| Project/Area Number |
04452075
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
気象・海洋・陸水学
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| Research Institution | National Institute of Polar Research |
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Principal Investigator |
YAMANOUCHI Takashi (1993-1994) National Institute of Polar Research, Arctic Environment Research Center, Professor, 北極圏環境研究センター, 教授 (00141995)
川口 貞男 (1992) 国立極地研究所, 教授企画調整官 (40000153)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
YAMAZAKI Koji Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Professor, 地球環境科学研究科, 教授
KNZAWA Hiroshi National Institute for Environment Studies, Center for Global Environmental Rese, 地球環境研究センター, 研究管理官 (20150047)
HRASAWA Naohiko National Institute of Polar Research, Information Science Center, Research Assoc, 情報科学センター, 助手 (10270422)
WADA Makoto National Institute of Polar Research, Research Section, Research Associate, 研究系, 助手 (40132716)
AOKI Shuhji National Institute of Polar Research, Research Section, Research Associate, 研究系, 助手 (00183129)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1992 – 1994
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1994)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥6,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥1,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1993: ¥1,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000)
Fiscal Year 1992: ¥3,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000)
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| Keywords | ozone / transportation / Antarctic ozone hole / stratosphere / troposphere / ozone sonde / vertical profile / polar vortex |
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| Research Abstract |
Transportation process which affect the variation of polar ozone, has been examined.
(1) From the long range observation of total and vertical profile of ozone at Syowa Station, Antarctica, variation of ozone has been analyzed. Spring ozone depletion, which became noticeable in 1980s, has developed in 1990s, and stably continued. In term of strong ozone hole, ozone layr in 14 - 19 km is absolutely destroyed. In 1990s, ozone concentration in lower stratosphere has stayd low even after the ozone hole. Since the ozone in lower stratosphere is mainly controlled by dynamics, some changes in polar vortex, atmospheric circulation pattern and transportation process are assumed to be occurred.
(2) In order to distinguish chemical and dynamical effect on ozone, collocated ozone sonde flights were performed at three Antarctic stations Syowa, Neumayr and Mitri during 10 days at the beginning of September in 1993. Analyzing these results together with backward trajectory obtained from objective analy
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sis, ozone variation has been characterized.
(3) Results of Polar Patrol Balloon (PPB) experiment, which can make an Lagrangian observation of atmospheric composition, has been analyzed. The experiment was conducted in SH winter in September 1991. Negative correlation between concentrations of ozone and aerosol has been found during the flight inside the polar vortex and high concentration layr of Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCs) was measured during the balloon descent.
(4) Concentration of surface ozone are continuously measured at Syowa Station. The typical seasonal variation, high concentration in winter and low concentration in summer different from that at the stratosphere, was clarified, and attributed to the difference in exchange of air between stratosphere and troposphere, and transportation process in the upper troposphere. Also, a sudden depletion of spring ozone at the surface for few days duration was found, and related to the transformation of lower atmosphere traveled over sea surface. Less
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