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Antiferroelectricity and Intermolecular Interactions in Chiral Smectic Liquid Crystals

Research Project

Project/Area Number 06102005
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Physics
Research InstitutionTokyo Institute of Technology

Principal Investigator

FUKUDA Atsuo  Tokyo Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Professor, 工学部, 教授 (10013484)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) TAKANSHI Yoichi  Tokyo Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Research Associate, 工学部, 助手 (80251619)
ISHIKAWA Ken  Tokyo Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Associate Professor, 工学部, 助教授 (10176159)
TAKEZOE Hideo  Tokyo Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Professor, 工学部, 教授 (10108194)
Project Period (FY) 1994 – 1996
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1996)
Budget Amount *help
¥190,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥190,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥16,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥16,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥38,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥38,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥136,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥136,000,000)
Keywordsliquid crystal / antiferroelectricity / thresholdless antiferroelectricity / IR spectroscopy / NMR / CD spectroscopy / V-shaped switching / display / 反強誘電性液晶 / マラン分光 / 円偏光2色性(CD)分光 / 光カー効果 / 悪魔の階段 / ラマン分光 / キラルスメクティックCα相 / キラルスメクティックIA相 / キラルスメクティックCA相
Research Abstract

We have studied antiferroelectricity in liquid crystals from various viewpoints and established the P_X model ; the hindered rotational motion of molecules about their long axs produces spontaneous polarizations parallel to the tilt plane near smectic layr boundaries and stabilizes the antiferroelectric SC_A^<**> phase. Based on the P_X model, we have analyzed the frustration between ferro- and antiferro-electricity, introduced a novel concept, thresholdless antiferroelectricity (TLAF), and explained the V-shaped switching observed in a novel, apparently antiferroelectric liquid crystal mixture and usable in liquid crystal displays (LCDs) with active matrix electrodes. Details are :
1) Higher-order X-ray Bragg peaks indicated a correlation between the stable antiferroelectricity and higher smectic-layr order.
2) Spectroscopy clarified the following four facts :
(1) Polarized Raman confirmed the molecular arrangements in SC^<**> and SC_A^<**>.
(2) NMR and polarized IR (PIR) verified the ben … More t structure, the precessional motion and the biaxiality around the average chain axs of chiral alkyl chains in liquid crystal phases.
(3) PIR proved the hindrance of molecular rotational motion about their long axs and a difference in the hindered direction between SC^<**> and SC_A^<**>, assigning the threshold of the triastable switching to the barrier between the SC^<**> and SC_A^<**> hindered directions and suggesting the P_X model.
(4) PIR verified the chiral alkyl chain precessional motion, and NMR indicted its collective character.
3) The optical Kerr effect with 130 fs pump pulses dose not show any critical slowing down, indicating no coupling between the laser-induced molecular reorientation with tau-10^<11>s and the polarization.
4) Optical microscope observation of the subphases in free-standing films under temperature gradients supported Yamashita's ANNNI+J_3 model.
5) Electro-optical observation of an apparently antiferroelectric liquid crystall mixture showed the V-shaped switching, resulting in the TLAF based on the randomization and Langevin type alignment of director tilting from layr to layr.
6) PIR and NMR showed that the P_X model also holds in SI_A^<**>.
7) CD spectroscopy proved the dynamical character of the SC_<alpha> helicoidal structure, supporting a speculation of SC_<alpha> characterized by thermally excited C-director disclinations.
8) Dimer molecules with chiral units connected with polymethlene chain indicated the importance of dipole-dipole interaction in SC_A^<**>.
9) A 5 T superconducting magnet simplified the fabrication of liquid crystal cells, furthering to study the aligning mechanism and the defect structure. Less

Report

(4 results)
  • 1996 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1995 Annual Research Report
  • 1994 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (121 results)

All Other

All Publications (121 results)

  • [Publications] A.Fukuda,Y.Takanishi,T.Isozaki,K.Ishikawa and H.Takezoe: "FEATURE ARTICLE : Antiferroelectric Chiral Smectic Liquid Crystals" J.Mater. Chem.4. 997-1016 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Y.Takanishi,A.Ikeda,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Higher Smectic Layer Order Parameters in Liquid Crystals Determind by X-Ray Diffraction and the Effect of Antiferroelectricity" Phys. Rev. E.51. 400-406 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.H.Kim,K.Miyachi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Molecular Orientation and Switching Behavior in Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals Studied by Polarized Raman Scattering" Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.33. 5850-5859 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Y.Ouchi,Y.Yoshioka,H.Ishii,K.Seki,M.Kitamura,R.Noyori,Y.Takanishi and I.Nishiyama: "Effect of the Teminal Branching Structure of Some Liquid-crystalline Biphenyl Carbonylates on the Stability of Antiferroelectric Phase" J. Mater. Chem.5. 2297-2307 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.H.Kim,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Orientation of Alkyl Chains and Hindered Rotation of Carbonyl Group in the Smectic-C^* Phase of Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals Studied by FTIR" Phys. Rev. E. ERRATA Phys. Rev. E,. 51 52. 2166-2175 2120 (1995 1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Miyachi,J.Matsushima,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Spontaneous Polarization Parallel to the Tilt Plane in the Antiferroelectric Chiral Smectic-CA Phase of Liquid Crystals as Observed by Polarized Infrared Spectroscopy" Phys. Rev. E.52. R2153-R2156 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] B.Jin,Z.Ling,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda,M.Kakimoto and T.Kitazume: "Obliquely Projecting Chiral Alkyl Chains and Their Precession around the Long Core Axes in the Smectic-A Phase of an Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal" Phys. Rev. E.53. R4295-R4298 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] B.Jin,H.Yin,S.Yoshida,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda and M.Kakimoto: "Synthesis of Deuterated MHPOBC-d3 and MHPOBC-d43 and Behavior of Methyl Group near Chiral Carbon as Observed by Polarized FT-IR and NMR Spectroscopy" Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst.(in press). (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] S.Yoshida,B.Jin,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda and S.Miyajima: "Orientational Change of the Trifluoromethyl Group at the Ferroelectric-Antiferroelectric Transition Observed by NMR Spectroscopy" Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst.(in press). (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Miyachi,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Relaxation Time of Molecular Rotation about its Long Axis in the Smectic-A Phase of Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals as Observed by Picosecond Optical Kerr Effect" Phys. Rev. E.55,(in press). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Isozaki,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Subphases in Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystalline Binary Mixtures with Infinite Helical Pitch or Zero Spontaneous Polarization" Ferroelectrics.147. 121-134 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Miyachi,Y.Takanishi,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Fluctuation in the Ferrielectric Smectic-Cg^* Phase as Observed by Laser Beam Diffraction and Photon Correlation Spectroscopy" Ferroelectrics.147. 147-157 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Isozaki,T.Fujikawa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda,T.Hagiwata,Y.Suzuki and I.Kawamura: "Devil's Staircase Formed by Competing Interactions Stabilizing the Ferroelectric Smectic-C^* Phase and the Antiferroelectric Smecitc CA^* Phase in Liquid Crystalline Binary Mixtures" Phys. Rev. B.48. 13439-13450 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Isozaki,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda,Y.Suzuki and I.Kawamura: "Devil's Staircase and Racemization in Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals" J. Mater. Chem.4. 237-243 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Itoh,M.Kabe,K.Miyachi,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Devil's Staircase between Antiferroelectric SCA^* and Ferroelectric SC^* in Liquid Crystals Observed in Free-Standing Films under Temperature Gradients" J. Mater. Chem.4,(in press). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] A.Fukuda: "Pretransitional Effect in AF-F Switching : To suppress It or to Enhance It,That is the Question about AFLCD^S" Proc. of ASIA DISPLAY '95. Proc. 15th Int. Display Research Conf. -Asia Display '95- (Hamamatsu). 61-64 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] S.Inui,N.Iimura,T.Suzuki,H.Iwane,K.Miyachi,Y.Takanishi and A.Fukuda: "Thresholdless Antiferroelectricity in Liquid Crystals and its Application to Displays" J. Mater. Chem.6. 671-673 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] A.Fukuda,S.S.Seomun,T.Takahashi,Y.Takanishi and K.Ishikawa: "Tilting Correlation in Adjacent Layers and Possible Thresholdless Antiferroelectricity in SC^*-like Liquid Crystals" Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. E2.I01(155), ILCC16(Kent). (in press). (1996 1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] S.S.Seomun,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikwa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda,C.Tanaka,T.Fujiyama,T.Maruyama and S.Nishiyama: "Thresholdless Switching in Homogeneous Cells and Antiferroelectric Conoscopic Figures in Free-Standing Films as Observed in a Binary SC^*-Like Mixture" Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. C1P.31(P-131), ILCC16(Kent). (in press). (1996 1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] S.S.Seomun,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Evolution of Switching Characteristics from Tristable to V-Shaped in an Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal" Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.36,(submitted). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] S.S.Seomun,T.Gouda,T.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda,C.Tanaka,T.Fujiyama,T.Maruyama and S.Nishiyama: "Electrooptic Property of a Binary Mixture of Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Chiral Compounds Showing Thresholdless V-Shaped Switching" Extended Abstracts of The Third International Display Workshops,LCp 1-4 IDW'96/AM-LCD'96 (Kobe,November 27-29,1996). 61-64 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Y.Takanishi,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Hexatic Antiferroelectric SmIA^* Phase in MHPOCBC" Ferroelectrics. (Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals (Tokyo, 1993)). 147. 135-146 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M.Neundorf,Y.Takanishi,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda,S.Saito,K.Murashiro,T.Inukai and D.Demus: "Novel Type of Antiferroelectricity in the Hexatic Smectic IA^* Phase" J. Mater. Chem.5. (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] H.Yin,B.Jin,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda and M.Kakimoto: "Synthesis and Physical Properties of TFMHPNCBC-d" Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. D3P.21(P-211), ILCC16(Kent). (in press). (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] J.Li,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda and J.Watanabe: "Circular Dichroism in Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals" Liq. Cryst.18. 239-250 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Yamada,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda and M.A.Osipov: "Helical Structure in the Smectic Ca^* Phase Studied by Circular Dichroism" Phys. Rev. E.56,(submitted). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Ema,H.Yao,A.Fukuda,Y.Takanishi and H.Takezoe: "Non-Landau Critical Behavior of Heat Capacity at the Smectic-A-Smectic-Ca^* Transition of the Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal Methylheptyloxycarbonylphenyl Octyloxycalbonylbiphenyl Carboxylate" Phys. Rev. E.54. 4450-4453 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Hiraoka,Y.Uematsu,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Molecular Fluctuations in Smectic Phases Possessing Antiferroelectric Ordering" Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.35. 6157-6161 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Kusumoto,T.Isozaki,Y.Suzuki,Y.Takanishi,H.Takazoe, A.Fukuda and T.Hiyama: "The Importance of the Electric Interaction for Stabilizing the Antiferroelectric Smectic Liquid-Crystalline Phase" Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.34. L830-L832 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Y.Suzuki,T.Isozaki,S.Hashimoto,T.Kusumoto,T.Hiyama,Y.Takanishi,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Stability of the Antiferroelectric Phase in Dimeric Liquid Crystals Having Two Chiral Centres with CF3 or CH3 Groups; Evaluation of Conformational and Electric Interactions" J. Mater. Chem.6. 753-760 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Miyachi,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Does the Disclination Line Exist in a Homogeneously Aligned SmCA^* Cell?" Ferroelectrics. (Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals (Tokyo)). 149. 61-68 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Combined Defect of 2p Wedge Disclination and p Dispiration in the Anticlinic Molecular Orientation" (Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals (Tokyo)). 149. 133-138 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Y.Takanishi,A.Iida,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Spontaneous Layer Twist in a Stripe Texture of Chiral Ferroelectric Smectics Observed by Synchrotron X-Ray Microdiffraction" Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.35. 683-687 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Moriyama,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Binary Mass Diffusion in Smectic C and CA Phases as Observed by Forced Rayleigh Scattering" Liq. Cryst.18. 639-643 (1995)

    • Description
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      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Shitota,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda and T.Shiibashi: "Surface Orientation of Polyimide Alignment Layer Studied by Optical Scond-Harmonic Generation" Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.34. L316-L319 (1995)

    • Description
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      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Shirota,M.Yaginuma,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Modified Crystal Rotation Method for Measuring High Pretilt Angle in Liquid Crystal Cells" Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.34. 4905-4906 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Shirota,M.Yaginuma,T.Sakai,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Orientation Relationship among Polyimide Alignment Layer,Liquid Crystal Monolayer,and Bulk Pretilt Angle" Appl. Phys. Lett.69. 164-166 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Shirota,M.Yaginuma,T.Sakai,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Surface Orientation of Cyanobiphenyl Liquid Crystal Monolayer and Pretilt Angle under Various Rubbing Strengths" Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.35. 2275-2279 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Sakai,K.Shirota,T.Yamada,H.Hoshi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Orientation of Liquid Crystal Molecules on Side-Chain Polyimide Alignment Layer Studied by Second-Harmonic Generation Interferometry" Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.35. 3971-3974 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] A.Fukuda, Y.Takanishi T.Isozaki, K.Ishikawa and H.Takezoe: "FEATURE ARTICLE : Antiferroelectric Chiral Smectic Liquid Crystals" J.Mater.Chem.4[7]. 997-1016 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Y.Takanishi, A.Ikeda, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Higher Smectic Layr Order Parameters in Liquid Crystals Determined by X-Ray Diffraction and the Effect of Antiferroelectricity" Phys.Rev.E. 51[1]. 400-406 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.H.Kim, K.Miyach, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Molecular Orientation and Switching Behavior in Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal Studied by Polarized Raman Scattering" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.33[10]. 5850-5859 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Y.Ouchi, Y.Yoshioka, H.Ishii, K.Seki, M.Kitamura, R.Noyori, Y.Takaishi and I.Nishiyama: "Effect of the Teminal Branching Structure of Some Liquid-crystalline Biphenyl Carbonylates on the Stability of Antiferroelectric Phase" J.Mater.Chem.5[12]. 2297-2307 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.H.Kim, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Orientation of Alkyl Chains and Hindered Rotation of Carbonyl Group in the Smectic-C^<**> Phase of Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals Studied by FTIR" Phys.Rev.E. 51[3]. 2166-2175 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.H.Kim, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Orientation of Alkyl Chains and Hindered Rotation of Carbonyl Group in the Smectic-C^<**> Phase of Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals Studied by FTIR" ERRATA Phys.Rev.E. 52[2]. 2120 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Miyachi, J.Matsushima, Y.Takanishi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Spontaneous Polarization Parallel to the Tilt Plane in the Antiferroelectric Chiral Smectic-C_A Phase of Liquid Crystals as Observed by Polarized Infrared Spectroscopy" Phys.Rev.E. 52[3]. R2153-R2156 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] B.Jin.Z.Ling.Y.Takanishi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe, A.Fukuda, M.Kakimoto and T.Kitazume: "Obliquely Projecting Chiral Alkyl Chains and Their Precession around the Long Core Axs in the Smectic-A Phase of an Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal" Phys.Rev.E. 53[5]. R4295-R4298 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] B.Jin, H.Yin, S.Yoshida, Y.Takanishi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe, A.Fukuda and M.Kakimoto: "Synthesis of Deuterated MHPOBC-d_3 and MHPOBC-d_<43> and Behavior of Methyl Group near Chiral Carbon as Observed by Polarized FT-IR and NMR Spectroscopy" Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst D3P.42(P-218), ILCC16(Kent, 1996). (in press. (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] S.Yoshida, B.Jin, Y.Takanishi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe, A.Fukuda and S.Miyajima: "Orientational Change of the Trifluoromethyl Group at the Ferroelectric-Antiferroelectric Transition Observed by NMR Spectroscopy" Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst.(CIP.24(P-128), ILCC16(Kent, 1996). (in press). (1996)

    • Description
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      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Miyachi, Y.Takanishi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Relaxation Time of Melecular Rotation about in Long Axis in the Smectic-A Phase of Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals as Observed by Picosecond Optical Kerr Effect" Phys.Rev.E. 55, [2](in press). (1997)

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    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Isozaki, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Subphases in Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystalline Binary Mixtures with Infinite Helical Pitch or Zero Spontaneous Polarization" Ferroelectrics (Proc.4th Int.Conf.Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals (Tokyo, 1993). 147. 121-134 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Miyachi, Y.Takanishi, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Fluctuation in the Ferrielectric Smectic-C_<gamma>^<**> Phase as Observed by Laser Beam Diffraction and Photon Correlation Spectroscopy" Ferroelectrics(Proc.4th Int.Conf.Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals (Tokyo, 1993). 147. 147-157 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Isozaki, T.Fujikawa, H.Takezoe, A.Fukuda, T.Hagiwara, Y.Suzuki and I.Kawamura: "Devil's Staircase Formed by Competing Interactions Stabilizing the Ferroelectric Smectic-C^<**> Phase and the Antiferroelectric Smecitc C_A^<**> Phase in Liquid Crystaline Binary Mixtures" Phys.Rev.B. 48[18]. 13439-13450 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Isozaki, H.Takezoe, A.Fukuda, Y.Suzuki and I.Kawamura: "Devil's Staircase and Racemization in Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals" J.Mater.Chem.4[2]. 237-243 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Itoh, M.Kabe, K.Miyachi, Y.Takanishi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Devil's Staircase between antiferroelectric SC_A^<**> and Ferroelectric SC^<**> in Liquid Crystals Observed in Free-Standing Films under Temperature Gradients" J.Mater.Chem.(in press). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] A.Fukuda: "Pretransitional Effect in AF-F-Swiching : To supress It or to Enhance It, That is the Question about AFLCDs" Proc.of ASIA DISPLAY '95. 61-64 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] A.Fukuda: "Pretransitional Effect in AF-F Switching : To suppress It or to Enhance It, That is the Question about AFLCDs" Proc.15th Int.Display Research Conf.---Asia Display '95---(Hamamatsu). (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] S.Inui, N.Iimura, T.Suzuki, H.Iwane, K.Miyachi, Y.Takanishi and A.Fukuda: "Thresholdless Antiferroelectricity in Liquid Crystals and its Aplication to Displays" J.Mater.Chem.6[4]. 671-673 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] A.Fukuda, S,S.Seomun, T.Takahashi, Y.Takanishi and K.Ishikawa: "Tilting Correlation in Adjacent Layrs and Possible Thresholdless Antiferroelectricity in SC^<**>-like Liquid Crystals" Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst(E2.I01(155), ILCC16(kent, 1996)). (in press). (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] S.S.Seomun, Y.Takanishi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe, A.Fukuda, C.Tanaka, T.Fujiyama, T.Maruyama and S.Nishiyama: "Thresholdless Switching in Homogeneous Cells and Antiferroelectric Conoscopic Figures in Free-Standing Films as Observed in a Binary SC^<**>-Like Mixture" Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst(CIP.31(P-131), ILCC16(Kent.1996)). (in press). (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] S.S.Seomun, Y.Takanishi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe, A.Fukuda: "Evolution of Switching Characteristics from Tristable to V-Shaped in an Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys. 36(submitted). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] S.S.Seomun, T.Gouda, T.Takanishi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe, A.Fukuda, C.Tanaka, T.Fujiyama, T.Maruyama and S.Nishiyama: "Electrooptic Property of a Binary Mixture of Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Chiral Compounds Showing Thresholdless V-Shaped Swiching" Extended Abstracts of The Third International Display Workshops(IDW'96/AM-LCD'96(Kobe, November 27-29,1966). LCp1-4. 61-64 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Y.Takanishi, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Hexatic Antiferroelectric SmI_A^<**> Phase in MHPOCBC" Ferroelectrics(Proc.4th Int.Conf.Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals(Tokyo, 1993)). 147. 135-146 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M.Neundorf, Y.Takanishi, H.Takezoe, A.Fukuda, S.Saito, K.Murashiro, T.Inukai and D.Demus: "Novel Type of Antiferroelectricity in the Hexatic Smectic I_A^<**>Phase" J.Mater.Chem.5[12]. 2221-2223 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] H.Yin, B.Jin, Y.Takanishi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe, A.Fukuda and M.Kakimoto: "Synthesis and Physical Properties of TFMHPNCBC-d" Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst(D3P.21(P-2111), ILCC16(Kent, 1996)). (in press). (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] J.Li, H.Takezoe, A.Fukuda and J.Watanabe: "Circular Dichroism in Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals" Liq.Cryst.18[2]. 239-250 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Yamada, Y.Takanishi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe, A.Fukuda and M.A.Osipov: "Helical Structure in the Smectic C_<alpha>^<**>Phase Studied by Circular Dichroism" Phys.Rev.E. 50(Submitted). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Ema, H.Yao, A.Fukuda, Y.Takanishi and H.Takezoe: "Non-Landau Critical Behavior of Heat Capacity at the Smectic-A-Smectic-C_<alpha>^<**> Transition of the Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal Methylheptyloxycarbonylphenyl Octyloxycalbonylbiphenyl Carboxylate" Phys.Rev.E. 54[4]. 4450-4453 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Hiraoka, Y.Uematsu, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Molecular Fluctuations in Smectic Phases Possessing Antiferroelectric Ordering" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.35[12A]. 6157-6161 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Kusumoto, T.Isozaki, Y.Suzuki, Y.Takanishi, H.Takezoe, A.Fukuda and T.Hiyama: "The Importance of the Electric Interaction for Stabilizing the Antiferroelectric Smectic Liquid-Crystalline Phase" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys. 34[7A]. L830-L832 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Y.Suzuki, T.Isozaki, S.Hashimoto, T.Kusumoto, T.Hiyama, Y.Takanishi, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Stability of the Antiferroelectric Phase in Dimeric Liquid Crystals Having Two Chiral Centers with CF_3 or CH_3 Groups ; Evaluation of Conformational and Electric Interactions" J.Mater, Chem.6[5]. 753-760 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Miyachi, Y.Takanishi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Does the Disclination Line Exist in a Homogeneously Aligned SmC_A^<**>Cell?" Ferroelectrics (Proc.4th Int.Conf.Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals (Tokyo, 1993)). 149. 61-68 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Y.Takanishi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Combined Defect of 2pi Wedge Disclination and pi Dispiration in the Anticlinic Molecular Orientation" Ferroelectrics (Proc.4th Int.Conf.Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals (Tokyo, 1993)). 149. 133-138 (1993)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Y.Takanishi, A.Iida, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Spontaneous Layr Twist in a Stripe Texture of Chiral Ferroelectric Smectics Observed by Synchrotron X-Ray Microdiffraction" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.35[2A]. 683-687 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Moriyama, Y.Takanishi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Binary Mass Diffusion in Smectic C and C_APhases as Observed by Forced Rayleigh Scattering" Liq.Cryst.18[4]. 639-643 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Shirota, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe, A.Fukuda and T.Shiibashi: "Surface Orientation of Polyimide Alignment Layr Studied by Optical Second-Harmonic Generation" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.34[3A]. L316-L319 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Shirota, M.Yaginuma, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Modified Crystal Rotation Method for Measuring High Pretilt Angle in Liquid Crystal Cells" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.34[9A]. 4905-4906 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Shirota, M.Yaginuma, T.Sakai, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Orientation Relationship among Polyimide Alignment Layr, Liquid Crystal Monolayr, and Bulk Pretilt Angle" Appl.Phys.Lett.69[2]. 164-166 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Shirota, M.Yaginuma, T.Sakai, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Surface Orientation of Cyanobiphenyl Liquid Crystal Monolayr and Pretilt Angle under Various Rubbing Strengths" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.35[4A]. 2275-2279 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Sakai, K.Shirota, T.Yamada, H.Hoshi, K.Ishikawa, H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Orientation of Liquid Crystal Moleculer on Side-Chain Polyimide Alignment Layr Studied by Second-Harmonic Generation Interferometry" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.35[7]. 3971-3974 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Shirota,M.Yaginuma,T.Sakai,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Orientation Relationship among Polyimide Alignment Layer,Liquid Crystal Monolayer,and Bulk Pretilt Angle" Appl.Phys.Lett.,. 69. 164-166 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.S.Seomun,T.Gouda,T.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda: "Electrooptic Property of a Binary Mixt;ure of Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Chiral Compounds Showing Thresholdless V-Shaped Switching" Extended Abstracts of The Third International Display Workshops.(1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Inui,N.Iimura,T.Suzuki,H.Iwane,K.Miyachi,Y.Takanishi and A.Fukuda: "Thresholdless Antiferroelectricity in Liquid Crystals and its Application to Displays" J.Mater.Chem.6. 671-673 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Y.Suzuki,T.Isozaki,S.Hashimoto,T.Kusumoto,T.Hiyama,Y.Takanishi,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Stability of the Antiferroelectric Phase in Dimeric Liquid Crystals Having Two Chiral Centres with CF_3 or CH_3 Groups ; Evaluation of Conformational and Electric Interactions" J.Mater.Chem.6. 753-760 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Y.Takanishi,A.Iida,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Spontaneous Layer Twist in a Stripe Texture of Chiral Ferroelectric Smectics Observed by Synchrotron X-Ray Microdiffraction" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.35. 683-687 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Shirota,M.Yaginuma,T.Sakai,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Surface Orientation of Cyanobiphenyl Liquid Crystal Monolayer and Pretilt Angle under Various Rubbing Strengths" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.35. 2275-2279 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Sakai,K.Shirota,T.Yamada,H.Hoshi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Orientation of Liquid Crystal Molecules on Side-Chain Polyimide Alignment Layer Studied by Second-Harmonic Generation Interferometry" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.35. 296-299 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Yoshida,B.Jin,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda and S.Miyajima: "Orientational Change of the Trifluoromethyl Group at the Ferroelectric-Antiferroelectric Transition Observed by NMR Spectrocscopy" Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst.C1P,ILCC16. (in press). 128 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.S.Seomun,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda,C.Tanaka,T.Fujiyama,T.Maruyama and 〜: "Thresholdless Switching in Homogeneous Cells and Antiferroelectric Conoscopic Figures in Free-Standing Films as Observed in a Binary SC^*-Like Mixture" Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst.C1P,ILCC16. (in press). 131 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] H.Yin,B.Jin,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda and M.Kakimoto: "Synthesis and Physical Properties of TFMHPNCBC-d" Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst.C3P,ILCC16. (in press). 211 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] B.Jin,H.Yin,S.Yoshida,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda and M.Kakimoto: "Synthesis of Deuterated MHPOBC-d_<43> and MHPOBC-d_3 and Behavior of Methyl Group near Chiral Carbon as Observed by Polarized FT-IR and NMR Spectroscopy" Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst.D3P,ILCC16. (in press). 218 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] A.Fukuda,S.S.Seomun,T.Kakahashi,Y.Takanishi and K.Ishikawa: "Tilting Correlation in Adjacent Layers and Possible Thresholdless Antiferroelectricity in SC^*-like Liquid Crystals" Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst.E2.I,ILCC16. (in press). 155 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] B.Jin,Z.Ling,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe,A.Fukuda,M.Kakimoto and T.Kitazume: "Obliquely Projecting Chiral Alkyl Chains and Their Precession around the Long Core Axes in the Smectic-A Phase of an Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal" Phys.Rev.E,. 53. R4298-R4295 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Ema,H.Yao,A.Fukuda,Y.Takanishi and H.Takezoe: "Non-Landau Critical Behavior of Heat Capacity at the Smectic-A-Smectic-C_α^* Transition of the Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal Methylheptyloxycarbonylphenyl Octyloxycalbonylbiphenyl Carboxylate" Phys.Rev.E,. 54. 4450-4453 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Itoh,M.Kabe,K.Miyachi,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Devil's Staircase between antiferroelectric SC_A^* and Ferroelectric SC^* in Liquid Crystals Observed in Free-Standing Films under Temperature Gradients" J.Mater.Chem.(in press). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.S.Seomun,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Evolution of Switching Characteristics from Tristable to V-Shaped in an Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.(submitted). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] .Hiraoka,Y.Uematsu,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Molecular Fluctuations in Smectic Phases Possessing Antiferroeletric Ordering" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.35. 6157-6161 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Asahina,M.Sorai,A.Fukuda,H.Takezoe,K.Furukawa,K.Terashima,Y.Suzuki and 〜: "Heat Capacities and Phase Transitions of the Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystala MHPOBC and MHPOCBC" Liq.Cryst.(in press). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Miyachi,Y.Takanishi,K.Ishikawa,H.Takezoe,and A.Fukuda: "Relaxation Time of Molecular Rotation about its Long Axis in the Smectic-A Phase of Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals as Observed by Picosecond Optical Kerr Effect" Phys.Rev.E,. 55(in press). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Yamada,Y.Takanishi,H.Takezoe and A.Fukuda: "Helical Structure in the Smectic C_α^* Phase Studied by Circular Dichroism" Phys.Rev.E,. 56(submitted). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S. Inui: "Thresholdless Antiferroelectricity in Liquid Crystals and its Application to Displays" J. Mater. Chem. in press. (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M. Neundorf: "Novel Type of Antiferroelectricity in the Hexatic Smectic I_A Phase" J. Mater. Chem. 5. 2221-2223 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Y. Ouchi: "Effect of the Teminal Branching structure of Some Liquid-Crystalline Biphenyl Carbonylates on the Stability of the Antiferroelectric Phase" J. Mater. Chem. 5. 2297- (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K. Shirota: "Surface Orientation of Polyimede Alignment Layer Studied by Optical Second-Harmonic Generation" Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.34. L316-L319 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T. Kusumoto: "The Importance of the Electric Interaction for Stabilizing the Antiferroelectric Smectic Liquid-Crystalline Phase" Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.34. L830-L832 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K. Shirota: "Modified Crystal Rotation Method for Measuring High Pretilt Angle in Liquid Crystal Cells" Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.34. 4905-4906 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Y. Takanishi: "Spontaneous Layer Twist in a Stripe Texture of Chiral Ferroelectric Smectics Observed by Synchrotron X-Ray Microdiffraction" Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.35(in press). (1996)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] J. Li: "Circular Dichroism in Ferroelecric and Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals" L Cryst.18. 239-250 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T. Moriyama: "Binary Mass Diffusion in Smectic C and C_A Phases as Observed by Forced Rayleigh Scattering" Liq. Cryst.18. 639-643 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Y. Takanishi: "Higher Smectic Layer Order Parameters in Liquid Crystals Determined by X-Ray Diffraction and the Effect of Antiferroelectricity" Phys. Rev. E. 51. 400-406 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K. H. Kim: "Orientation of Alkyl Chains and Hindered Rotation of Carbonyl Group in the Smectic-C^* Phase of Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals Studied by FTIR" Phys. Rev. E. 51. 2166-2175 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K. Miyachi: "Spontaneous Polarization Parallel to the Tilt Plane in the Antiferroelectric Chiral Smectic-C_A Phase of Liquid Crystals as Observed by Polarized Infrared Spectroscopy" Phys. Rev. E. 52. R2153-R2156 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] A. Fukuda: "Pretransitional Effect in AF-F Switching: To Suppress It or to Enhance It, That is the Question about AFLCDs" Asia Display's 95 Abst. (15th Int. Display Research Conf. (Oct. 16-18, 1995, Hamamatsu, Japan)). Invited Paper. S6 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] A. Fukuda: "Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal Materials and Displays" MC2 Abst. (2nd Int. Conf. on Materials Chemistry (July 17-21, 1995, Univ. of Kent at Canterbury). (Plenary Lecture). (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Isozaki: "Devil′s Staircase and Racemization in Antiferroelectric Liquid Crysatls" J.Mater.Chem.4. 237-243 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] A.Fukuda: "FEATURE ARTICLE:Antiferrolectric Chiral Smectic Liquid Crystals" J.Mater.Chem. 4. 997-1016 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.H.Kim: "Orientation Ordering and Switching Behavior in Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals Studied by Polarized Raman Scattering" Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.33. 5850-5859 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] J.LI: "Circular Dichroism in Ferroelectric and Antiferrolectric Liquid Crystals" Liq.Cryst.(in press). (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Y.Takanishi: "Higher Smectic Layer Order Parameters in Liquid Crystals Determined by X-Ray Diffraction and the Effect of Antiferroelectricity" Phys.Rev.E. (in press). (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.H.Kim: "Orientation of Alkyl Chains and Hindered Rotation of Carbonyl in the Smectic-C^*Phase of Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystals Studied by FTIR" Phys.Rev.E. (in press). (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Moriyama: "Liq.Cryst." Binaey Mass Diffusion in Smectic C and CA Phases as Observed by Forced Rayleigh Scattering(in press), (1995)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report

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