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Characteristics of Market Structure and Locational Shift in the U. S. Livestock Industry

Research Project

Project/Area Number 02660224
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Agro-economics
Research InstitutionHiroshima University

Principal Investigator

SAITO Osamu  Faculty of Applied Biological Science. Hiroshima Univ. Associate Professor, 生物生産学部, 助教授 (40144894)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) MIKUNI Hidemi  Hiroshima Univ. Faculty of Applied Biological Science Professor, 生物生産学部, 教授 (70001443)
Project Period (FY) 1990 – 1991
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1991)
Budget Amount *help
¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1991: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 1990: ¥1,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000)
KeywordsMarket Structure / Locational Shift / Livestock Industry / Industrial Organization / Innovation / Market Structure / Industrial Organization / Locational shift / Integration / livestock industry / Technical change / Marketing / scale economies
Research Abstract

Purporses of research project is to analyze characteristics of market structure and locational shift in the U. S. livestock industry.
In broiler industry as well as egg industry, the locational advantage existing nearby the Cornbelt expanded by the rising of long-distance transportation cost and the procurement of corn in the '80s. But the limiting factors that shift from the South to the Cornbelt was the transfer cost in response of the increment of capital requirements and the absence of production innovation such as in-line systems in the case of the egg industry. But the disadvantage with relation to location do not becme a prime problem because integrators are willing to establish the marketing strategy to develop value-added products and expand market power. It is difficult for integrators to operate a complete ownership integration because of the limits of capital investment in contract with the increment of capital requirements. As turkey processing, (slaugfiter) and further pro … More cessing plant could increased uniform volme and utilized full plant capacity, concentration ratios by leading firms increased until the eight largest firms slaughtered 60 percent over in 1988.
The hog production in corn-belt states used to be of smaller scales, and the management of the hog industry in these areas used to be combined with self-supplied feedstuff from farms. This advantage can be claimed to be attributable to the fact that the operations in the corn-belt states are based on diversified sources, whereas those in the Southeastern states are based on family-owned intensive style which is more dependent upon the self-supplied feedstuff. Contracting firm can not compensate in longrun producer's facilities Use under contract, because contract length is too short for producer to make a capital investment.
New type packers such as IBP, ConAgra and B(cel entered into beef packing industry without facing high barrier to entry and expanded market power. The factors that realized their market power arised from both spurring scale economy in Large slaughtering and processing plants and driving down wage rates. After old packers exited frm beef because of intense competition, they must specialized hog slaughtering and pork processing. on the other hand, new type packers entered into hog industrj in order to decrealse excess capacity of plants and decentralize malrket risk. After fourfirm concentration ratios for beef slaughtering have increased from Z5.2% in 1976 to 69.7% in 1988, new packer's concentration ratios for hog have increased from 21.41. in 1987 to 29.49, in 1990 in spite of constant concentration rate in fourfirm level. Issues about market structure change from viewpoint of industrial organization theory attributed price down in the fed-cattle market to structural measure, especially concentration. "Emprirical" research in U. S. that put much emphasis on the structure-conduct-performance paradigm underling the Harbard school thought contrast with the Chicago school thouth that efficiency stemed from cost saving by means of consolidation and scale economy do not necessitate the regulation of public policy. Because packer's market conduct contain captive supply such as packer feeding, contracting and exclusivc purchasing and the increment of production contract and forward contract will change pricing of fedcattle market as well as concentration in hog farming, the dispute of theoritical fram about relation structure with conduct from longrun aspect will necessitate in order to develop emprical industrial organization research. Less

Report

(3 results)
  • 1991 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1990 Annual Research Report

Research Products

(25 results)

All Other

All Publications (25 results)

  • [Publications] 斎藤 修,杉山 和男: "アメリカにおけるタ-キィの産業組織的性格と競争構造" 日本家禽学会誌. 27.3. 182-191 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1991 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 斎藤 修,杉山 和男: "アメリカ養豚産業における生産技術革新と大規模経営の成立条件" 日本養豚学会誌. 27.4. 194-201 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1991 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 斎藤 修,杉山 和男: "アメリカ養豚産業におけるパッカ-の行動と市場構造の変化" 農産物市場研究. 31. 45-55 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1991 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 斎藤 修,杉山 和男: "アメリカにおけるブロイラ-の産業組織の変化と立地移動の制約条件" 日本家禽学会誌. 28.1. 37-46 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1991 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 斎藤 修: "アメリカにおける養豚の契約生産の新展開と産業組織の変化" 広島大学農業水産経済研究. 4. (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1991 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 斎藤 修: "アメリカにおける食肉加工の産業構造と研究動向" 外食産業総合研究所. (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1991 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 金沢 夏樹: "金沢夏樹博士古希記念論文集(分担、斎藤 修「アメリカにおける肉用牛産地の形成と立地移動」)" 養賢堂, (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1991 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Osamu Saito and Kazuo Sugiyama: ""The Characteristics of Industrial Organization and Competitive Structure in the U. S. Turkey Industry"" Japanese Poultry Science. 27 No. 3. 182-191 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1991 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Osamu Saito and Kazuo Sugiyama: ""The Innovations of Production Technology and The conditions for Successful Management of Large Scale Farms in the U. S. Hog Industry"" The Japanese Journal of Swine Science. 27 No. 4. 194-201 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1991 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Osamu Saito and Kazuo Sugiyama: ""The Meat Packer's Conduct and the Change of Market Structure in the U. S. Hog Industry"" Journal of Agricultural Marketing. 31. 45-55 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1991 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Osamu Saito and Kazuo Sugiyama: ""The Change of Industrial Organization and the Limiting Conditions of Locational Shift in the U. S. Broiler Industry"" Japanese Poultry Science. 28 No. 1. 37-46 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1991 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Osamu Saito: ""A New Development in Contract Production of the U. S. Hog Farming and the Change of Industrial Organization"" Agricultural and Fisheries Economics of Hiroshima University. 4. (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1991 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Osamu Saito: ""The Structure of Meat Processing Industry and Research Perspective in the U. S. "" Report in Research Institution of Gaishoku Industry. (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1991 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Osamu Saito: ""The formation of Beef Production Areas and its Locational Shift in the U. S. "" Papers in honor of Dr. Kanazawa. Yokendo Press. (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1991 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 斎藤 修,杉山 和男: "アメリカにおけるタ-キィの産業組織的性格と競争構造" 日本家會学会誌. 27.3. 182-191 (1990)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 斎藤 修,杉山 和男: "アメリカ養豚産業における生産技術革新と大規模経営の成立条件" 日本養豚学会誌. 27.4. 194-201 (1990)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 斎藤 修,杉山 和男: "アメリカ養豚産業におけるパッカ-の行動の市場耕造の変化" 農産業市場研究. 31. 45-55 (1990)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 斎藤 修,杉山 和男: "アメリカにおけるブロイラ-の産業組織の変化と立地移動の制約条件" 日本会會学会誌. 28.1. 37-46 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 斎藤 修: "アメリカにおける養豚の契約生産の新展開と産業組織の変化" 広島大学農業水産経済研究. 4. (1992)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 斎藤 博: "アメリカにおける食肉加工の産業構造と研究動向" 外食産業総合研究所. (1992)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 金沢 夏樹: "金沢夏樹博士古希記念論文集(分担、斎藤修「アメリカにおける牛用肉産地の形成と立地移動」)" 養賢堂, (1992)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 斎藤 修: "アメリカ養豚産業における生産技術革新と大規模経営の成立条件" 日本養豚学会誌. 27.4. 194-201 (1990)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 斎藤 修: "アメリカ養豚産業におけるパッカ-の行動と市場構造の変化" 農産物市場研究. 31. 45-55 (1990)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 斎藤 修: "アメリカにおけるタ-キィの産業組織的性格と競争構造" 日本家禽学会誌. 27. 182-191 (1990)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 斎藤 修: "アメリカにおけるブロイラ-の産業組織の変化と立地移動の制約条件" 日本家禽学会誌. 28.1. 37-46 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1990-03-31   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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