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形態形成の調節機構-初期発生を制御する分子機構

Research Project

Project/Area Number 05277104
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

浅島 誠  東京大学, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 教授 (00090564)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 西田 宏記  東京工業大学, 生命理工学部, 助教授 (60192689)
安倍 眞一  熊本大学, 理学部, 教授 (90109637)
村松 喬  名古屋大学, 医学部, 教授 (00030891)
杉野 弘  徳島大学, 酵素科学研究所, 教授 (50211305)
上野 直人  北海道大学, 薬学部, 教授 (40221105)
佐藤 矩行  京都大学, 理学部, 教授 (30025481)
岡田 益吉  筑波大学, 生物科学系, 教授 (60015534)
山名 清隆  九州大学, 理学部, 教授 (20037162)
Project Period (FY) 1993 – 1996
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1996)
Budget Amount *help
¥193,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥193,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥47,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥47,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥44,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥44,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥57,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥57,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1993: ¥45,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥45,900,000)
KeywordsTGF-β / アクチビン / BMP / フォリスタチン / ミドカイン / 生殖細胞 / 細胞系譜 / 遺伝子発現 / 神経誘導 / 内胚葉分化 / 胴尾部構造 / ミドカイニン / ビテロゲニン / ビテロジェニン / 筋分化 / 胚軸形成 / 神経分化 / 胚誘導 / T遺伝子 / 背腹軸 / 極細胞 / ミトコンドリア
Research Abstract

(1)本年度はアクチビンやBMPの受容体ファミリーの初期発生におけるシグナル伝達の特異性について解析した。アクチビン受容体と考えられているALK-2、BMP受容体と考えられているALK-3およびALK-6を構成的活性型とし、初期胚の腹側あるいは背側領域に過剰発現させ、背腹軸形成に及ぼす影響について検討した。
(2)細胞表層ヘパラン硫酸に親和性をもつフォリスタチン(FS)は、アクチビンのビテロゲニンへの結合能を高め、より効率的にアクチビンを卵黄小板へ移送した。また、アクチビンはツメガエル胞胚期の動物半球細胞表層にFSを介して結合した後、エンドサイトーシスにより細胞内へ取り込まれて分解された。こうしたアクチビン分解系は、ツメガエル初期発生での神経誘導に際し、アクチビンシグナルの遮断機構として働いているらしい。
(3)ミッドカインの作用機構について研究し、神経突起伸長の際はシンデカンおよびNーシンデカンといったヘパラン硫酸プロテオグリカンのヘパリン様糖鎖ドメインの識別が基本的に重要であることを明らかにした。一方、サイトカン様活性を示す時はヘパリン様糖鎖の作用は間接的で13kDaの受容体が存在した。ミッドカインはアクチビンによる中胚葉誘導を阻害し、その結果頭部神経の分化を促進することも判明した。
(4)イモリ精巣断片の器官培養において、ヒトIGF-Iが精原細胞の増殖を促進し、減数分裂を開始させることが明らかになった。更に、PT-PCRによって、イモリSHリセプター(FSHR)の細胞外部分をコードする約800bpのcDNAクローンを得た。
(5)ホヤ胚の不等卵割に関わる構造として、Centrosome-Attracting Body(CAB)と名付けた構造を発見し、その機能を解析した。CABは胚の後極に形成され、中心体及び核を引きつけることにより不等卵割を引き起こす。

Report

(4 results)
  • 1996 Annual Research Report
  • 1995 Annual Research Report
  • 1994 Annual Research Report
  • 1993 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (29 results)

All Other

All Publications (29 results)

  • [Publications] Okabayashi,K.,et al: "cDNA Cloning and Expression of the Xenopus leavis Vitellogenin receptor." Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.224. 406-413 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Shibuya,H.,et al: "TAB1,an activator for TAKI MAPKKK requlating TGF-β signal transduction." Science. 272. 1179-1182 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Winter,J.P.,et al: "Follistatins neutralize activin bioactivity by inhibition of activin binding to its type II receptors." Molec.Cell Endocrinology. 116. 105-114 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kojima,T.,et al: "Human Ryudocan from endotherial-cell birds basic fibroblast growth factor,and tissue factor pathway inhibitor." J.Biol.Chemistry. 271. 5914-5920 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Abe,S.,et al: "Endoderm-specific gene expression in embryonic stem cells differentiated to embryoid bodies." Exp.Cell Res.229. 27-34 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hishida,H.: "Vegetal egg cytoplasm promotes gastrulation and its responsible for specification of acidian Halocynthia roretzi." Development. 122. 1271-1279 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 浅島 誠: "図解 生物科学講座(3)「発生生物学」" 朝倉書店, 182 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 浅島 誠 他: "英語論文セミナー「現代の発生生物学」" 講談社サイエンティフック, 168 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kinoshita,K.et al.: "Effect of activin and lithium on isolated Xenopus animal blastomeres and response alteration at the midblastula transition" Development. 121. 1581-1589 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ariizumi,T.et al.: "Control of the embryunic body plan of the newt by activin A: Time-dependent induction properties of the activin-treated ectoderm." Roux′Archives Develop. Biol.204. 427-435 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamaguchi,K.et al.: "Identification of a novel member of MAPKKK as a potential mediator of TGF-b signal transduction." Science. 270. 2008-2011 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Mishina,Y.et al.: "Bmpr encodes a tyoe I bone morphogenetic protein receptor that is essential for gastrulation during mouse embryogenesis." Genes Dev.9. 302-304 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sekiguchi,K.et al.: "Restricted expression of Xenopus midkine gene during early development" J.Biochemisty. 118. 94-100 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nakano,H.et al.: "Comparison of Mesoderm-Inducing Activity with Monomeric and Dimeric Inhibin Alpha and Beta-A Subunits Xenopus Xenopus Ectoderm" Hormone Research. 44. 15-22 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Matsubara,S.et al.: "Mapping and Characterization of a retinoic acid-responsive enhancer of midkine,a novel heparin-binding growth/differentiation factor with neurotrophic activity." J.Biochem.115. 1088-1096 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Muramatsu,H.et al.: "Localization of heparin-binding,neurite outgrowth and antigenic regions in midkine molecule." Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.203. 1131-1139 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Maeno,M.et al.: "Regulation of primary erythropoiesis in the ventral mesoderm of Xenopus gastrula embryo: Evidence for the expression of a stimulation factor(s) in animal pole tissue." Dev.Biol.161. 522-529 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Fukui,A.et al.: "Identification of activins A,AB,and B and follistatin proteins in the Xenopus embryos." Develop.Biol.163. 279-281 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] H.Uchiyama et al.: "Localization of activin and follistatin proteins in the Xenopus Oocyte" Biochem.Biophys. Res. Commun.202. 484-489 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] A.Fukui et al.: "Control of cell differentiation and morphogenesis in amphibian development" Int.J.Develop.Biol.38. 257-266 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kinoshita,K.et al.: "Growth Factors: Cell Growth,Morphogenesis,and Transformation" Japanese Scientific Societies Press, 178 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] A.Fukui,et al.: "Isolation and Characterization of Xenopus Follistatin and Activins" Developmental Biology. 159. 131-139 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kinoshita,K.,T.Bessho and M.Asashima: "Competence Prepattern in the Animal Hemisphere of the 8-Cell-Stage Xenopus Embryo" Develop.Biol.160. 276-284 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yasuo,H.and Satoh,N.: "Function of vertebrate T gene." Nature. 364. 582-583 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Fujisue,Y.Kobayakawa et al.: "Occurrence of dorsal axis-inducing activity around the vegetal pole of an uncleaved Xenopus egg and displacement to the equatorial region by cortical rotation" Development. 118. 163-170 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Kobayashi,R.Amikura et al.: "Presence of mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA outside mitochondria in germ plasm of Drosophila melanogaster" Science. 260. 1521-1524 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] A.Suzuki et al.: "Biochemical properties of amphibian bone morphogenetic protein-4 expressed in CHO cells." Biochem.J.291. 413-417 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kinoshita,K.and M.Asashima: "Growth factors(Gann Monograph)" Japan Scientific Societies Press(ed.by T.Nakamura)(in press), (1994)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Satoh,Noriyuki: "Developmental Biology of Ascidians.(Developmental and Cell biology series 29)" Cambridge University Press, 234 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1993-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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