Preliminary studies of structure and function of the haptonema.

• Project/Area Number: 03454014
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Research Field: 植物形態・分類学
• Research Institution: University of Tsukuba
• Principal Investigator: INOUE Isao Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Tsukuba Associate Professor, 生物科学系, 助教授 (70168433)
• Project Period (FY): 1991 – 1993
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 1993)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,800,000); Fiscal Year 1993: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000); Fiscal Year 1992: ¥800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000); Fiscal Year 1991: ¥3,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000)
• Keywords: haptonema / Haphtophyta / Prymnesiophyceae / Chrysochromulina / coiling / CICR / 混合栄養 / カルシウムイオン / A23187 / カフェイン / プロカイン / ハプト藻綱 / 微細藻類 / Chysochromulina / 高速ビデオ

Research Abstract

The haptonema is a unique cellular organelle known only in the Prymnesiophyceae(=Haptophyceae). Ultrastructue, functional roles and biological significance of this organelle is not well understood. The aim of this study was to establish basic knowledge on the haptonema of both structural and functional aspects. Chrysochromulina was choosen to achieve the project. The following results and conclusions were obtained.
Chrysochromulina hirta, the haptonema plays an important role in food capture. Analysis of video-recorded food capturing and phagotrophic processes in C.hirata revealed that : Prey particles adhere and move on the haptonema towards the base ; They are accumulated at a point called particle aggregating center and transformed into tightly packed aggregate ; The aggregate is moved up to the tip of the haptonema ; The haptonema then bends in S-shape, resulting in delivery of the aggregate to the food vacuole. Based on these observations, it is concluded mixotrophy of Chrysochromulina hirta is achieved by integration of various properties of the haptonema including surface adhesion, surface motility, secretion of cement material and bending, which are obviously regulated in chronological order. The haptonema is composed of singlet microtubules arranged in an arc or a circle surronded by haptonemal ER.There components are arranged in asymmetrical fashion and has a single absolute configuration in relation to other cellular components such as the nucleus, food vacuole and the flagellar apparatus. The direction of haptonemal bending and coiling is precisely defined in reltion to its and*

Research Products

• [Publications] Inouye,I.& Hori,T.: "High-speed video analysis of the flagellar beat and swimming patterns of algae:probable evolutionary trends in green algae." Protoplasma. 161. 54-69 (1991)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] Kawachi,M.,Inouye,I.,Maeda,O.& Chihara,M.: "The haptonema as a food-capturing device:study on Chrysochromulina hirta(Prymnesiophyceae)." Phycologia. 30. 563-573 (1991)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] Inouye,I.,Hara,Y.& Chihara,M.: "Further observations on Olisthodiscus luteus(Raphidophyceae):the flagellar apparatus ultrastructure." Journal of Japanese Phycology.40. 333-348 (1992)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] Kawachi,M.& Inouye,I.: "Chrysochromulina quadrikonta sp.nov.,a quadriflagellate member of the genus Chrysochromulina(Prymnesiophyceae)" Japanese Journal of Phycology. 41. 221-230 (1993)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] Kawachi,M.& Inouye,I.: "Ca^<2+>-mediated induction of the coiling of the haptonema in Chrysochromulina hirta(Prymnesiophyceae=Haptophyceae)" Phycologia. 33. 53-57 (1993)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] Kawachi,M.& Inouye,I.: "Observations on the flagellar apparatus of a coccolithophorid Cruciplacolithus neohelis(Prymnesiophyceae)." Journal of Plant Research. 107(in press). (1994)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] Inouye,I.: "Flagella and Flagellar apparatus in Algae.In:Ultrastructure of Microalgae.(ed.T.Berner)" CRC Press Inc.,New York, (1993)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] Inouye,I.and Kawachi,M.: "The Haptonema.In:The Haptophyte Algae.(J.C.Green and B.S.C.Leadbeater)" Oxford University Press,London(in press), (1994)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] Inouye, I.and Hori, T.: "High-speed video analysis of the flagellar beat and swimming patterns of algae : probable evolutionary trends in green algae." Protoplasma. 161. 54-69 (1991)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Kawachi, M., Inouye, I., Maeda, M.and Chihara, M.: "The haptonema as a food-capturing device : study on Chrysochromulina hirta Prymnesiophyceae)." Phycologia. 30. 563-573 (1991)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Hori, H., Satow, Y., Inouye, I.and Chihara, M.: "Archebacteria vs Metabacteria : phylogenetic tree of organisms indicated by comparison of 5S ribosomal RNA sequences." In Evolution of Life. Fossils, Molecules and Culture. (ed.Osawa, S.and Honjo, T.), Springer-Verlag, Tokyo. 325-336 (1991)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Inouye, I., Hara, Y.and Chihara, M.: "Fruther observations on Olisthodiscus luteus (Raphidophyceae, Chromophyta) : the flagellar apparatus ultrastructure." Japanese Journal of Phycology. 40. 333-348 (1992)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Inouye, I.: "Flagella and Flagellar Apparatuses of Algae." In Ultrastrucutre of microalgae. (ed.T.Berner), CRC Press Inc., New York.99-133 (1993)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Kawachi, M.and Inouye, I.: "Chrysochromulina quadrikonta sp.nov., a quadriflagellate member of the genus Chrysochromulina (Prymnesiophyceae)." Japanese Journal of Phycology. 41. 221-230 (1993)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Kawachi, M.and Inouye, I.: "Ca^<2+>-mediated induction of the coiling of the haptonema in Chrysochromulina hirta (Prymnesiophyta=Haptophyta)." Phycologia. 33. 53-57 (1993)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Inouye, I.and Kawachi, M.: "The haptonema." In The Biology of the Prymnesiophyta. (ed.J.C.Green and B.S.C.Leadbeater), Oxford University Press, Oxford.(in press). (1994)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Kawachi, M.and Inouye, I.: "Observations on the flagellar apparatus of a coccolithophorid, Cruciplacolithus neohelis (Prymnesiophyceae)." Journal of Plant Research 107. (in press). (1994)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Kawachi,M.and Inouye,I.: "Chrysochromulina quadrikonta sp.nov.,a quadriflagellate member of the genus Chrysochromulina." Japanese Journal of Phycology. 41. 221-230 (1993)
• [Publications] Kawachi,M.and Inouye,I.: "Ca^<2+>-mediated induction of the coiling of the haptonema in Chrysochromulina hirta(Prymnesiophyceae+Haptophyceae)." Phycologia. 33. 53-57 (1993)
• [Publications] Kawachi,M.and Inouye,I.: "Observations on the flagellar apparatus of a coccolithophorid Cruciplacolithus neohelis(Prymnesiophyceae)." Journal of Plant Research. 107(in press). (1994)
• [Publications] Inouye,I.: "Ultrastructure of Microalgae." CRC Press Inc.,New York, (1993)
• [Publications] Inouye,I.and Kawachi,M.: "The Haptophyte Algae" Oxford University Press,London(in press), (1994)
• [Publications] Inouye,I.and Kawachi,M.: "The Biology of the Prymnesiophyta. Chapter4. The Haptonema" Oxford University press., 400 (1994)
• [Publications] Inouye,I.& Hori,T,: "Highーspeed video analysis of the flagellar beat and swimming patterns in algae;probable evolutionary trends in green algae." Protoplasma. 161. 54-69 (1991)
• [Publications] Kawachi,M.Inouye,I.Maeda,M.&Chihara,M.: "The haptonema as a foodーcapturing device:study on Chrysochromulina hirta." Rhycologia. 30. 563-573 (1991)