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Functional Roles of the Top-Down Information Processing in Cognitive Processes

Research Project

Project/Area Number 05301011
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 実験系心理学
Research InstitutionUniversity of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

NIKI Hiroaki  University of Tokyo, Department of Psychology, Professor, 文学部, 教授 (10073074)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) HASEGAWA Toshikazu  University of Tokyo, Department of Humanities, Associate Professor, 教養学部, 助教授 (30172894)
MIZUNO Setsuko  Toyo-Gakuen University, Department of Humanities, Professor, 人文学部, 教授 (50141247)
TAKANO Yotaro  University of Tokyo, Department of Psychology, Associate Professor, 文学部, 助教授 (20197122)
TACHIBANA Masao  University of Tokyo, Department of Psychology, Professor, 文学部, 教授 (60132734)
NAKATANI Kazuo  Senshu University, Department of Psychology, Professor, 文学部, 教授 (00026816)
Project Period (FY) 1993 – 1994
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1994)
Budget Amount *help
¥10,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥4,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1993: ¥6,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,000,000)
Keywordstop-down processing / feedback / retina / frontal cortex / slice patch / attention / learning / mathematical models / サッケード / 眼球運動 / 視覚
Research Abstract

In order to elucidate the functional roles of the top-down processing, we conducted a series of physiological and psychological experiments along with mathematical analyzes. Responses of retinal cells to light stimulus were recorded in carp slice preparation using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Such preparations are found to be useful for studying feedback mechanisms in retina. Neuronal correlates of selective attention were obtained from the experiments in which single unit activity and field potential were recorded in the monkey prefrontal cortex. From the cognitive studies, temporal characteristics of the selective attention induced by an abrupt change in the visual field were featured in terms of the decision of the direction of apparent motion. In the psychophysical experiment of motion aftereffect, it was found that a concurrent task which required selective attention did not reduce the duration of the motion aftereffect of complex motion, such as expansion, contraction and rotation, though it did reduce that of simple translation. Other problems investigated in the psychological experiments of our proiect were as follows : yellow-blue mechanism in human color vision, color perception for daily objects, pitch perception of absolute pitch possessors and bias in probability judgment by humans. In the theoretical approach to the foundations of the mechanisms of human information processing, mathematical models were formulated and analyzed ; a new learning method was proposed in the analysis of neural network models, a computation model was formulated for human slit vision and a computation theory was proposed on the basis of the analysis of the relationship between feature detection and computational complexity.

Report

(3 results)
  • 1994 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1993 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (11 results)

All Other

All Publications (11 results)

  • [Publications] 坂上 雅道: "Encoding of bebavioral significance of visual stimuli by primate prefrontal neurons Relarion to relevant task conditions." Experimental Brain Research. 97. 423-436 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 坂上 雅道: "Spatial selectivity of go/no-go neurons in monkey prefrontal cortex." Experimental Brain Research. 100. 165-169 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 立花 政夫: "Regulation of intercellular free Ca^<2+> concentration in the presynaptic terminals of retinal bipolar cells" Biomedical Research(Supplement). 15. 7-8 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 喜多 伸一: "特徴抽出の心理実験と並列処理の計算理論" 心理学評論. (印刷中).

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 日比野 治雄: "色:最近の研究動向" Vision. (印刷中).

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 二木宏明: "前頭葉と認知-サルの実験を中心に-" 神経研究の進歩. 37. 34-43 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 坂上雅道: "Encoding of behavioral significance of visual stimull by primate prefrontal neurons:Relation to relevant task conditions" Experimental Brain Research. (印刷中).

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 立花政夫: "Dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium current mediates neurotransmitter release from Bipolar cells of the goldfish retina." The Journal of Neuroscience. 13. 2898-2909 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 重野 純: "The interdependence of pitch and temporal judgements by absolute pitch possessors." Perception & Psychophysics.54. 682-692 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 高野陽太郎: "A temporary decline of thinking ability during foreign language processing." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 24. 445-462 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 立花政夫: "知覚と認知の心理学4 知覚の機序" 培風館, 200 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1993-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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