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Energy Calibration of Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays

Research Project

Project/Area Number 06402006
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 素粒子・核・宇宙線
Research InstitutionInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR) Univ.of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

NAGANO Motohiko  ICRR,Univ.of Tokyo Professor, 宇宙線研究所, 教授 (00013384)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) ISHIKAWA Fumio  ICRR,Univ.of Tokyo Assistant, 宇宙線研究所, 助手 (30092133)
OHNISHI Munehiro  ICRR,Univ.of Tokyo Assistant, 宇宙線研究所, 助手 (10260514)
HAYASHIDA Naoaki  ICRR,Univ.of Tokyo Assistant, 宇宙線研究所, 助手 (50114616)
TESHIMA Masahiro  ICRR,Univ.of Tokyo Assoc.Prof., 宇宙線研究所, 助教授 (40197778)
Project Period (FY) 1994 – 1995
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1995)
Budget Amount *help
¥36,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥36,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥16,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥16,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥19,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥19,300,000)
Keywordscosmic rays / extremely high energy / energy spectrum / extensive air shower / energy calibration / 極高エネルギー宇宙線 / キャリブレーション / シンチレーション光
Research Abstract

It has been suggested that there might be a cutoff in the energy spectrum of primary cosmic rays around 10^<20>eV,if they are extragalactic origin, since those cosmic rays lose their energy during traveling in the intergalactic space as a result of their interaction with universal background radiation. Recently very energetic cosmic rays well beyond this predicted cutoff were observed by the Fly's Eye detector at USA and Akeno Giant Air Shower Array (AGASA) at Akeno. It is quite important to reevaluate their energies experimentally.
In case of Fly's Eye experiment an ambiguity in energy determination remains in the fluorescence yield in the atmosphere. Therefore we measured the air fluorescence yield as a function of pressure with electrons between 1.4 MeV and 1000 MeV by means of a ^<90>Srbeta source and an electron beam from electron synchrotron. Results indicate that the fluorescence yield is proportional to electron energy loss from 1.4 MeV to 1000 MeV.With the aid of the 1966 US Mid-latitude Standard Atmospheric Model, we determined the altitude dependence of fluorescence yied of an 80 MeV electron.
The re-evaluation of energy of all events in the Fly's Eye data using this new fluorescence yield has been done by taking into account the different bands with their corresponding temperature and pressure dependence and the incident electrons' energy. We found that the difference between the new energy and the old energy divided by the old energy is less than-1.3%. That is, the re-analysis did not change their spectrum results.
We compared with their energy spectrum and the spectrum determined by AGASA.The difference in energies is about 12% and is negligible compared with each experimental error. The present result supports that the highest energy events from Fly's Eye and AGASA experiments are really beyond the predicted 2.7K cutoff energy.

Report

(3 results)
  • 1995 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1994 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (15 results)

All Other

All Publications (15 results)

  • [Publications] F.Kakimoto et al.: "A measurement of the air fluorescence yield" Nuclear Instrument and Method A. 372. 527-533 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] N.Hayashida et al.: "Observation of a very euergetic cosmic ray well beyond the predicted 2.7K cut off" Phys.Rev.Letters. 73. 3491-3494 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] S.Yoshida et al.: "The cosmic ray energy spectrum above 3×10^<18>eV measured by the Akeno Giaut Air Shower Array" Astroparticle Physics. 3. 105-123 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] N.Hayashida: "A possible clustering of most energetic cosmic rays observed by Akeno" Phys.Rev.Letters. 77. 1000-1003 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] F.Kakimoto et al.: "A measurement of the air fluorescence yield" Nucl.Instr.and Meth.A372. 527-533 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] N.Hayashida et al.: "Recent results of AGASA experiments" Proceedings of ICRR Symposium on Extremely High Energy Cosmic Ray Astrophysics and Future Observatories (ed.by M.Nagano, ICRR Univ.of Tokyo). 17-27 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] N.Hayashida et al.: "Observation of a very energetic cosmic ray well beyond the predicted 2.7K" Phys.Rev.Letters. 73. 3491-3494 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] S.Yoshida et al.: "The cosmic ray energy spectrum above 3*10^<18>eV measured by the Akeno Giant Air Shower Array" Astroparticle Physics. 3. 105-123 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] N.Hayashida et al.: "A possible clustering of most energetic cosmic rays observed by Akeno" Phys.Rev.Letters. 77. 1000-1003 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] N,Hayashida et al.: "Observation of a Very Energetic Cosmic Ray Well Begond the Predicted 2.7K Cutoff in the Primary Euergy Spectvum" Physical Review Letters. 73. 3491-3494 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Yoshida et al.: "The cosmic ray ebergy spectrum above 3×10^<18>eV measured by the Akano Giant Aiv Shower Array" Astroparticle Physics. 3. 105-123 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] N.Hayashida et al.: "Muons in large extensive air showers of evergies between 10^<16.5> eV and 10^<19.5> observed at Akeno" Journal of Pbysics G:Nuclear Particls Physics. 21. 1101-1119 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] F.Kakimoto et al.: "A measurement of the Air Fluorescence Yield" Nuclear Instrument and Methods in Plays.Roseouch. (印刷中). (1996)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] N.Hayashida et.al.: "Observation of a very euergetic cosmic ray well beyond the predicted 2.7K cuttoff in the primary energy spectrum" Pliysical Review Lettere. 73. 3491-3494 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Yoshida.et.al.: "The cosmic ray energy spectrum above 3×10^<18>eV measured by the Akeno Giaut Air Shower Array." Astroportiles Physics. (印刷中). (1995)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1994-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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