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A Study on the History of Microscopes and Optical Glasses : 1870-1905

Research Project

Project/Area Number 03680097
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 科学技術史(含科学社会学・科学技術基礎理論)
Research InstitutionRITSUMEIKAN UNIVERSITY

Principal Investigator

MIYASHITA Sinkichi  Ritsumeikan Univ.F.of Social Sciences, Prof., 産業社会学部, 教授 (30121619)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) NAGAHIRA Sachio  Osaka Univ.of Economics and Law, F.of General Education, Prof., 教養部, 教授 (20122195)
Project Period (FY) 1991 – 1993
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1993)
Budget Amount *help
¥1,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1993: ¥100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥100,000)
Fiscal Year 1992: ¥400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000)
Fiscal Year 1991: ¥1,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000)
KeywordsHistory of Microscope / History of Glass / E.Abbe / O.Schott / Firma Carl Zeiss / Schott und Gen. / Ultra-microscope / Ultraviolet-microscope / 光学顕微鏡 / R.Zigmondy / 光学ガラス / コロイド化学 / 諸科学の連関 / O.Sehott / 諸化学の連関
Research Abstract

Our main results are as follows :
In the first place we threw light upon the development of microscopes and physicaloptical theory (undulation theory) of microscopical vision after E.Abbe, above all the estimat of limit of resolution power in the microscope by S.Czapski and upon the process of A.kohler's invention of ultraviolet-microscope and that of R.Zsigmondy and H.Siedentopf's invention of ultra-microscope.
In the second place we made detailed description about the stages of the research and development of optical glasses in Glas-technical laboratory in Jena ('Glas-Technische Versuchs-anstalt in Jena' = 'Schott und Gen.') from optical glass to thermometer glass (16III,and 59III), 'Gerateglass' (164III,and 165III,etc.), and colorglass (447III,and gold-rubyglass 459III,etc.), ultraviolet-ray transmitting glass ('Uviolglass', 786III,etc.), and others.
In the third place we fully discussed on the idea of 'Firma Carl Zeiss', 'Schott und Gen.', and 'Carl Zeiss Stiftung' as a 'scientific enterprise' in order to investigate the cause of these brilliant successes.
In the fourth place particularly we studied the Influences of the invention of ultra-microscope on chemistry (especially colloid chemistry), biology and medical sciences.

Report

(4 results)
  • 1993 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1992 Annual Research Report
  • 1991 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (6 results)

All Other

All Publications (6 results)

  • [Publications] 宮下晋吉: "1870-1900年代ドイツにおける科学・技術試験研究機関と社会(II)-ガラス-技術研究所(GTV)と帝国物理-技術研究所(PTR)の設立" 立命館産業社会論集. 27. 89-176 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 永平幸雄: "科学機器としての限外顕微鏡-発明後の諸科学への波及」" 大阪経済法科大学論集. 55. 87-100 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shinkichi Miyashita: "A history of scientific and technological Laboratories in Germany from 1870 to 1900 : Foundation of Glas- technical Laboratory and 'physikalisch-technische Reichsanstalt'" Ritsumeikan Social Sciences Review. Vol.27, No.4. 90 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sachio Nagahira: "the invention of ultra-microscope as a scientific instrument - the Influences on biology and medical sciences" The Review of osaka University of Economics and Law. No.55. 14 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1993 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 永平幸雄: "科学機器としての限外顕微鏡 発明後の諸科学への波及" 大阪経済法科大学論集. 55. 87-100 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 宮下 晋吉: "1870ー1900年代ドイツにおける科学・技術試験研究機関と社会(II)ーガラスー技術研究所(GTV)と帝国物理ー技術研究所(PTR)の設立" 立命館産業社会論集. 27. 89-176 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1991 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1991-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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