| Project/Area Number |
05041111
|
|---|
| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
|
| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
|---|
| Section | Field Research |
|---|
| Research Institution | KYOTO UNIVERSITY |
|---|
Principal Investigator |
HAYAMI Masanori Professor, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, ウイルス研究所, 教授 (40072946)
|
|---|
| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
IDO Eiji Instructor, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, ウイルス研究所, 助手 (70183176)
MIURA Tomoyuki Instructor, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, ウイウス研究所, 助手 (40202337)
ZEKENG Leopo ヤウンデ大学病院(カメルーン), 講師
MUBARAK Osei ガーナ大学, 野口医学研究所, 室長
ALLAN Dixon ビル国際医学研究センター (フランス), 主任研究員
ROBERT Chegg 霊長類センター (ケニア), 研究員
|
|---|
| Project Period (FY) |
1993 – 1995
|
| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1995)
|
| Budget Amount *help |
¥16,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥16,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥5,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥5,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1993: ¥5,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,500,000)
|
|---|
| Keywords | AIDS / Africa / HIV / Cameroon / Double infection / recombination / SIV / 分子疫学 / ガーナ / ケニア / ガボン / レトロウイルス |
|---|
| Research Abstract |
1.Since the discovery of HIV-1 and HIV-2 as causative agents of AIDS,efforts have been directed towards understanding the origins and evolutionary history of HIV.HIV-1 and HIV-2 are closely related to primate lentiviruses (SIV). In this project, we have studied the diversity of related nonhuman primate lentiviruses and speculated on the origins of HIV in Africa. In this 3 years, we concentrated to clarify the molecular epidemiology of HIV in Cameroon and to assess the incidence of mixed-infection and recombination.
2.Forty eight HIV (47 HIV-1, one HIV-2) were obtained from Cameroonian AC,ARC and AIDS patients in 1994 and 1995. Part of the pol region suitable for comparing all the groups of HIV-related lentiviruses and part of the HIV-1 env region including the V3 loop were amplified by nested PCR,sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed.
3.The majority of Cameroonian HIV-1s belonged to clade A (32), but the rest belonged to various clades : clade B (2), clade C (2), Clade D (2), clade E (1), Clade F (4) and group O (4). In the pol analysis, two different types were found in four individuals (HIV-2a and HIV-1 clade A,HIV-1 group O and clade A,clades A and C,and clades C and F), suggesting double infections with different HIV-1 subtypes or groups.
4.Various mixed-infection such as between different clades of HIV-1 group M,between HIV-1 and HIV-2, and even between HIV-1 groups O and M were confirmed at a rather high frequency (around 10%) in the analyzed specimens. Some of the data suggested recombination between different clades of HIV-1 group M were also obtained. Thus phylogenetic analysis based on the pol and env regions provided a new insight to the understanding of HIV phylogeny.
|
