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Studies on the structure and expression of genes that governs leaf senescence

Research Project

Project/Area Number 03404002
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 植物生理学
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo (1993-1994)
Nagoya University (1991-1992)

Principal Investigator

WATANABE Akira  The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Professor, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (70023471)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) ITO Masaki  The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Assistant Professor, 大学院・理学系研究科, 助手 (10242851)
高部 鉄子 (高倍 鉄子)  名古屋大学, 農学部, 助教授 (60089852)
Project Period (FY) 1991 – 1994
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1994)
Budget Amount *help
¥30,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥30,600,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥2,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1993: ¥3,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000)
Fiscal Year 1992: ¥8,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1991: ¥17,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥17,000,000)
KeywordsPlant Senescence / cDNA Cloning / Branched-Chain alpha-Ketoacid Dehydrogenase / Protease / Direct Display RT-PCR / Glutamine Synthetase / Pyruvate Dehydrogenase / 老化 / 葉緑体 / トランスジェニック植物 / 窒素の転流 / 遺伝子発現 / プロテアソーム / CDNAクローニング / cDNAクロ-ニング
Research Abstract

We were successful in isolating several cDNA clones for senescence-related genes by newly developed procedures. One of the procedures is that cDNA sequences are selected by proteins expressed in vitro if they have ability to be imported by isolated intact chloroplasts. By this procedure a sequence was found to code for a new protein which has similarity to a stress protein expressed in E.coli cells when they are infected by a phage. Another one is a modified direct display RT-PCR.Three independent cDNA clones were isolated, one of which codes for protein which has homology to branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase. This enzyme is one of the three subunits of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex known in mammals. Another clone had a sequence homologous to the second subunit of this complex. These observations suggest that senescing leaf cells become deficient in supply of energy from photosynthesis and are preparing to utilized branched chain amino acids such as Leu, Val, and Ile release … More d from degraded protein for a energy source by burning their carbon skeleton in TCA cycle. The last clone showed similarity in amino acid sequence to glucosidases known in plants. Expression of the gene in senescing leaf cells may suggest that the encoded enzyme converts various glucosides to glucose which can also used to generate energy.
Expression of several known protease genes were also examined by northern hybridization with cDNA probes. Genes for proteasome subunits were not found to be specifically expressed in senescing cells, but a nuclear gene for the regulatory subunit of chloroplast Clp protease and a gene for cathepsin-like protease know to localize in vacuoles are expressed at high levels in those cells.
Two out of the three genes for cytosolic glutamine synthetase had been shown to be expressed in the later stage of leaf senescence. By examining the effects of inhibitors of the enzyme and of feeding amino acids, one on the two was found to be regulated by the level of Glu/Gln in the cell. Less

Report

(5 results)
  • 1994 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1993 Annual Research Report
  • 1992 Annual Research Report
  • 1991 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (37 results)

All Other

All Publications (37 results)

  • [Publications] Watanabe,A.: "Biphasic and differential expression of cytosolic glutamine synthetase genes of radish during seed germination and senescence of cotyledons." Plant Mol.Biol.27(印刷中). (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Murota,K.: "Changes related to salt torelance in thylakoid membranes of photoautotrophically cultured green tobacco cells." Plant Cell Physiol.35. 107-113 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ito,M.: "Meristem-specific gene expression directed by the promoter of the Sphase-specific gene,cyc07,in transgenic Arabidopsis." Plant Mol.Biol.24. 863-878 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kodama,H.: "Studeis of the plant cell cycle in synchronous cultures of Catharanthus roseus cells." Plant Cell Physiol.35. 287-299 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Fukuda,H.: "Mechanism of the proliferation and differentiation of plant cells in culture systems." Int.J.Dev.Biol.38. 287-299 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kawakami,N.: "Translatable mRNAs for chloroplast-targeted proteins in detached radish cotyledons during senescence in darkness." Plant Cell Physiol.34. 697-704 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Watanabe, A.: "Biphasic and differential expression of cytosolic glutamine synthetase genes of radish during seed germination and senescence of cotyledons." Plant Mol.Biol.27, (in press). (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Murota, K.: "Changes related to salt tolerance in thylakoid membranes of photoautotrophically cultured green tobacco cells." Plant Cell Physiol.35. 107-113 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ito, M.: "Meristem-specific gene expression directed by the promoter of the S-phase-specific gene, cyc07, in transgenic Arabidopsis." Plant Mol.Biol.24. 863-878 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kodama, H.: "Studies of the plant cell cycle in synchronous cultures of Catharanthus roseus cells." Plant Cell Physiol.35. 529-537 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Fukuda, H.: "Mechanism of the proliferation and differentiation of plant cells in cell culture systems." Int.J.Dev.Biol.38. 287-299 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kawakami, N.: "Translatable mRNAs for chloroplast-targeted prtoeins in detached radish cotyledons during senesecence in darkness." Plant Cell Physiol. 34. 697-704 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Watanabe,A.: "Biphasic and differential expression of cytosolic glutamine synthetase genes of radish during seed germination and senescence of cotyledons." Plant Mol.Biol.27(印刷中). (1995)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Murota,K.: "Changes related to salt torelance in thylakoid membranes of photoautotrophically cultured green tobacco cells." Plant Cell Physiol.35. 107-113 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ito,M.: "Meristem-specific gene expression directed by the promoter of the S-phase-specific gene,cyc07,in transgenic Arabidopsis." Plant Mol.Biol.24. 863-878 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kodama,H.: "Studies of the plant cell cycle in synchronous cultures of Chatharanthus roseus cells." Plant Cell Physiol.35. 529-537 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Fukuda,H.: "Mechanism of the proliferation and differentiation of plant cells in cell culture systems." Int.J.Dev.Biol.38. 287-299 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 渡辺昭: "植物の老化と死のメカニズム" 植物細胞工学. 6. 6-8 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Konishi,A.Watanabe: "Transport of proteins into the thylakoid lumen-Stromal processing and energy requirements for the import of the precursor to the 23-kDa protein of PSII" Plant Cell Physiol. 34. 315-319 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Konishi,Y.Maruta,K.Shinohara,A.Watanabe: "Transit peptides of thylakoid luminal proteins:the sites of s omal processing are conserred among higher plants" Plant Cell Physiol. 34. 1081-1087 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] N.Kawakami,A.Watanabe: "Translatable mRNA for chloroplast-targeted proteins of detached rodish cotyledons senescing in the dark" Plant Cell Physiol. 34. 697-704 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] A.Watanabe: "植物はなぜ枯れるのか-その仕組みと意義" 日本の科学と技術. 34. 32-37 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Ito,A.Yasui,A.Komamine: "Precise mapping and molecular characterization of the MFT1 gene involved in import of a fusion protein into mitochondria in saccharomyces cerevisial" FEBS Lett.320. 125-129 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Ito,A.Komamine: "Molecular mechanisms of the cell cycle in synchronous cultures of plant cells" J.Plant Res. 3. 17-28 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.W.Smith,M.Ito,T.Yamada,T.Suzuki,A.Komamine: "Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone for plant nuclear antigen 21D7 associated with cell division" Plant Physiol. 101. 809-817 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Konishi,T.: "Protein transportinto thylaboid leimen-A Stromel processing and the energy requiremert for the import of the prearsor for the 23 K Dapsolein of PS II" Plent Cell Physiol. 34. (1993)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 渡辺 昭: "緑葉の老化とグルタミン合成酸素" 日本農芸化学会誌. 66. 932-935 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 渡辺 昭: "植物はなぜ枯れるのか.その仕組みと意義" 日本科学と技術. 34. 32-37 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ishitani,M.: "Betaine aldelyde deby drogonase in leaues of both betaine accumulators and nonaccumulators invarous cireat plants" Plent Cell Physiol. 34. (1993)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Arakawa,K.: "Immun ological studies betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase in barley" Plent cell Physiol. 33. 833-840 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Konishi,T.: "Research in Photosyn The Sis" Murata,N., (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Azumi,Y: "Evidence for a senescenceーassociated gene induced by darkness" Plant Physiol. 95. 577-583 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Azumi,Y.: "Structure and regulation by sugar of clin1,a darkinducible and sencscenceーassociated gene in radich" (1992)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Arakawa,K.: "Immunological study on btaine aldekyde Iehydrogenase from barley" Plant Cell Physiol.(1992)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 渡辺 昭: "植物の老化と遺伝子発現の柔軟性" 学術月報. 44. 67-72 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 安積 良隆: "緑葉の老化と遺伝子発現" 植物細胞工学. 3. 542-550 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 高倍 鉄子: "塩ストレスによる遺伝子発現" 植物細胞工学. 3. 639-643 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1991-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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