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Development of plant breeding techniques to improve quality of seed crops

Research Project

Project/Area Number 03556001
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Breeding science
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

TAKEDA Genkiti  The Univ.of Tokyo, Fac.of Agr., Professor, 農学部, 教授 (90134501)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) KITAMURA Keisuke  Natl.Agr.Res.Center, Head of Laboratory, 作物第一部, 研究室長
TAKANO Tetsuo  The Univ.of Tokyo, Fac.of Agr., Instructor, 農学部, 助手 (30183057)
NODA Kazuhiko  Yokohama City Univ., Kihara Institute for Biol.Res., Associate Professor, 木原生物学研究所, 助教授 (90150135)
KAIZUMA Norihiko  Iwate Univ.Fac.of Agr., Professor, 農学部, 教授 (00003773)
TANAKA Kunisuke  Kyoto Pref.Univ., Fac.of Agr., Professor, 農学部, 教授 (90027194)
小田 俊介  農林水産省, 生物資源研究所・細胞育種部, 主任研究員
喜田村 啓介  農林水産省, 農業研究センター, 研究室長
大坪 研一  農林水産省, 北陸農業試験場・水田利用部, 研究室長
Project Period (FY) 1991 – 1993
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1993)
Budget Amount *help
¥16,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥16,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1993: ¥4,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000)
Fiscal Year 1992: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1991: ¥8,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,300,000)
KeywordsGenetic improvement of seed quality / Storage protein / Inhibitor / beta-glucanase / alpha-amylase / Friabilin / Lipoxygenase / Isoflavone / プロティンボディ / イソフラボン含量 / β-グルカン / グリシニン / トリプシンインヒビター / フライビリアン様タンパク / ABA含量 / 欠失変異 / 生化学的手法 / 種子作物 / 品質 / 育種 / プロラミン / トリプシンインヒビタ- / α-アミラ-ゼ / リポキシナ-ゼ
Research Abstract

This study have been done to develop new technologies of plant breeding using biochemical and molecular biological techniques on the characteristics of seed crops relating to their processing performances.
1) RICE (investigators K.Tanaka and K.Ohtsubo) : It was clarified that the correct sorting of rice storage proteins into PB-1 and PB-2 is determined by the signal sequences. Rice subtilisin inhibitor (RSI) was purified and its amino acid sequence was determined. Immuno-dot-blotting using anti-RSI antibody was established, and it enabled very sensitive selection method as to RSI.RSI had inhibitor activity against amylase of insects, although RSI did not have endogenous alpha-amylase inhibitor activity differing from BASI.2) WHEAT (investigators K.Noda and S.Oda) The wheat seeds which have low dormancy germinate after imbibition, because they lose susceptibility to the materials preventing from germinating which correspond to the signals of ABA and drying. The change of susceptibility i … More s possibly the changes of receptor that accept the signals of the materials preventing from germination. The content of friabilin (a protein on the surface of wheat starch granule, molecular weight : 15kDa) varied among the cultivars, and the endosperm texture of the cultivars with low concentration tend to be hard. This characteristics is possibly determined by a single gene. 3) BARLEY (investigators A.Sasaki and G,Takeda) We found many unused genetic resources of barley varieties, for example, having low beta-glucanase activity in seeds, having high beta-glucanase activity in malt and so on. It was confirmed that there were wide genetic variation in the responsiveness of beta-glucanase production to exogenous gibberellin, and that a variety which showed the very high responsiveness also had high responsiveness of alpha-amylase production. 4)SOYBEAN (investigators N.Kaizuma, K.Kitamura and T.Takano) : Genetic improvement of seed storage proteins of soybean was developed by screening many cultivars, wild species and mutagenized lines. It becomes possible to generate a line having almost no 7S globulin and a line having no 11S globulin by crossings. The study on a control of isoflavone content that affects on astringency and bitterness of soybean products clarified the effect of high temperature during the growth of soybean on the content of isoflavones. The molecular bases lacking seed lipoxygenases have been investigated and it was made clear that the mechanism lacking lipoxygenase-2 was very specific. Less

Report

(4 results)
  • 1993 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1992 Annual Research Report
  • 1991 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (30 results)

All Other

All Publications (30 results)

  • [Publications] T.Adachi: "Gene Structrure and expression of rice seed allergenic proteins belonging to the α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor family." Plant Mol.Biol. 21. 239-248 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Ohtsubo他: "The amino auid seguence lf a 20KDa bifunctional Subtilisin/α-amylase inhibitor from bran of rice (Oryza satira L.)seeds." FEBS Lett.309. 68-72 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] N.Kawakami: "Differential changes in levels of mRNAs during maturation of wheat seeds that are susceptible and resistant Otopreharvest-sprouting" Plant Cell Physiol. 33. 511-517 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] S.Oda他: "Relation between starch granule protein and endosperm sofiness in Japanese wheat(Triticum aestium L.)cultivars." Japan.J.Breed.42. 161-165 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Kitamura他: "Low isoflavone content in some early maturing cultivars,so-called“Summer-type Soybean"(Glycine max(L)Merrill)" Japan.J.Breed.41. 651-654 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] W,-H,Wang他: "Molewlar basis of a null mutation in soybean lipoxygenase2;Substitution of glutamine for an iron ligand histidine" Proc.Notl.Acad.Su.USA. 91. 5828-5832 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Adachi, T.et al.: "Gene structure and expression of rice seed allergenic proteins belonging to the alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor family" Plant Mol.Biol.21. 239-248 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ohtsubo, K.et al.: "The amino acid sequence of a 30kDa bifunctional subtilisin/alpha-amylase inhibitor from bran of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds." FEBS Lett.309. 68-72 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kawakami, N.et al.: "Differential changes in levels of mRNA during maturation of wheat seeds that are susceptible and resistant to preharvest-sprouting." Plant Cell Physiol.33. 511-517 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Oda, S.et al.: "Relation between starch granule protein and endosperm softness in Japanese wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars." Japan.J.Breed.42. 161-165 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kitamura, K.et al.: "Low isoflavone content in some early maturing cultivars, so-called "Summer-type soybean" (Glycine max (L) Merrill)." Japan.J.Breed.41. 651-654 (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Wang, W.-H.et al.: "Molecular basis of a null mutation in soybean lipoxygenase2 : Substitution of glutamine for an iron ligand histidine." Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA. 91. 5828-5832 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Minakuchi: "Cloning and sequence analysis of a cDNA encoding rice glutaredxin." FEBS Letters. 337. 157-160 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Noda: "Reclassification of developmental stage of wheat grain." Breeding Science. 44(in press). (1994)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Adachi: "Gene structure and expression of rice seed allergenic proteins belonging to the α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor" Plant Mol.Biol.21. 239-248 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] W.H.Wang: "The Molecular Basis of a null mutation in soybean Lipoxygenase-2:Substitution of glutamin for an Iron Ligand Histidine" Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci U.S.A.91(in press). (1994)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Kanzaki: "Localization of α-amylase and its inhibitor in germinating wheat seed" Seed Sci.Res.3. 287-292 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 大坪 研一: "2つの顔をもつ酵素阻害蛋白質 米に存在,貯穀害虫のアミラーゼや微生物のプロテアーゼを阻害" 化学と生物. 31. 699-701 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] N.Kawakami: "Differential changes in levels of mRNAs during maturation of wheat seeds that are susceptible and resistant to preharvest-sprouting." Plant Cell Physiol.33. 511-517 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Ohtsubo: "The amino acid seguence of a 20K Dalifunctional subtilisin/α-amylase inhibitor from bran of rice(Oryza sativa L.) Seeds" FEBS Letters. 309. 68-72 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Oda: "Relation between.Starch granuleprotein and endosperm softness in Japanese wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars." Japan.J.Breed.42. 161-165 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Oda: "Starch granule proteins of wheat related species" Japan.J.Breed.42(Suppl.2). 526-527 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Kusaba: "Effect of gibberellin ongenetic variations in α-amylase production in germinating barley seeds" J.Cereal Sci.14. 151-160 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Takano: "The mechanism lacking lipoxygenase-2 in Soybean seed" Mol Gen Genet.

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.KUSABA: "Effect of gibberellin on genetic variation in α-amylase production in germinating barley seeds" Journal of Cereal Science. 14. 151-160 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Takano: "RFLPs Analysis of α-amylase genes in barley" Barley Genetics VI. 6. 117-119 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.KUSABA: "Effects of two genetic factors on α-amylase production in barley grains:Endogenous gibberellin content and responsiveness to it" Barley Genetics. 6. 120-122 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 喜多村 啓介: "夏型大豆品種に認められた低イソフラボン含量" 育種学雑誌. 41(別2). 458-459 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 王 万恒: "リポキシゲナ-ゼ欠失ダイズにおける転写産物の発現" 育種学雑誌. 42(別1). (1992)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 金 倫範: "大豆種子貯藏タンパク質変異遺伝子の中国大豆への導入" 育種学雑誌. 41(別1). 236-237 (1991)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1991-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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