| Project/Area Number |
04640668
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
動物発生・生理学
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| Research Institution | OSAKA CITY UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
SOHKAWA Marina Department of Biology. Osaka city University. Assistant professor, 理学部, 助教授 (60047199)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KANEKO Hiroyuki Department of Biology. Osaka city University. Lecturer, 理学部, 講師 (20169577)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1992 – 1993
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1993)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1993: ¥600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000)
Fiscal Year 1992: ¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000)
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| Keywords | Ascidian / Halocynthic roretzi / Defense mechanism / Chemotaxis / Coelomocytes / Blood cells / 細胞性免疫 / 生体防御細胞 |
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| Research Abstract |
The defense mechanism of ascidians is of special interest in the light of the evolutionary origin of the hauman immune system. In an aim to investigate this mechanism, we have transferred the coelomocytes of the solitary ascidian in culture and observed them with time-lapse videomocroscopy and scanning electron microscopy under various experimental conditions.
The project was persued in four parts which will be described separately below.
PRRT I : Classification of the coelomocytes in reference to those described in literature. Seven types, and one subtype, of cells were distinguished.
PRRT II : Examination of phagocytotic activity of the coelomocyte types.
Three types were found to phagocytose sheep red blood cells, while one type only bundled and held them to hand them over to other cell types.
Four types were shown to incorporate carbon particles. Three of these, the same as above, excreted the particles quickly while one accumulated them in its cytoplasm.
PRRT III : Indirect evidence showing participation of chemoattractant(s) in the defense action.
Video-microscopic evidence shows that two types of cells are attacted to the site of a living invader. One of them is considered to emit a chemoattractant.
PRRT IV : Agents inducing chemotaxis in the coelomocytes.
Among thirteen kinds of solutions applied to the coelomocytes from the tip of a microneedle, seven induced chemotaxis. however, none of known chemoattractant of human immune system tested induced such behavior.
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