| Project/Area Number |
02041095
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | Field Research |
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| Research Institution | National Institute of Genetics |
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Principal Investigator |
HORAI Satoshi National Institute of Genetics, 総合遺伝研究系, 助教授 (40126157)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
潘 以宏 台湾大学, 医学院・微生物学, 教授
SAITOU Naruya National Institute of Genetics, 集団遺伝研究系, 助教授 (30192587)
ISHIDA Takafumi The University of Tokyo, 理学部, 助手 (20184533)
PAN I-Hung National University of Taiwan
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| Project Period (FY) |
1991 – 1992
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1991)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1991: ¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1990: ¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
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| Keywords | Human Genetics / Population Genetics / Taiwan aborigines / Blood Groups / Mitochondrial DNA / HTLV-I / Miltenberger |
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| Research Abstract |
This study was conducted in 1990 and 1991. Taiwan aborigines are classified into nine tribes based on the cultural and linguistic differences. The objectives of the present study were threefold ; (1) to describe the genetic characteristics of each tribe by using various genetic markers, (2) to clarify the genetic relationship of these Taiwan aborigines by comparing them with other human populations, and (3) to preserve the precious samples thorough immortalized lymphocyte cell lines.
We obtained blood samples from five Southern Taiwan tribes and from Yami tribe, who lives in Orchid lsland from the field survey of 1990. We conducted the field survey in 1991 to collect blood samples from the remaining three populations (Tayal, Tsuo, and Sayshat). Sample size exceeded the minimum requirement (40 individuals) for all the populatiofis surveyed. The results of our preliminary analyses are as follows.
(1) A total of ten blood groups were examined. The blood group study was a collaboration with
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Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Center. The most significant finding was the high prevalence of Miltenberger-positive individuals ; 90% for Ami (highest in the world) and 50% for Yami. Genetic distance analysis was also conducted and a large difference among the nine Taiwan aboriginal tribes were observed. This suggests that these aboriginal populations have been genetically isolated until recently.
(2) Existence of antibody for HTLV-I was examined, and only one individual of Tayal tribe was positive. Selected blood samples were EB-transformed and now we have more than 100 immortalized lymphocyte cell lines.
(3) Asian-specific 9-base pair deletion was examined for mitochondrial DNA. The frequency of this type varied substantially ; the lowest was 3% for Tayal and the highest was 46% for Yami and Tsuo. The average frequency (28%) is the highest among the East Asian populations examined so far. D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA were sequenced for selected samples, and aphylogenetic tree was constructed. The tree suggests that Taiwan aborigines have a characteristic of Southern Mongoloid. Less
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