| Project/Area Number |
01510088
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Psychology
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| Research Institution | Toyo Womens College |
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Principal Investigator |
MIZUNO Setsuko Toyo Womens College, Professor, 教授 (50141247)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
TANIMOTO Shin Toyo Womens College, Lecturer, 講師 (20207195)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1989 – 1990
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1990)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥1,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000)
Fiscal Year 1990: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000)
Fiscal Year 1989: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
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| Keywords | long-term memory / conceptual structure / category / theme / recall / recognition / priming effect / 言語記憶 / 検索 / 反応時間 / プライミング / カテゴリ名 / 典型例 / 言語情報 / 概念 / 想起 / カテゴリ概念 / 文意 |
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| Research Abstract |
Information in the long-term memory is systematically stored for retrieval. Category is one of structures which systematize verbal information. Three experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of various kinds of concepts on verbal memory. The recall and recognition of concrete nouns were examined from the view point of the relation between those nouns and their natural category in Experiment 1. Most of verbal information is presented as sentences where a certain meaning is represented. Meaning and theme are also kinds of concepts. Their effect on verbal memory was investigated in Experiment 2. The change of RT by priming was measured to investigate the effect of categorical structure on retrieval in Experiment 3.
The results indicated are as follows :
1) Effect of categorical concepts on retrieval of concrete nouns ;
Recall of nouns in the same category is better than that of nouns which were selected at random from different categories. Typicality of nouns in a category has a positive effect on recall.
2) Effect of theme on retrieval of sentences ;
A theme of sentences is effective on retrieval and it is difficult to recall nouns in sentences which have no main theme. Important words which are not recalled can be recognized and it suggested that they play an essential role in verbal memory.
3) Effect of priming on recognition of concrete nouns;
The category name and typical example in the category were displayed as the prime. These primes facilitate not the same response but the different response in recognition. The difference between these two primes were not significant.
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