| Budget Amount *help |
¥51,740,000 (Direct Cost: ¥39,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥11,940,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥9,620,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,220,000)
Fiscal Year 2013: ¥10,140,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,340,000)
Fiscal Year 2012: ¥10,660,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,460,000)
Fiscal Year 2011: ¥10,530,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,430,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥10,790,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,490,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Human major histocompatibility complex (human MHC, HLA) genes play an important role in the acquired immune system so as to recognize infection by bacteria and viruses and to activate the immune system in order to protect a body against the infection. Because HLA needs to recognize unpredictable pathogens, HLA genes are the most polymorphic loci among the human genome. We have examined mechanisms for the generation and the maintenance of HLA polymorphisms, and results were as follows: 1) Estimates of the strength of natural selection operating on the six HLA loci is at the most 3% 2) Amino acid substitution rate at the peptide binding region (PBR) among HLA-DRB1 allelic lineages is not uniform, 3) Human-specific DRB1 allelic lineages, which diverged 28 myr ago, resulted from the loss of the allelic lineages in other primates. Furthermore, the relationship between genetic distances between HLA-DRB1 alleles and the extent of repertories of its binding peptides were elucidated .
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