| Project/Area Number |
05044160
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | Joint Research |
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| Research Institution | Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University |
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Principal Investigator |
TAKADA Y. Kyoto University, professor, 医学部, 教授 (30029772)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
PAL A. National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, 研究員
NAIR G.B. National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, 上級研究員
YAMASAKI S. Kyoto University, 医学部, 助手 (70221653)
KURAZONO H. Kyoto University, 医学部, 助手 (90186487)
西渕 光昭 京都大学, 医学部, 助教授 (50189304)
NISHIBUCHI M. Kyoto University
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| Project Period (FY) |
1993
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1993)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1993: ¥3,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000)
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| Keywords | enteric diseases / rapid diagnosis / bead-ELISA / PCR / cholera / cholera toxin / 0139 Bengal |
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| Research Abstract |
Study on rapid diagnosis of enteric diseases
Rapid diagnoses of bacterial infections are quite necessary not only to do an appropriate therapy but also to assess a control measure of infectious diseases. Current methods to diagnose bacterial infections depend mostly on identification of causative agents. However, this method requires at least 24-48 hours after the specimens become available at diagnosis laboratory. In this study, we developed two rapid identification methods : one is immunological method and the other is genetic method.
The immunological method, bead-ELISA to detect the causative toxins of enteric diseases show a very high sensitivity and detect 20-100 mg/ml of the toxin in the samples. Thus, we applied this method direct to stool specimens of cholera patients admitted to Infectious Diseases Hospital, Calcutta, India. It was found that the bead-ELISA for cholera toxin was more sensitive than culture method and we could diagnose cholera patients 4-5 hours after the stool specimens became available.
As a genetic method, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of cholera toxin gene was developed and applied it directly stool specimens. After the stool specimens were diluted 50-100 times, PCR was successfully applied and it was found that the PCR was most sensitive and reliable among 3 methods examined, that is, CPR, bead-ELISA and culture method.
In October 1992, a new cholera outbreak was emerged in Madras, India and it spread very quickly in whole India and Bangladesh. The bead-ELISA and PCR developed in this study was very useful to chase the appeared of this new cholera in Indian subcontinent.
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