

    • Author(s)
      Setsu Selena、Morimoto Satoru、Nakamura Shiho、Ozawa Fumiko、Utami Kagistia Hana、Nishiyama Ayumi、Suzuki Naoki、Aoki Masashi、Takeshita Yukio、Tomari Yukihide、Okano Hideyuki
    • Journal Title

      Stem Cell Reports

      Volume: 20 Issue: 1 Pages: 102377-102377

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.11.007

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Transposon?host arms race: a saga of genome evolution2025

    • Author(s)
      Iwasaki Yuka W.、Shoji Keisuke、Nakagwa Shinichi、Miyoshi Tomoichiro、Tomari Yukihide
    • Journal Title

      Trends in Genetics

      Volume: 41 Issue: 5 Pages: 369-389

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.tig.2025.01.009

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] No structure, no problem: Protein stabilization by Hero proteins and other chaperone-like IDPs2025

    • Author(s)
      Lam Andy Y.W.、Tomari Yukihide、Tsuboyama Kotaro
    • Journal Title

      Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects

      Volume: 1869 Issue: 6 Pages: 130786-130786

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.bbagen.2025.130786

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Autonomous shaping of the piRNA sequence repertoire by competition between adjacent ping-pong amplification sites2025

    • Author(s)
      Yu Jie、Kawasaki Fumiko、Izumi Natsuko、Kiuchi Takashi、Katsuma Susumu、Tomari Yukihide、Shoji Keisuke
    • Journal Title

      Molecular Cell

      Volume: 85 Issue: 6 Pages: 1134-1146.e4

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.molcel.2025.02.015

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] The dual role of Spn-E in supporting heterotypic ping-pong piRNA amplification in silkworms2024

    • Author(s)
      Izumi Natsuko、Shoji Keisuke、Negishi Lumi、Tomari Yukihide
    • Journal Title

      EMBO Reports

      Volume: 25 Issue: 5 Pages: 2239-2257

    • DOI

      10.1038/s44319-024-00137-2

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] DNAJA2 and Hero11 mediate similar conformational extension and aggregation suppression of TDP-432024

    • Author(s)
      Lam Andy Y.W.、Tsuboyama Kotaro、Tadakuma Hisashi、Tomari Yukihide
    • Journal Title

      RNA

      Volume: 30 Issue: 11 Pages: 1422-1436

    • DOI

      10.1261/rna.080165.124

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] miRNA-mediated gene silencing in Drosophila larval development involves GW182-dependent and independent mechanisms2024

    • Author(s)
      Matsuura-Suzuki Eriko、Kiyokawa Kaori、Iwasaki Shintaro、Tomari Yukihide
    • Journal Title

      The EMBO Journal

      Volume: 43 Issue: 23 Pages: 6161-6179

    • DOI

      10.1038/s44318-024-00249-4

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] dCas13-mediated translational repression for accurate gene silencing in mammalian cells2024

    • Author(s)
      Apostolopoulos Antonios、Kawamoto Naohiro、Chow Siu Yu A.、Tsuiji Hitomi、Ikeuchi Yoshiho、Shichino Yuichi、Iwasaki Shintaro
    • Journal Title

      Nature Communications

      Volume: 15 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-18

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41467-024-46412-7

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Non-gonadal somatic piRNA pathways ensure sexual differentiation, larval growth, and wing development in silkworms2023

    • Author(s)
      Kiuchi Takashi、Shoji Keisuke、Izumi Natsuko、Tomari Yukihide、Katsuma Susumu
    • Journal Title

      PLOS Genetics

      Volume: 19 Issue: 9 Pages: e1010912-e1010912

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pgen.1010912

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Nondomain biopolymers: Flexible molecular strategies to acquire biological functions2023

    • Author(s)
      Arakawa K, Hirose T, Inada T, Ito T, Kai T, Oyama M, Tomari Y, Yoda T, Nakagawa S.
    • Journal Title

      Genes to Cells

      Volume: 28 Issue: 8 Pages: 539-552

    • DOI

      10.1111/gtc.13050

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Phase 1/2a clinical trial in ALS with ropinirole, a drug candidate identified by iPSC drug discovery2023

    • Author(s)
      Morimoto Satoru、Takahashi Shinichi、Ito Daisuke et al.
    • Journal Title

      Cell Stem Cell

      Volume: 30 Issue: 6 Pages: 766-780.e9

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.stem.2023.04.017

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] LONRF2 is a protein quality control ubiquitin ligase whose deficiency causes late-onset neurological deficits2023

    • Author(s)
      Li Dan、Johmura Yoshikazu、Morimoto Satoru et al.
    • Journal Title

      Nature Aging

      Volume: 3 Issue: 8 Pages: 1001-1019

    • DOI

      10.1038/s43587-023-00464-4

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Protein profiling of extracellular vesicles from iPSC-derived astrocytes of patients with ALS/PDC in Kii peninsula2023

    • Author(s)
      Kobayashi Hiroya、Ueda Koji、Morimoto Satoru、Ishikawa Mitsuru、Leventoux Nicolas、Sasaki Ryogen、Hirokawa Yoshifumi、Kokubo Yasumasa、Okano Hideyuki
    • Journal Title

      Neurological Sciences

      Volume: 44 Issue: 12 Pages: 4511-4516

    • DOI

      10.1007/s10072-023-07000-7

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Induced pluripotent stem cells‐based disease modeling, drug screening, clinical trials, and reverse translational research for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis2023

    • Author(s)
      Okano Hideyuki、Morimoto Satoru、Kato Chris、Nakahara Jin、Takahashi Shinichi
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Neurochemistry

      Volume: 167 Issue: 5 Pages: 603-614

    • DOI

      10.1111/jnc.16005

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] The piRNA cluster torimochi is an expanding transposon in cultured silkworm cells2023

    • Author(s)
      Shoji Keisuke、Umemura Yusuke、Katsuma Susumu、Tomari Yukihide
    • Journal Title

      PLOS Genetics

      Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Pages: e1010632-e1010632

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pgen.1010632

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Functional specialization of monocot DCL3 and DCL5 proteins through the evolution of the PAZ domain2022

    • Author(s)
      Chen Shirui、Liu Wei、Naganuma Masahiro、Tomari Yukihide、Iwakawa Hiro-oki
    • Journal Title

      Nucleic Acids Research

      Volume: 50 Issue: 8 Pages: 4669-4684

    • DOI

      10.1093/nar/gkac223

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Fusion with heat-resistant obscure (Hero) proteins have the potential to improve the molecular property of recombinant proteins2022

    • Author(s)
      Morimoto Eri、Tsuboyama Kotaro、Tomari Yukihide
    • Journal Title

      PLOS ONE

      Volume: 17 Issue: 6 Pages: e0270097-e0270097

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pone.0270097

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Structure of the Dicer-2-R2D2 heterodimer bound to a small RNA duplex2022

    • Author(s)
      Yamaguchi Sonomi、Naganuma Masahiro、Nishizawa Tomohiro、Kusakizako Tsukasa、Tomari Yukihide、Nishimasu Hiroshi、Nureki Osamu
    • Journal Title

      Nature

      Volume: 607 Issue: 7918 Pages: 393-398

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41586-022-04790-2

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] GTSF1 accelerates target RNA cleavage by PIWI-clade Argonaute proteins2022

    • Author(s)
      Arif Amena、Bailey Shannon、Izumi Natsuko、Anzelon Todd A.、Ozata Deniz M.、Andersson Cecilia、Gainetdinov Ildar、MacRae Ian J.、Tomari Yukihide、Zamore Phillip D.
    • Journal Title

      Nature

      Volume: 608 Issue: 7923 Pages: 618-625

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41586-022-05009-0

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Revisiting the Glass Treatment for Single-Molecule Analysis of ncRNA Function2022

    • Author(s)
      Shen Shuting、Naganuma Masahiro、Tomari Yukihide、Tadakuma Hisashi
    • Journal Title

      Methods Mol Biol

      Volume: 2022;2509 Pages: 209-231

    • DOI

      10.1007/978-1-0716-2380-0_13

    • ISBN
      9781071623794, 9781071623800
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The two Gtsf paralogs in silkworms orthogonally activate their partner PIWI proteins for target cleavage2022

    • Author(s)
      Izumi Natsuko、Shoji Keisuke、Kiuchi Takashi、Katsuma Susumu、Tomari Yukihide
    • Journal Title

      RNA

      Volume: 29 Issue: 1 Pages: 18-29

    • DOI

      10.1261/rna.079380.122

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] The mechanisms of siRNA selection by plant Argonaute proteins triggering DNA methylation2022

    • Author(s)
      Liu Wei、Shoji Keisuke、Naganuma Masahiro、Tomari Yukihide、Iwakawa Hiro-oki
    • Journal Title

      Nucleic Acids Research

      Volume: 50 Issue: 22 Pages: 12997-13010

    • DOI

      10.1093/nar/gkac1135

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Single transcription factor leads pluripotent stem cells to functional microglia2022

    • Author(s)
      Sonn Iki, Ozaki Fumiko, Yoshimatsu Sho, Morimoto Satoru, Watanabe Hirotaka, Okano Hideyuki
    • Journal Title

      Inflammation and Regeneration

      Volume: (in press) Issue: 1 Pages: 1-1

    • DOI

      10.1186/s41232-022-00201-1

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Life of RISC: Formation, action, and degradation of RNA-induced silencing complex2022

    • Author(s)
      Iwakawa Hiro-oki、Tomari Yukihide
    • Journal Title

      Molecular Cell

      Volume: 82 Issue: 1 Pages: 30-43

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.molcel.2021.11.026

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] iPSC-based disease modeling and drug discovery in cardinal neurodegenerative disorders2022

    • Author(s)
      Okano Hideyuki、Morimoto Satoru
    • Journal Title

      Cell Stem Cell

      Volume: 29 Issue: 2 Pages: 189-208

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.stem.2022.01.007

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Autonomous Shaping of the piRNA Sequence Repertoire by Compe on between Adjacent Ping-Pong Sites.2024

    • Author(s)
      泊 幸秀
    • Organizer
      piRNAs and PIWI proteins
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] The Role of GW182 in microRNA-Mediated Gene Silencing During Drosophila Larval Development2024

    • Author(s)
      泊 幸秀
    • Organizer
      The second Aigonaute meeting
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Autonomous shaping of the piRNA sequence repertoire by competition between adjacent ping-pong sites2024

    • Author(s)
      泊 幸秀
    • Organizer
      Cold Spring Harbor Asia Conference on RNA Biology
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Autonomous Shaping of the piRNA Sequence Repertoire by competition between Adjacent Ping-Pong Sites2024

    • Author(s)
      泊 幸秀
    • Organizer
      Fudan International Symposium of RNA Biology
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] A chaperone and a heat-resistant obscure (Hero) protein mediates conformational extension and aggregation suppression of TDP-432023

    • Author(s)
      泊 幸秀
    • Organizer
      The 2023 workshop on RNA-meditated silencing in Barbados
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Stability of PIWI proteins during the ping-pong piRNA biogenesis pathway2023

    • Author(s)
      泊 幸秀
    • Organizer
      EMBO Workshop - RNA meets protein decay
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Changeability of piRNA production patterns negatively correlates with the efficiency of their biogenesis2023

    • Author(s)
      泊 幸秀
    • Organizer
      2023 Taiwan-Japan Bilateral Meeting on RNA and Biojunctions
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Competition Between Adjacent piRNA-producing Sites Autonomously Shapes the Repertoire and Biogenesis Efficiency of piRNAs2023

    • Author(s)
      泊 幸秀
    • Organizer
      Keystone Symposia, Reguratory RNAs:Emerging Mechanisms
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Small RNAs2022

    • Author(s)
      泊 幸秀
    • Organizer
      RNA2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] A canonical chaperone and a heat-resistant obscure (Hero) protein mediate similar aggregation suppression and conformational extension of TDP-432022

    • Author(s)
      泊 幸秀
    • Organizer
      The 2023 workshop on RNA-meditated silencing in Barbados
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Heroタンパク質はヒーローのように働くか?2022

    • Author(s)
      泊 幸秀
    • Organizer
      バイオテクノロジー懇談会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] iPSCs-based modelling, drug development and clinical trials for ALS2021

    • Author(s)
      岡野 栄之
    • Organizer
      PACTALS 2021 NAGOYA
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] IPSCS-BASED MODELING, DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND CLINICAL TRIALS FOR ALS2021

    • Author(s)
      岡野 栄之
    • Organizer
      ISSCR/JSRM International Symposium
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] iPSCs-based Cell Therapy and Disease modeling, drug development and clinical trial2021

    • Author(s)
      岡野 栄之
    • Organizer
      2021 Global Hybrid Conference
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited

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Published: 2021-10-22   Modified: 2025-12-26  

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