| Project/Area Number |
05041041
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | Field Research |
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| Research Institution | NIHON UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
HIROSE Shohei COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE & VETERINARY MEDICINE,NIHON UNIVERSITY,PROFESSOR, 農獣医学部, 教授 (00102517)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
HAYASHI Yukihiro COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE & VETERIMARY MEDICINE,NIHON UNIVERSITY,LECTURER, 農獣医学部, 専任講師 (90277400)
TIFIN A.U. NIGER STATE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT,ZONAL MANAGER, 研究員技師
SHIKANO Kazuhiro SHIMANE WOMEN'S COLLEGE,ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, 助教授 (10226110)
ODIGIE G. FORESTRY RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF NIGERIA SCIENTIST, 主任研究員
OKADA Naoki FORESTRY & FOREST PRODUCTS RESEARCH INSTITUTE SCIENTIST, 研究員技官
MASUDA Misa INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE & FORESTRY,UNIVERSITY OF TSUKUBA,ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, 農林学系, 助教授 (70192747)
OYEDIRAN G.O. LADOK AKINTOLA UNIVERSITY,LECTURER, 講師
WAKATSUKI Toshiyuki FACUKTY OF LIFE & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE SHIMANE UNIVERSITY,PROFESSOR, 生物資源科学部, 教授 (50127156)
FAGBAMI A. FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE,UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN,PROFESSOR, 農学部, 教授
ODIGIE Grego ナイジェリア森林総合研究所, 主任研究員
半澤 和夫 日本大学, 農獣医学部, 助教授 (60147676)
OKUSAMI T. オバフエミアオロ大学, 農学部, 教授
小崎 隆 京都大学, 農学部, 教授 (00144345)
OYODERAN G.O オヨ州立大学, 農学部, 講師
FAGUBAMI Ayo イバダン大学, 農学部, 教授
GREGORY Odig ナイジェリア森林総合研究所, 主任研究員
AWOGBADE M.O アーマズベロー大学, 社会経済研究所, 講師
FELIX Nweke ンツカ大学, 農学部, 教授
T. Okusami オバクエミアオロ大学, 農学部, 教授
溝田 智俊 岩手大学, 農学部, 助教授 (10089930)
OWONUBI J.J. アーマズベロー大学, 農学部, 教授
AYODELE Fagu イバダン大学, 農学部, 教授
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| Project Period (FY) |
1993 – 1995
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1995)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥21,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥21,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥7,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥6,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1993: ¥8,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,000,000)
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| Keywords | Guimea Savanna / Degradation of Vegetation / Annual Rings of Savanna Trees / Nupe people / Indigenous Farming / Sawah Based Farming / African Based RICE FARMING / Lowland Soils / Agroforestry / アジア型水田 / ガーナ / 技術導入 / 氾濫原 / 内陸小集水域 / 西アフリカ / 農林生態系 / 農村集落 / アフリカ型水田 / 稲作 / 叢林休閑 / 農業再生 / フラニ-族 / 類型区分 |
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| Research Abstract |
Introduction : It seems very promising to solve food and environmental crisis in West Africa by breeding of Asian lowland paddy, Sawah, based rice farming with the indigenous farming systems of tropical Africa. In this report, Nupe's indigenous rice farming systems were characterized to find ways for long-term sustainable farming systems through crossing the cultures between tropical Asia and Africa.
Materials and Methods : A typical Nupe village, Gadza was selected for intensive survey. The village is located the middle of the Nyenkpata river watershed, Niger State, Central Nigeria, West Africa. Major ethnic groups are Nupe rice-based farmers and Fulani cattle nomad. Ethnopedological surveys were done during August to December in 1994 and June to November in 1995. Information on soil, toposequense, classifications and land use in Nupe language were collected from local farmers, and Nupe's lowland farming systems were characterized in detail.
Results and Discussion : Nupe's upland farmin
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g is characterized by bush fallow intercropping systems with cereals, such as sorghum, millet and maize, and vegetables, as groundnuts, okra, onion, spinach, sweetpotato and cowpea. In Lowland, during rainy season, farmers crop rice and produce vegetables during dry season, forming many types of ridges and mounds. Seven forms of land preparation were observed in the low land. These are ; Togoko kuru, Togogi kuru, Togoko naafena, Togogi naafena, Ewoko, Baragi and Gbaragi (Fig.1). The differentiation of the forms seem to relate to micro-toposequence and water regime. Before planting dry season crops, Nupe farmers make mounds, ridges or both of them, and then after harvesting they break them down and spread the soils as preparation for rice cropping in rainy season.Each form is seasonally modified with each pattern depending on rice and weed growth, water condition and crop varieties (Fig.2).It is also a labor saving method during the peak farming seasons. The dates of operation are changed according to each form. Moving the soil seems to have effects on controlling weeds, improving the soil nutritional and physical characters and conserving the soil and water conditions.Nupe have detail classifications on soil and land relief. They also recognize that soil tyoes are different along the toposequence. Their evaluation of soils seem to closely relate to clay contents. Nupe have advanced skills in lowland rice farming systems. Their indigenous rice based farming systems are most advanced and adaptable soil management systems to the ecological environment such as sandy and low nutrition soil, and variable rainfall in Guinea Savanna zone of West Africa. Less
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