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Experimental study concerning escape behavior of big size group and intragroup conflict in a simulated panic situation

Research Project

Project/Area Number 02610060
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Psychology
Research InstitutionKyushu Institute of Technology

Principal Investigator

KUGIHARA Naoki  Kyushu Institute of Technology, Engineering, Associate Professor, 工学部, 助教授 (60153269)

Project Period (FY) 1990 – 1992
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1992)
Budget Amount *help
¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1992: ¥400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000)
Fiscal Year 1991: ¥600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000)
Fiscal Year 1990: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
KeywordsEscape behavior / Big size group / Maze escape / Panic / Emergence / Bottle neck situation / Disaster / Mathematical escape model / 混雑 / 脱出 / 集団 / 衝突
Research Abstract

Four kinds of experiment were done under this research title. First experiment was three-dimensional maze escape of big size group. About 40 participants escaped at once. As a result of the experiment, the large jam was occurred in the crisis condition in immediately after the departure, the turning point, and the corner compared with non-crisis condition. Moreover, crisis lengthened escape time and locomotive distance in the maze. The phenomenon that the number of escape success person increased and decreased intermittently was observed because the generations of congest and the collapses were repeated.
The second experiment tried to clarified several causes of the decrease of the escape success rate in the crisis. The causes that may be thinkable are a rise of group member's average activity level by de-individuation or by social facilitation and the existence of small number of self-regard person. To clarify the causes, a bottleneck situation was set. In this situation, width of outlet changes in proportion to group size. In spite of above experimental procedure, escape time was not constant. In other word, the time spent in the bottle neck situation was longer in big size group than in small group. This result suggests that the decrease of escape effectiveness of a large size group was not caused only by small number of self-regard person.
The aim of the third experiment is to compare the effects of fear on escape behavior of individual and group conditions in a maze. The results: Fear increased the time and locomotion required to reach the exit, because of the occurrence of a traffic jam in the group escape condition, however, fear reduced time in the individual escape condition.
The forth experiment attempted to investigate the route selection behavior on a T shaped divergent point in a maze, and to make a mathematical model that expresses stream of people's locomotion. The data derived from the model fairy correspond to the experimental data.

Report

(4 results)
  • 1992 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1991 Annual Research Report
  • 1990 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (10 results)

All Other

All Publications (10 results)

  • [Publications] Naoki Kugihara: "Collective Behavior in an Emergency:Escaping from a Human Maze." The Japanese Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 31. 246-255 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 釘原 直樹: "迷路からの集団脱出と単独脱出に及ぼす恐怖の効果" 心理学研究. 63. 23-29 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 釘原 直樹: "現代心理学の諸研究" 島津一夫先生喜寿記念出版会ブレーン出版, 335 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Naoki Kugihara: "The effects of fear on individual and group escape in a computer simulated maze" Japanese Journal of Psychology. 63. 23-29 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Naoki Kugihara: "Collective behavior in an emergency. Escaping from a human maze" Japanese Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 31. 246-255 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1992 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Naoki Kugihara: "Collective Behavior in an Emergency:Escaping from a Human Maze." The Japanese Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 31. 246-255 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 釘原 直樹: "迷路からの集団脱出と単独脱出に及ぼす恐怖の効果" 心理学研究. 63. 23-29 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Naoki Kugihara: "Collective Behavior in an Emergncy:Escaping from a Human Maze." The Japanese Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 31. (1992)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 釘原 直樹: "迷路からの集団脱出と単独脱出に及ぼす恐怖の効果" 心理学研究. 63. (1992)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 釘原 直樹: "迷路からの集団脱出と単独脱出に及ぼす恐怖の効果" 心理学研究.

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1990-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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