| Project/Area Number |
06304002
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 総合 |
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| Research Field |
遺伝
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| Research Institution | National Institute of Genetics |
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Principal Investigator |
HARADA Tomoko National Institute of Genetics, Department of Population Genetics, Professor, 集団遺伝研究系, 教授 (80000256)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
TACHIDA Hidenori Kyusyu university, Faculty of Science, Associate Professor, 理学部, 助教授 (70216985)
TAKAHATA Naoyuki The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Coordination Center for Research a, 教育研究交流センター, 教授 (30124217)
TAKANO Toshiyuki National Institute of Genetics, Department of Population Genetics, Research Asso, 助手 (90202150)
TAJIMA Fumio University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Professor, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (30183065)
YAMAZAKI Tsuneyuki Kyusyu University, Faculty of Science, Professor, 理学部, 教授 (10108649)
宮下 直彦 京都大学, 農学部, 助教授 (20212243)
松尾 義則 徳島大学, 総合科学部, 助教授 (80219401)
石和 貞男 お茶の水女子大学, 理学部, 教授 (20017205)
飯塚 勝 九州歯科大学, 歯学部, 助教授 (20202830)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1994 – 1996
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1996)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥30,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥30,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥8,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥10,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥11,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,800,000)
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| Keywords | Molecular population genetics / Adaptive evolution / Neutral theory / Gene duplication / DNA polymorphism / Drosophila / Genetic variation / Population differentiation |
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| Research Abstract |
The development of the neutral theory in molecular evolution established that the majority of nucleotide substitutions occurred during the course of evolution are caused by random fixation of neutral mutations. On the other hand, we can see tremendous amount of diversity of organisms at the phenotypic level, many of which has been explained in terms of Darwinian adaptive evolution. Some of newly emerging molecular data are contradictory to the strict neutral mutation theory as well. The present study was carried out with an idea that adaptation was achieved by a relatively small number of changes such as gene duplication followed by functional diversity, amino-acid-alternating substitutions, and changes in regulatory regions. We successfully detected the effects of positive and negative natural selection from DNA sequence data combined with theoretical analysis based on the population genetics.
The recent advance of molecular biology has been accumulating diverse biological information such as high-order structure of proteins and gene interaction at very high rate, and also reveals the complication of genetic networks. Further advance of theoretical and experimental population genetics along this line will be needed to get a deep understanding of complicated evolution at the phenotypic and the molecular level.
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