| Project/Area Number |
06404031
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Neurology
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| Research Institution | KYOTO UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
SHIBASAKI Hiroshi Kyoto University, School of Medicine, Department of Brain Pathophysiology, Professor, 医学研究科, 教授 (30037444)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
IKEDA Akio Same as above, Assist.Prof., 医学研究科, 助手 (90212761)
NAGAMINE Takashi Same as above, Assist.Prof., 医学研究科, 助手 (10231490)
FUKUYAMA Hidenao Same as above, Asscc.Prof., 医学研究科, 助教授 (90181297)
米倉 義晴 京都大学, 医学部, 助教授 (60135572)
木村 淳 京都大学, 医学部, 教授 (10204976)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1994 – 1996
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1996)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥32,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥32,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥3,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥7,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,600,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥21,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥21,100,000)
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| Keywords | Voluntary movement / Primary motor cortex / Secondary motor cortex / Movement inhibition / Sensori-motor association / Non-invasive studies / Magnetoencephalogram / Contingent negative variation / 感覚運動連関 / 運動連合野 / ヒト / 脳磁場 / 歩行 / PET / 基底核障害 |
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| Research Abstract |
During the three years' period, non-invasive studies of motor cortex functions in normal subjects and subdural recording of movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) in patients with intractable partial epilepsy have been carried out.
1.Role of primary and secondary motor cortex in voluntary movements in human
Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recording of MRCPs in normal subjects and subdural recording of those in epilepsy patients disclosed that restricted areas of both primary motor cortex (M1) and supplementary motor areas (SMA) precisely corresponding to the movement sites are activated bilaterally from about 3 sec before the movement onset, and much more contralaterally from 300 msec before it.
2.Mechanism underlying voluntary inhibition of movement
Cortical potentials were recorded by surface electrodes in association with voluntary cessation of muscle contraction. As the result, both the early and late components of pre-movement slow potentials were recorded with voluntary muscle relaxation, and their waveform and scalp distribution were very similar to those associated with voluntary muscle contraction. This finding suggests that both M1 and SMA are involved in the voluntary inhibition of movements.
3.Studies of sensori-motor association
Sensori-motor association was studied by recording contingent negative variation (CNV) which is elicited between the warning (S1) and imperative stimulus (S2) when the subject is requested to respond to S2 by various motor tasks. It was found that in Parkinson's disease the midline component of CNV which is most likely generated in SMAs was diminished. This finding can be interpreted to reflect the reduced input from the basal ganglia to the SMA.Readiness potentials preceding self-paced voluntary movements are influenced by cerebellar input while the CNV is influenced by basal ganglia input.
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