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A Basic Study of Legal Expert System--Artificial Intelligence Aproach to Legal Reasoning--

Research Project

Project/Area Number 02301071
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Fundamental law
Research InstitutionMeiji Gakuin University

Principal Investigator

YOSHINO Hajime  Meiji Gakuin University, Faculty of Law, Professor, 法学部, 教授 (50062162)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) OTA Shozo  Tokyo University, Faculty of Law, Professor, 法学部, 教授 (40152136)
NISHIWAKI Yosaku  Keio University, Faculty of Literature, Professor, 文学部, 教授 (30118989)
HARAGUCHI Makoto  Tokyo Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, assis, 理工学総合研究科, 助教授 (40128450)
MATSUMURA Yoshiyuki  Hokkaido University, Faculty of Law, Professor, 法学部, 教授 (80091502)
KAGAYAMA Shigeru  Osaka University, Faculty of Law, Professor, 法学部, 教授 (20169379)
宮本 健蔵  明治学院大学, 法学部, 教授 (70166198)
Project Period (FY) 1990 – 1992
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1992)
Budget Amount *help
¥15,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1992: ¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1991: ¥3,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1990: ¥10,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,000,000)
KeywordsLAW / STATUTE / LEGAL REASONING / LEGAL KNOWLEDGE / KNOWLEDGE BASE / INFERENCE ENGINE / EXPERT SYSTEM / ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE / 法規範文 / 法的知識ベ-ス / 法的探索的知識 / 法的メタ推論機構 / 法的推論機構 / 法律的概念辞書 / 法律エキスパ-トシステム / 知識ベ-ス / 国際統一売買法 / 民法 / 知識構造
Research Abstract

The object of this research is to clarify the logical structure of legal knowledge through the analysis of the language of positive law, and to develop a basis for a legal expert system which can carry out inferencing for legal justification according to its praxis. In order to clarify and demonstrate these principles and methods, this research aims at making an experimental prototype on an AI workstation which consists of a knowledge base, an inference engine and a user interface. We have almost completely accomplished this research objective.
(1) As far as the clarification of the structure of the legal knowledge is concerned, we have analyzed the articles of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (part) in terms of the legal requirements and legal effects and made clear logical connections among the legal rules.
(2)On the AI-workstation PSI-II, we have made a legal-knowledge base composed of compound predicate logical formulae of legal rules and meta-legal rules in the above areas.
(3) As fat as the inference engine is concerned, we have achieved the following : (a) we have developed an inference engine which performs inferencing to determine the applicable legal rules while treating those inferences dedctively ; (b) we have built a system to explain the inferencial processes performed ; (c) we have implemented an engineering model of adductive reasoning using legal thesaurus structures and have examined its efficacy and relevant problems. Further more we have clarified certain principles and methods of the electronic concept dictionary of low.
We can say that we have successfully examined the logical, legal-philosophical, legal-sociological, civil law, information-engineering and knowledge-engineering foundations of the field. The has convinced us that using this work as a basis we can undertake research toward the development of a full-scale legal expert system.

Report

(4 results)
  • 1992 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1991 Annual Research Report
  • 1990 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (37 results)

All Other

All Publications (37 results)

  • [Publications] 吉野一、原口誠、加賀山茂、松村良之: "法的類推のシステム化の基礎" 1991年度人工知能学会全国大会論文集. 219-222 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 吉野一、角田篤泰: "knowledge Representation of Legal Expert System LES-3 with Meta-inference" Legal knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems(Proc.6th International Symposium of LESA). 1-9 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 桜井成一朗、吉野一: "Abduction in Legal Reasoning" Legal knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems(Proc.6th International Symposium of LESA). 123-130 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hajime Yoshino,Makoto Haraguchi,Seiichiro Sakurai,Shigeru Kagayama: "Towards a Legal Analogical Reasoning System:Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Methods" Proc.ICAIL′93(The 4th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law). 110-116 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Seiichiro Sakurai Hajimem Yoshino: "Identification Implicit Legal Requirements with Legal Abstract Knowledge" Proc.ICAIL′93(The 4th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law). 298-305 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Makoto Haraguchi: "A Form of Analogy as an Abductive Inference" Proc,of ATL′91. 266-274 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 西脇与作: "タ-ミノロジーについて--哲学者の言えること-" タ-ミノロジー研究会編, (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hajime Yoshino, Makoto Haraguchi, Shigeru Kagayama, Yoshiyuki Matsumura: "Foundation of Systematization of Legal Analogy" Proc.5th Annual Conference of JSAI. 219-222 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hajime Yoshino, Yokuyasu Kakuta: "Knowledge Representation of Legal Expert System LES-3 with Meta-inference" Legal knowledge and Legal Reasoning systems. 1-9 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Seiichiro Sakurai, Hajime Yoshino: "Abduction in Legal Reasoning" Legal knowledge and Legal Reasoning systems. 123-130 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hajime Yoshino, Makoto Haraguchi, Seiichiro Sakurai, Shigeru Kagayama: "Towards a Legal Analogical Reasoning System : Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Methods" Proc.ICAIL'93(The 4th Intermational Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law). 110-116 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Seiichiro Sakurai, Hajime Yoshino: "Identification of Implicit Legal Requirements with Legal Abstract Knowledge" Proc.ICAIL'93(The 4th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law). 298-305 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Makoto Haraguchi: "A Form of Analogy as an Abductive Inference" Proc.of ALT'91. 288-298 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yosaku Nisiwaki: On the Terminology. Society for the Study of the Terminology, (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 吉野 一: "“Knowledge Representation of Legal Expert System LES-3 with Meta-inference"" Proc.Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 1-9 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 桜井,吉野: "“Abduction in Legal Reasoning"" Proc.Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 123-130 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yoshiaki Ookubo,Makoto Haaguchi: "¨Planning with abstraction based on partial predicate mappings¨" Proc.of Algorithmic Learning Theory '92. 183-196 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 原口 誠: "「多量一般化問題:インヘリタンスの意味論からの接近」" ソフトウェア科学会第9回大会論文集. 261-264 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 宮本 健蔵: "「雇用・労働契約への民法六五〇条三項の類推適用」" 明治学院論叢. 135-196 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 高橋 文彦: "「普遍化可能性テーゼの有効射程」" 法哲学年報1992年度. (1993)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 太田 勝造: "「裁判費用と弁護士費用について」" 名古屋大学法政論集:松浦先生退官記念号. (1993)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 西脇 与作: "「『かたち』の示唆するもの:『形』の因果連関」" 慶應義塾大学日吉紀要. 2-18 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 吉野 一: "「法的類推のシステム化の基礎」" 人工知能学会全国大会論文誌」. 219-222 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 吉野 一: "「法的類推推論のシステム化の基礎的研究(2)」" 『人間ー機械・システム協調のための高次コミュニケ-ションに関する基礎的研究』研究成果報告書. 182-183 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 加賀山 茂: "「消費者リ-スは、事業者リ-スに対しどういう特色をもつと考えるべきか」" 講座・現代契約と現代債権の展望(日本評論社). 6. 123-143 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 加賀山 茂: "「製造物責任と民法改正」" 阪大法学. 157.158号. 837-871 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 松村 良之: "「コンピュ-タと法ーー過去・現在・未来」" 環太平洋法律家会議編『環太平洋時代と法』成文堂. (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 原口 誠: ""A Form of Analogy as an Abductive Inference"" Proc.of ALT'91. 266-274 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 桜井 成一朗,原口 誠: ""Towards learning by abstraction"" Proc.of ALT'91. 288-298 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 太田 勝造: "「和解と裁判手続交渉と『和解兼弁論(弁論兼和解)』について」" 法社会学. 43号. 13-21 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 吉野 一: "『法的知識の構造解明と法律知識ベ-スの構築に関する調査研究報告書(2)』" 機械システム振興協会, (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 吉野 一: "『法律エキスパ-トシステムの推論機構の研究開発と実証に関する調査研究報告書(2)』" 機械システム振興協会, (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 吉野 一(ファ-スト・オ-サ): "法的メタ知識の構造解明と法的メタ推論システム" 人工知能学会全国大会論文集. (1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 吉野 一(ファ-スト・オ-サ): "法的類推のシステム化の基礎" 人工知能学会全国大会論文集. (1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 原口 誠: "On Inferring Incomplete Information by Analogy" Proc.of TFKIP,Inorga. 31-40 (1990)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 桜井 成一朗・原口 誠: "アブストラクションに基づく構成的帰納学習について" 人工知能学会全国大会論文集. 119-122 (1990)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 松村 良之: "コンピュ-タと法ー過去・現在・未来" 環太平洋時代と法(成文堂). (1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1990-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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