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Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation on Various Roles of Root in Whole Crop Plant Physiology

Research Project

Project/Area Number 05404008
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 作物学
Research InstitutionTokyo University of Agriculture and Technology

Principal Investigator

ISHIHARA Kuni  Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Professor, 農学部, 教授 (70014925)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) OOKAWA Taiichiro  Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Assistan, 農学部, 助手 (80213643)
HIRASAWA Tadashi  Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Associat, 農学部, 助教授 (30015119)
Project Period (FY) 1993 – 1996
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1996)
Budget Amount *help
¥34,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥34,400,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥2,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥5,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥11,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1993: ¥16,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥16,000,000)
KeywordsCytokinin / Drought tolerance / Hydrotropism / Photosynthesis / Root system development / Salt tolerance / Senescence / Water uptake capacity / 降伏圧 / 細胞伸長 / ダイズ / 接木 / 葉の老化 / マングローブ / 水ポテンシャル / 土壌乾燥 / 蒸散 / 乾燥害 / 吸水 / 急性萎凋 / ミニリゾトロン / 白穂 / アケノホシ / 光合成速度 / 出液速度 / 水稲 / 根の活性 / 品種間差
Research Abstract

Roots have various functions such as uptake of water and inorganic nutrients and synthesis of various compounds including plant hormones. They also show the various responses to environmental conditions. This research was conducted to evaluate the role of root in whole crop plant physiology. The results obtained are as follows.
(1) In soybeans, drought-tolerance is remarkable and the decrease in dry matter and grain production was small in the cultivars with developed expansive root systems. Mangrove trees growing in the sea water area along the coast could maintain their turgor because they could absorb ground water running out from the land.
(2) Root hydrotropism might occur after perception of a difference in water potential by the root tip. Roots could perceive the small gradient of water potential and bend hydrotropically in vermiculite.
(3) In the crop plants with well developed root systems and with roots of high physiological activity, root water uptake capacity was high and the midday and afternoon reduction in photosynthetic rate was small. And also the reduction in photosynthetic rate with age was small in these plants.
(4) Summer field crop plants in Japan would develop shoots but poor root systems during the rainy season called "Baiu". This would enlarge the adverse effects of soil moisture depletion on dry matter production under the deficient soil moisture conditions and would decrease the efficiency of the irrigated water-use in summer thereafter.
(5) Exudation rate was large and leaf senescence was slow during the ripening stage in rice plants cv. Akenohoshi compared with cv. Nipponbare. The larger amounts of cytokinins, in particular conjugated Zeatin, was transported from the roots to the shoots in the former than the latter.

Report

(5 results)
  • 1996 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1995 Annual Research Report
  • 1994 Annual Research Report
  • 1993 Annual Research Report

Research Products

(53 results)

All Other

All Publications

  • [Publications] Hirasawa,T.: "The resistance to water transport from roots to the leaves at the different positions on a stem in rice and soybean plants." Proceedings of the First Asian Crop Science Conference. 1. 321-328 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Jiang,D.A.: "Depression of photosynthesis in rice plant with low root activity following soluble starch application to the soil." Japan Journal of Crop Science. 63. 531-538 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Jiang,D.A.: "The difference of diurnal changes in photosynthesis in rice plants with different root activities induced by soluble starch application to the soil." Japan Journal of Crop Science. 63. 539-545 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ishihara,K.: "Stomatal and nonstomatal inhibition of photosynthesis in rice grown under submerged conditions." Proceedings of U.S.-Japan Binational Seminar "Environmental Stress and Phtosynthesis,Physiological and Molecular Approaches.69-71 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirasawa,T.: "Effects of Preflowering soil moisture dificits on dry matter production and ecophysiological characteristics in soybean plants under drought conditions during grain filling." Japan Journal of Crop Science. 63. 721-730 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirasawa,T.: "Minirhizotron method for measuring root system of soybean plants growing in the field." Japan Journal of Crop Science. 64. 78-85 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Soejima,H.: "Changes in the chlorophyll contents of leaves and in leaves of cytokinins in root exadates during ripening of rice cultivars Nipponbare and Akenohoshi." Plant Cell Physiology. 136. 1105-1114 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 飛田 有支: "土壌水分低下に対するダイズの生育反応の品種間差." 日本作物学会紀事. 64. 565-572 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 飛田 有支: "低土壌水分条件におけるダイズの乾物生産と根系発達の品種間の相違." 日本作物学会紀事. 64. 573-580 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirasawa,T.: "Stomatal responses to water deficits and abscisic acid in leaves of sunflower plants(Helianthus annuus L.)grown under different conditions." Plant Cell Physiology. 136. 955-964 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Xu,Y.F.: "Physiological and ecological characteristics of high yielding cultivars in rice(Oryza sativaL.)-Comparison in yield and dry matter production between cultivars,Takanari and Nipponbare." Proceedings of the 2nd Asian Crop Science Conference.2. 408-409 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 若林 克拓: "葉の水ポテンシャルの低下に伴う光合成低下の要因の検討-赤外線Co_2分析法と気相酸素電極法を用いて-" 日本作物学会紀事. 65. 590-598 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 徐 銀発: "水稲多収性品種タカナリの収量と乾物生産過程の解析-1991年から1994年の4年間-." 日本作物学会紀事. 66. 42-50 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirasawa,T.: "Water potential,turgor and cell water properties in elongating tissues of the hydrotropically bending roots of pea(Pisum sativum L.)." Plant Cell and Environment.20.(印刷中). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 石原 邦: "水環境に対する植物の反応について." 土壌の物理性. 76.(印刷中). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirasawa, T.: "The resistance to water transport from roots to the leaves at the different positions on a stem in rice and soybean plants" Proceedings of the First Asian Crop Science Conference.321-328 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Jiang, D.A: "Depression of photosynthesis in rice plant with low root activity following soluble starch application to the soil." Japan Journal of Crop Science. 63(3). 531-538 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Jiang, D.A: "The difference of diurnal changes in photosynthesis in rice plants with different root activities induced by soluble starch application to the soil." Japan Journal of Crop Science. 63(3). 539-543 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ishihara, K.: "Stomatal and nonstomatal inhibition of photosynthesis in rice grown under submerged conditions." Proceedings of U.S.-Japan Binational Seminar "Environmental Stress and Photosynthesis, Physiological and Molecular Approaches". 69-71 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirasawa, T.: "Effects of pre-flowering soil moisture dificits on dry matter production and ecophysiological characteristics in soybean plants under drought conditions during grain filling." Japan Journal of Crop Science. 63(4). 721-730 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirasawa, T.: "Minirhizotron method for measuring root system of soybean plants growing in the field." Japan Journal of Crop Science. 64(1). 78-85 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Soejima.H.: "Changes in the chlorophyll contents of leaves and in leaves of cytokinins in root exduates during ripening of rice cultivars Nipponbare and Akenohoshi." Plant & Cell Physiology. 136(6). 1105-1114 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hida, Y.: "Varietal Differences in Growth Response of Soybean to Soil Moisture Depletion." Japan Journal of Crop Science. 64(3). 565-572 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hida, Y.: "Difference in dry matter production and root system development between soybean cultivars under deficient soil moisture conditions" Japan Journal of Crop Science. 64(3). 573-580 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirasawa, T.: "Stomatal responses to water deficits and abscisic acid in leaves of sunflower plants (Helianthus ammus L.) grown under different conditions." Plant & Cell Physiology. 136(6). 955-964 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Xu, Y.F.: "Physiological and ecological characteristics of high yielding cultivars in rice (Oryza sativa L.) -Comparison in yield and dry matter production between cultivars, Takanari and Nipponbare." Proceedings of the 2nd Asian Crop Science Conference.Vol.2. 408-409 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Wakabayashi, K.: "Analysis of photosynthesis depression under low leaf water potential by comparison of CO_2 exchange and O_2 evolution rates." Japan Journal of Crop Science. 65(4). 590-598 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Xu, Y.F.: "Analysis of the dry matter production process and yield formation of the high-yielding rice cultivar Takanari, from 1991 to 1994" Japan Journal of Crop Science. 66(1). 42-50 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirasawa, T.: "Water potential, turgor and cell water properties in elongating tissues of the hydrotropically bending roots of pea (Pisum sativum L.)" Plant, Cell and Environment. (In Press). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Ishihara, K.: "Response of plants to water environments." Soil Physical Conditions and Plant Growth, Japan. (In press). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 若林,克拓: "葉の水ポテンシャルの低下に伴う光合成低下の要因の検討-赤外線CO_2分析法と気相酸素電極法を用いて-" 日本作物学会紀事. 65巻・4号. 590-598 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirasawa,T.: "Water Potential,turgor and cell water properties in elongating tissues of the hydrotropically bending roots of pea(pisum sativum L.)" Plant Cell and Environment. 20巻(印刷中). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 徐,銀発: "水稲多収性タカナリの収量と乾物生産過程の解析-1991年から1994年の4年間-" 日本作物学会紀事. 66巻・1号(印刷中). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 石原,邦: "水環境に対する植物の反応について" 土壌の物理性. 76号(印刷中). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 平沢 正: "圃場に生育するダイズの根系をミニリゾトロン法を用いて測定する方法の検討" 日本作物学会紀事. 64. 78-85 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 斎藤邦行: "ダイズ複葉の運動と環境条件との関係第5報運動の品種間差異" 日本作物学会紀事. 64. 259-265 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 飛田有支: "低土壌水分低下に対するダイズの生育反応の品種間差" 日本作物学会紀事. 64. 565-572 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 飛田有支: "低土壌水分条件におけるダイズの乾物生産と根系発達の品種間の相違21GC04:日本作物学会紀事" 64. 573-581 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirasawa T.: "Stomatal Responses to Water Dfeicits and Abscisic Acid in Leaves of Sunfiower plants Grown under Different Conditions" Plant Cell Physiology. 955-964 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Soejima H.: "Changes in the Chlorophyll Contents of Leaves and in Leavels of Cytokinins in Root Exudates during Ripening of Rice Cultivars Nipponbare and Akenohoshi" Plant Cell Physiology. 36. 1105-1114 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Matovo T.: "Sclence of the Rice Plant vol.2 Physiology" Nobunkyo, 950 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Jiang.D.A: "Depression of photosynthesls in rice plant with low root activity following solable starch application to the soil." Jpn.J.Crop Sci. 63. 531-538 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Jiang.D.A: "The difference of diurnal changes in photosynthesls in rice plants with different root activities induced by solable starch application to the soil" Jpn.J.Crop Sci. 63. 539-545 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirasawa T: "Effects of pre-flowering soil moisture deficits on dry matter production and ecophysiclogioal characteristics in soybean plants under drought cenditions during graln filling" Jpn.J.Crop Sci. 63. 721-730 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirasawa T: "A minirhizotron method for measuring root system of soybean Plants growing in the field" Jpn.J.Crop Sci. 64. 78-85 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 飛田有支: "低土壌水分条件における地上部と地下部の生育のダイズ品種間差-エンレイとタチナガハの比較-" 日作紀. 63(別2). 119-120 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 平沢正: "根の吸水と吸水能力の推定" 農業および園芸. 70. 317-323 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 大川泰一郎: "水稲稈基部の曲げ応力に影響する細胞壁構成成分の品種間差異" 日本作物学会紀事. 62. 378-384 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 徐 銀発: "多収性水稲の生理生態的特徴について" 日本作物学会紀事. 62(1). 92-93 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 飛田 有支: "土壌水分低下に対する反応のダイズ品種間差" 日本作物学会紀事. 62(1). 96-97 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 若林克拓: "葉内水分の低下による光合成速度低下の要因の解析" 日本作物学会紀事. 62(1). 110-111 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 上原琢美: "水稲の葉身・小穂におけるABA含量の変化" 日本作物学会紀事. 62(2). 131-132 (1993)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 蒋 徳安: "根の生理的活性の減少に伴う水稲葉身の光合成速度低下の要因について" 日本作物学会紀事. 63(1)(発表予定). (1994)

    • Related Report
      1993 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1993-03-31   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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