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Joint Research on Artificial Intelligence in Statute and Case

Research Project

Project/Area Number 03044133
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
SectionJoint Research
Research InstitutionMeiji Gakuin University

Principal Investigator

YOSHINO Hajime  Meiji Gakuin University, Faculty of Law, 法学部, 教授 (50062162)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) KOWALSKI Robert  University of London, Inperial College Department of Computing, インペリアルカレッジ・コンピュータ科学部, 教授
BRANTING Karl  University of Wyoming Department of Computing, コンピュータ科学部, 助教授
RUESSMANN Helmut  University of Saarland, Faculty of Law, 法学部, 教授
HERBERGER Maximilian  University of Saarland, Faculty of Law, 法学部, 教授
ASHLEY Kevin D.  University of Pittsburg, School of Law, 法学部, 助教授
BERMAN Donald H.  Northeastern University, School of Law, ロースクール, 教授
HAFNER Carole D.  Northeastern University, Faculty of Computer Science, コンピュータ科学部, 準教授
SAKURAI Seiichiro  Tokyo Institute of Technology Graduate School of Science and Engineering, 大学院・総合理工学研究科, 助手 (20202088)
KITAHARA Munenori  Hiroshima Shudo University, Faculty of Commerce, 商学部, 教授 (70234268)
HARAGUCHI Makoto  Tokyo Institute of Technology Graduate School of Science and Engineering, 大学院・総合理工学研究科, 助教授 (40128450)
KAGAYAMA Shigeru  University of Osaka, Faculty of Law, 法学部, 教授 (20169379)
MATSUMURA Yoshiyuki  University of Hokkaido, Faculty of Law, 法学部, 教授 (80091502)
HELMUT Ruess  ザールランド大学, 法学部, 教授
ROBERT Kowal  ロンドン大学インペリアルカレッジ, コンピュータ科学部, 教授
MAXIMILIAN H  ザールランド大学, 法学部, 教授
KEVIN D Ashe  ビッツバーグ大学, 法学部, 助教授
DONALD H Ber  ノースイースタン大学, ロースクール, 教授
CAROLE D Haf  ノースイースタン大学, コンピュータ科学部, 準教授
RUESSMAN Hel  ザールランド大学, 法学部, 教授
Project Period (FY) 1991 – 1993
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1993)
Budget Amount *help
¥16,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥16,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1993: ¥4,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1992: ¥6,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1991: ¥5,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,500,000)
KeywordsLaw / Statute Law / Case Law / Legal Inference / Artificial Intelligence / Analogy / Rule Based Reasoning / Case Based Reasoning / 法的知識表現 / 類推推論 / ル-ル型推論と事例型推論の融合システム / 法的知識の発見と定立 / 法律知識ベ-スの構築 / アブダクション / 国際統一売買法の論理分析 / 法的メタ知識
Research Abstract

The object of this international joint research is for the researchers from Japan as well as Germany and the United States of America to analyze logically 'rule based reasoning', which belongs to the continental statutory law culture and 'case based reasoning' which belongs to the Anglo-American case law culture, clarify the mechanism of the interpretation of legal rules and legal analogy and amalgamate a rule based legal reasoning system with a case based legal reasoning system. In this international joint research the following results have been achieved :
(1)Logical structures of 'rule based reasoning' in the continental law and 'case based reasoning' in the Anglo-American law have been in many points clarified.
(2)The relationship between rule based reasoning and case based reasoning in law and the way to combine the both have been also clarified.
(3)The methods of the representation of legal knowledge in terms of the logical flow chart and the compound predicate formula (CPF) has bee … More n developed.
(4)The logical structure of the second part of United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) has been clarified. The part was represented in the computer in terms of the logical flow chart in English as well as in Japanese and also in terms of CPF partly. These knowledge representation methods have been adapted as a common representation form between the Japanese researchers and the American researchers.
(5)Japanese researchers and American researchers discussed interpretation problems of several articles of CISG on the basis of logical flow charts of CISG, so that it was proved that this representation form is a fruitful method for Japanese and American lawyers, who have the different language and culture, to communicate with each other.
(6)The several interesting issues of interpretation problems of CISG have been found. The relationship between these different interpretations and the different cultures of law became clear.
(7)A Hyper Card system of CISG in German, English and French has been developed by the German researchers.
On the following points the final object of the joint research to make a integrated system has been achieved only in the very restricted range :
(1)A rule base legal reasoning system as well as a experimental system of legal analogy was developed. However we could not install any amalgamating system of rule based reasoning and case based reasoning in law.
(2)Some experimental generating system of Japanese legal text and English Legal text from CPF was developed. However we could not develop any interface between Japanese and English language in law. Less

Report

(3 results)
  • 1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • 1992 Annual Research Report
  • 1991 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (27 results)

All Other

All Publications (27 results)

  • [Publications] Hajime Yoshino: "“Knowledge Representation of Legal Expert System LES-3 with Legal Meta-inference"" Proc.Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 1-9 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Robert Kowalski: "“Legislation as Logic Programs"" Proc.Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 55-82 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Helmut Ruessmann: "“The Saarbruecken Approach to a Decision-Support-System Relating to the United Nations Convention on Contracts of International Sale of Goods"" Proc.Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 110-122 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Seiichirou Sakurai: "“Abduction in Legal Reasoning"" Proc.Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 123-130 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Makoto Haraguchi: "“What kinds of knowledge and Inferences Are Needed to Realize Legal Reasoning?"" Proc.Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 139-146 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 桜井、原口、吉野: "「抽象化図式に基づく学習とその法的知識獲得への応用」" 情報処理学会研究報告Vol.93No.17. (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hajime Yoshino: "Towards a Legal Analogical Reasoning System:Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Methods" Proc.The Fourth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law. 110-116 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hajime Yoshino: "Identification of Implicit Legal Requirements with Legal Abstract Knowledge" Proc.The Fourth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law. 298-305 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 櫻井成一朗、原口誠: "抽象化に基づく類推による知識の変換について" 知識のリフォームレーションシンポジウム論文集. 169-178 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 原口 誠: "多重一般化問題" 数理科学362. 23-27 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hajime Yoshino: "Proc.Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems" LESA(Legal Expert System Association), 146 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hajime Yohino: "Identification of Implicit Legal Requirements with Legal Abstract Knowledge" Proc. The Fourth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law. 298-305 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hajime Yohino: "Knowledge Representation of Legal Expert System LES-3 with Legal Meta-inference" Proc. Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 1-9 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Robert Kowalski: "Legislation as Logic Programs" Proc. Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 55-82 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Helmut Ruessmann: "The Saarbruecken Approach to a Decision-Support-System Relating to the United Nations Convention on Contracts of International Sale of Goods" Proc. Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 110-112 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Seiichirou Sakurai: "Abduction in Legal Reasoning" Proc. Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 123-130 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Makoto Haraguchi: "What Kinds of Knowledge and Inferences Are Needed to Realize Legal Reasoning?" Proc. Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 139-146 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hajime Yoshino: "Towards a Legal Analogical System : Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Methods" Proc. The Fourth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law. 110-116 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hajime Yoshino: LESA(Legal Expert System Association). Proc. Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems, 146 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hajime Yoshino: ""Knowledge Representation of Legal Expert System LES-3 with Legal Meta-inference"" Proc.Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 1-9 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Robert Kowalski: ""Legislation as Logic Programs"" Proc.Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 55-82 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Helmut Ruessmann: ""The Saarbruecken Approach to a Decision-Support-System Relating to the United Nations Convention on Contracts of International Sale of Goods"" Proc.Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 110-122 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Seiichirou Sakurai: ""Abduction in Legal Reasoning"" Proc.Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 123-130 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Makoto Haraguchi: ""What kinds of Konwledge and Inferences Are Needed to Realize Legal Reasoning?"" Proc.Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems. 139-146 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 桜井,原口,吉野: "「抽象化図式に基づく学習とその法的知識獲得への応用」" 情報処理学会研究報告 Vol.93 No.17. (1993)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 原口誠: "「多重一般化問題:インヘリタンスの意味論からの接近」" ソフトウェア科学会第9回大会論文集. 261-264 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yoshino,Hagime: "Proc.Legal Knowledge and Legal Reasoning Systems" LESA(Legal Expert System Association), 146 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1991-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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