| Project/Area Number |
05044006
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | Joint Research |
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| Research Institution | KYOTO UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
MATSUZAWA Tetsuro Primate Res.Inst., Kyoto Univ., Professor, 霊長類研究所, 教授 (60111986)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
HERBERT Terr コロンビア大学, 心理学部, 教授
TOMONAGA Masaki Primate Res.Inst., Kyoto Univ., Instructor, 霊長類研究所, 助手 (70237139)
FUJITA Kazuo Primate Res.Inst., Kyoto Univ., Associate Professor, 霊長類研究所, 助教授 (80183101)
KOJIMA Shozo Primate Res.Inst., Kyoto Univ., Professor, 霊長類研究所, 教授 (70027499)
TERRACE Herbert Dept. of Psychology, Columbia Univ.
HERMSTEIN Ri ハーバード大学, 心理学部, 教授
TERRACE Herb コロンビア大学, 心理学部, 教授
RICHARD Herr ハーバード大学, 心理学部, 教授
MURRAY Sidma ニューイングランド自閉症研究センター, 研究員
IVER Iversen 北フロリダ大学, 心理学部, 準教授
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| Project Period (FY) |
1993 – 1995
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1995)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥10,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥3,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥3,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1993: ¥3,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000)
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| Keywords | evolution / intelligence / chimpanzee / Comparative Cognitive Science / perception / face recognition / Ingitudinal observation / 道具使用 / 知性 / 言語 / 推論 / 錯視 / 視覚探索 / 進化 / 霊長類 / 記憶 / ラテラリティー / 行動分析 |
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| Research Abstract |
This study aimed to clarify the evolution of inntelligence. The study team has concentrated on visual cognition in chimpanzees. The approach may be described as Comparative Cognitive Science (CCS).This new discipline aims to understand human cognition from an evolutionary perspective. The research method is characterized by the comparison of the performance of different species based on an unified objective scale. For that purpose, human performance and chimpanzee performance were compared using the same test apparatus and following the same test procedure. Our colleagues and us have studied the visual world of chimpanzees in comparison with that of hamans. The long-term project started in 1978 when the main subject named "Ai" was about one and a half year old. We have 10 chimpanzees in a group now at Primate Research Institute. The question was, how do chimpanzees see the world? We have studied color perception, form perception, visual acuity, complex pattern recognition, face recogni
… More
tion, and the concept of number in both humans and chimpanzees under the same test situation using a computer-controlled apparatus. In a recent study, two chimpanzees were trained to touch a video-monitor screen to draw a letter of the alphabet. Both subjects successfully drew letters on a screen when a sample letter with thin white lines appeared on a screen. One of them, Ai, can draw a parallel line with the same length when a sample line and a starting point were shown on the monitor.These skills are a step for the chimpanzees actually to construct visual symbols. In addition to these efforts, we also carried out lngitudinal observation of chimpanzee behavior in Arhnem colony. We also invited foreign researcher for discussing the research technique like visual search. We had a semi-closed symposium in the IEC meeting on the evolution of intelligence. Future research based on Comparative Cognitive Science will focus on the continuity and discontinuity of intelligence in humans and nonhman primates. Less
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