植物ホルモンによる細胞形態構築の制御機構

• Project/Area Number: 05276101
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Research Institution: Nagoya University
• Principal Investigator: 今関 英雅 (今関 秀雅) 名古屋大学, 名誉教授 (90023431)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 山田 康之 奈良先端科学技術大学院大学, 学長 (50026415) ; 長田 敏行 東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (10012519) ; 山本 興太郎 (山本 興太朗) 北海道大学, 大学院・地球環境科学研究科, 教授 (80142008) ; 室伏 旭 東京大学, 大学院・農学生命科学研究科, 教授 (00011916) ; 柴岡 弘郎 大阪大学, 名誉教授 (60087054) ; 高橋 信孝 東京大学, 名誉教授 (10011826)
• Project Period (FY): 1997
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 1997)
• Budget Amount: ¥44,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥44,200,000); Fiscal Year 1997: ¥3,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000); Fiscal Year 1996: ¥10,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,500,000); Fiscal Year 1995: ¥11,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,700,000); Fiscal Year 1994: ¥10,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,000,000); Fiscal Year 1993: ¥9,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,000,000)
• Keywords: 植物ホルモン / 細胞形態の構築 / エチレン生合成の制御 / 表層微小管の配向 / 細胞壁の再構築 / イソ遺伝子の機能分担 / 研究取りまとめ / 研究統括 / 研究総括 / 植物ホルモンの生合成 / 植物ホルモンの作用機構 / 植物細胞形態の構築

Research Abstract

本研究は、平成5年度から平成8年度まで実施した重点領域研究(1)「植物ホルモンによる細胞形態構築の制御機構」に参画した計画研究班及び公募研究採択研究者の研究成果を取りまとめ、報告書を作成したもので、その成果の概要は以下の通りである。
1)植物ホルモン生合成の調節機構:細胞形態に大きな影響を与え、生合成遺伝子が単離されているエチレンに重点を置き、生合成の律速酵素 1‐アミノシクロプロパン‐1‐カルボン酸合成酵素(ACS)の各イソ遺伝子の発現特異性を明らかにし、本遺伝子発現調節のネットワークを提唱した。
2)植物ホルモンで誘導される遺伝子の解析:オーシキンで発現が調節される数種の遺伝子を新たに単離した。その3種の発現制御領域を特定した、オーキシンによる発現調節機構には多様性があることを確立した。また、茎の伸長がオーキシンに非感受性のシロイヌナズナ変異体を発見し、オーキシンの伸長促進機構が根と茎とで異なることを明らかにした。
3)植物ホルモンによる微小管配列方向変化の調節:植物ホルモンによる表小微小管の方向制御の機構を明らかにした。表小微小管は縦方向、横方向へと周期的に変化しており、異なった植物ホルモンが縦から横へ、横から縦への変化に関与する蛋白質のリン酸化、脱リン酸化を制御することを提唱した。また、細胞分裂面に形成される隔板成装置の形成に関与する微小管付随キネシン様蛋白質を発見、その遺伝子を単離した。
4)細胞壁を緩み、再構築に関与する酵素の同定と機能解析:細胞成長に伴う、細胞壁再構築に関与する新酵素キシログルカン転移酵素(EXGT)を発見しその遺伝子を単離した。植物ホルモンによって遺伝子発現が調節され、伸長促進に必須の遺伝子であることを証明した。
5)葉肉細胞の導管要素細胞への分化における植物ホルモンの機能を明らかにした。

Research Products

• [Publications] Yoon,I.S.: "VR‐ACS6 is an auxin‐inducible l‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid synthase gene in mungbean(Vigna radiata)" Plant and Cell Physiology. 38 3. 217-224 (1997)
• [Publications] Watahiki,M.K.: "The massugul mutation of Arabidopsisi identified with failure of auxin‐induced grwoth curvature of hypocotyl confers auxin insensitiviey to hypocoytl and leaf." Plant Physiology. 115. 419-426 (1997)
• [Publications] Hashimoto,H.: "Three more members of the Aux/.IAA gene family from mung bean(Vigna radiata)hypocotyl." Plant Physiology. 115. 315 (1997)
• [Publications] Perata,P.: "Sugar repression of gibberellin‐dependent signaling pathway in barley embryos." Plant Cell. 9. 2197-2208 (1997)
• [Publications] Umemura,T.: "Sugar Sensing and alpha‐amylase gene repression in rice embryos." Planta. (印刷中). (1998)
• [Publications] Loreti,E.: "Effect of anoxia on gibberellic acid‐induced protease and beta‐amylase processing in barley seeds." Journal of Plant Physiology. (印刷中). (1998)
• [Publications] Mayumi,K.: "The cyclic reorientation of cortical microtubules on walls with a crossed polyamellate structure: effects of plant hormones and an inhibitor of protein kinases on the progression of the cycle." Protoplasma. 195. 112-122 (1996)
• [Publications] Shibaoka,H.: "aThe use of model systems prepared from tobacco BY‐2 cells for studies of the plant cytoskeleton." Journal of Microscopy. 181. 145-152 (1996)
• [Publications] Miyake,T.: "Role of cytoskeletal components in the migration of nuclei during the cell cycle transition from G1 phase to S phase of tobacco BY‐2 cells." Journal of Plant Physioology. 150. 528-536 (1996)
• [Publications] Mitsui,T.: "Physicochemical and serological characterization of rice alpha‐amylase isoforms and identification of their corresponding genes." Plant Physiology. 110. 1395-1404 (1996)
• [Publications] Abe,T.: "Changes in alpha‐amylase activity during plant regeneration from rice calli." Journal of Plant Physiology. 149. 592-598 (1996)
• [Publications] Yamaguchi,S.: "Molecular cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding the gibberellin biosynthetic enzyme ent‐kaurene synthase B from pumpkin(Cucurbita maxima)" Plant Journal. 10. 203-213 (1996)
• [Publications] Kurata,T.: "Light‐stimulated elongation in Arabidipsis thaliana." Journal of Plant Physiology. 151. 346-351 (1996)
• [Publications] Sakai,T.: "Analysis of promoter of the auxin‐inducible gene,parC of tobacco." Plant and Cell Physiology. 37. 906-913 (1996)
• [Publications] Ishida,T.: "The mode of expression and promoter analysis of the arcA gene,an auxin‐regulated gene in tobacco BY‐2 cells." Plant and Cell Physiology. 37. 439-448 (1996)
• [Publications] Kusabe,M.: "A multiple‐stimuli‐responsive as‐1 related element of parA gene confers responsiveness to cadmium but not copper." Plant Physiology. 111. 1161-1167 (1996)
• [Publications] Shikanai,Y.: "Construction of PCR‐based CAPS markers for rapid genome mapping." Plant Tissue Culture Letters. 13. 91-95 (1996)
• [Publications] Sato,F.: "Ethylene‐induced gene expression of osmotin‐like protein,a neutral isoform of tobacco PR‐5,is mediated by the ACCCGCC cis‐sequence." Plant and Cell Physiology. 37. 249-255 (1996)
• [Publications] 今関英雅編: "植物ホルモンと細胞の形" 学会出版センター, 210 (1998)
• [Publications] Yoon,I.S.,Mori,H.,Imaseki,H.,Kang,B.G.: "VR-ACS6 is an auxin-inducible 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene in mungbean (Vigna radiata)" Plant Cell Physiol.38(印刷中). (1997)
• [Publications] Sakai,T.,Takahashi,Y.Nagata,T.: "Analysis of promoter of the auxin-inducible gene,parC,of tobacco." Plant Cell Physiol.37. 906-913 (1996)
• [Publications] Ishida,T.,Takahashi,Y Nagata,T.: "The mode of expression and promoter analysis of the arcA gene,an auxin-regulated gene in tobacco BY-2 cells." Plant Cell Physiol.37. 439-448 (1996)
• [Publications] Kusaba,M.,Takahashi,Y.Nagata,T.: "A multiple-stimuli-responsive as-1 related element of parA gene confers responsiveness to dadmium but not copper." Plant Physiol.111. 1161-1167 (1996)
• [Publications] Shikanai,Y.,Utsuno,K.Hashimoto,T.,Yamada,Y.: "Construction of PCR-based CAPS markers for genome mapping." Plant Tissue Culture Lett.13. 91-95 (1996)
• [Publications] Sato,F.,Kitajima,S.,Koyama,T.,Yamada,Y.: "Ethylene-induced gene expression of osmotin-like protein,a neutral isoform of tobacco PR-5,is mediatted by the AGCCGCC cis-sequence." Plant Cell Physiol.37. 249-255 (1996)
• [Publications] Yamaguchi,S.,Saito,T.,Abe,H.,Yamane,H.et al: "Molecular cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding the gibberellin biosynthetic enzyme ent-kaurene synthase B from pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima L.)" Plant J.10. 203-213 (1996)
• [Publications] Yamauchi,T.,Oyama,N.,Yamane,H.,Murofushi,N.: "Identificationo f antheridiogens in Lygodium circinnatum and Lygodium flexuosum." Plant Physiol.111. 741-745 (1996)
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• [Publications] Noriji,H.,Sugimori,M.Yamane,H.,Nishimura,Y.: "Involvement of Jasmonic acid in elicitor-induced phytoalexin production in suspension cultured rice cells." Plant Physiol.110. 387-392 (1996)
• [Publications] Nakasse,M.,Yamada,T.,Kira,T.,Yamaguchi,J.ら: "The same nuclear proteins bind to the 5'-flanking regions of the rice seed storage protein,16kDa albumin,13kDa prolamin and typeII glutelin genes." Plant Mol.Biol.32. 621-630 (1996)
• [Publications] Ono,M.,Sage-Ono,M.,Inoue,M.,Kamada,H.ら: "Transient increase in the level of mRNA for a germin-like protein in leaves of the short-day plant Pharbitis nil during photoperiodic induction of flowr" Plant Cell Physiol.37. 855-861 (1996)
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• [Publications] Vera,A.,Hirose,T.,Sugiura,M.: "A ribosomal protein gene (rpl32) fromn tobacco chloroplast DNA is transcribed from alternative promoters : similarities in promoter region organizat" Mol.Gen.Genet.251. 518-525 (1996)
• [Publications] Fujita,H.,Syono,K.: "genetic analysis of the action of polar auxin transport inhibitor on root growth in Arabidopsis thaliana." Plant Cell Physiol.37. 1094-1096 (1996)
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• [Publications] Hamada,H.: "Stabilization of cortical microtubules in maize mesocotyl cells by gibberellin A_3." Pland and Cell Physiology. 35. 1955-1955 (1994)
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• [Publications] Takahashi,Y.: "Expression of the auxin-regulated parA gene in transgenic tobacco and nuclear localization of its gene products." Planta. (印刷中). (1995)
• [Publications] Asada,T.: "Isolation of polypepti8des with microtubule-translocating activity from phragmoplasts of tobacco BY2 cells." Journal Cell Science. 107. 2249-2257 (1994)
• [Publications] Hamada,H.: "Stabilization of cortical microtubules in maize mesocotyl cells by gibberellin A_3." Pland and Cell Physiology. 35. 1955-1955 (1994)
• [Publications] Shibaoka,H.: "Plant hormone-induced changes in the orientation of cortical microtubules:alterations in the cross-linking between microtubules and plasma membrane." Annual Review of Plant Physiology,and Plant Molecular Biology. 45. 527-544 (1994)
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• [Publications] Miki,T.: "Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase from melon fruits." Plant Physiology. (印刷中). (1995)
• [Publications] Takahashi,Y.: "Expression of the auxin-regulated parA gene in transgenic tobacco and nuclear localization of its gene products." Planta. (印刷中). (1995)
• [Publications] F.Ishige: "Cloning of a complementary DNA that encodes an acidic chitinase which is induced by ethylene and expression of the corresponding gene." Plant Cell Physiol.34. 103-111 (1993)
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