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HYDROGEOCHEMICAL STUDY ON THE CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF ACID SNOW AND THOSE ACCUMULATION AND MIGRATION PROCESS IN THE SNOWPACK

Research Project

Project/Area Number 04452232
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Hydraulic engineering
Research InstitutionFUKUI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (1994)
Kanazawa University (1992-1993)

Principal Investigator

UJIHASHI Yasuyuki  FUKUI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY,ARCHITECHTURE AND CIVIL ENGINEERING,ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR., 工学部, 助教授 (60092764)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) TAKASE Nobutada  KANAZAWA UNIVERSITY,CIVIL ENGINEERING, 工学部, 教授 (90019711)
TAKASHIMA Masanobu  FUKUI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY,ARCHITECHTURE AND CIVIL ENGINEERING,LECTURE., 工学部, 講師 (30257498)
丁子 哲治  富山工業高等専門学校, 助教授 (80092790)
斉藤 武久  金沢大学, 工学部, 助手 (40242531)
矢富 盟祥  金沢大学, 工学部, 助教授 (90135541)
石田 啓  金沢大学, 工学部, 教授 (50093183)
Project Period (FY) 1992 – 1994
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1994)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1993: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1992: ¥1,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000)
KeywordsAcid Snow / Snow Metamorphism / Snow Melt / Environment / 積雪の変態 / 環境 / Acid Shock / 積雪 / pH
Research Abstract

Research results are summarized as follows ;
1) The major cations and anions in the snow in Hokuriku region are H^+, Na^+, K+, Ca^<2+>, Mg^<2+>, NH_4^+, and Cl^-, SO_4^2, NO_3^-.
2) Mean pH value of the new snow is 4.6, and nss-SO_4^<2-> and NO_3^- are major two ions contribute to snow acidification.
3) When snow ablation occurs in the early melt season, the melt water whose ion concentration is 2 to 4 times higher than the mean concentration of the whole pack flows out from the pack because most of ions in the snow exit near the surfaces of snow particles.
4) A novel snow cover model is developed that considers the four main physical processes that occur during snow season and only requires the data routinely available. The model performance is tested through simulating the snow cover at Siramine, the foot of Mt. Haku.
5) The amount of ion elution is estimated by the exponential function of melt water. The time variation of ion concentration profile in the pack is well simulated by using the snow cver model combined with the exponential relation between the melt water and the amount of eluted ion.
6) Strong acid shock does not occur in the warm snow region like Hokuriku region, Japan because snowfall and its ablation are repeated in snow season.

Report

(4 results)
  • 1994 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1993 Annual Research Report
  • 1992 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (18 results)

All Other

All Publications (18 results)

  • [Publications] Yasuyuki Ujihashi: "Distributed snow cover model for a mountainous basin" Snow and Ice Covers,IAHS Publication. 223. 170-179 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 宇治橋康行: "北陸地方の酸性雪の化学成分の流出過程に関する研究" 水文・水資源学会1994年研究発表会要旨集. 264-265 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 畑時男: "二相混合体モデルの積雪内不飽和鉛直浸透への適用に関する研究" 土木学会第49回年次学術講演会講演概要集 第2部(A). 1994. 130-131

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 宇治橋康行:

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] "酸性雪の化学成分とその堆積・流出過程に関する研究" 水工学論文集. 38. 101-106 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] "酸性雪の化学成分とその堆積・流出過程に関する研究" 水工学論文集. 38. 101-106 (1994)Yasuyuki Ujihashi:

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] "Simulation of time variation in seasonal snowcover based on routinely avalible data." Jour.of Natural Disaster Science. 13. 57-68 (1992)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yasuyuki Ujihashi, N.Takase, H.Ishida and H.Hirobe: "Distributed snow cover model for a mountainous basin." IAHS Publication. No.223. 170-179 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Chikayoshi Yatomi, T.Hata and H.Ishida: "An Application of two-phase mixture model to the unsaturated vertical flow through snow." Proc.of JSCE. No.509, II-30. 27-33

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yasuyuki Ujihashi, N.Takase and H.Oi: "A study on the run-off process of chemical components from the acid snow pack in Holuriku region." Proc.of 1994 annual Conference, JSHWR. 130-131 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1994 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 宇治橋康行: "北陸地方の酸性雪の化学成分の流出過程に関する研究" 水文・水資源学会1994年研究発表会要旨集. 130-131 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 畑時男: "二相混合体モデルの積雪内不飽和鉛直浸透への適用に関する研究" 土木学会第49回年次学術講演会講演概要集 第2部(A). 264-265 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yasuyuki Ujihashi: "Distributed snow cover model for a mountainous basin" Snow and Ice Covers,IAHS Publication. 223. 170-179

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 宇治橋康行: "酸性雪の化学成分とその堆積・流出過程に関する研究" 水工学論文集. 38(印刷中). (1994)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 宇治橋康行: "白山麓における積雪中の無機化学成分の挙動について" 雪氷北信越. 11. 39 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 中川千枝: "酸性降水の土壌による中和反応におけるCO_2の寄与" 水環境学会誌. 16. 175-182 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] YASUYUKI UJIHASHI: "Simulation of Time Variation in Seasonal Snowcover Based on Routinely Available Data" Journal of Natural Disaster Science. 13. 57-68 (1992)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 中川 千枝: "酸性降水の土壌による中和反応機構に関する化学平衡論的解析" 水環境学会誌. 16. 114-121 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1992 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1992-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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