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Islam and Modern Trends in Middle Eastern Islamic Countries

Research Project

Project/Area Number 06451065
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Asian history
Research InstitutionTohoku University

Principal Investigator

KIMURA Yoshihiro  Graduate School of Tohoku University, Division of International Cultural Studies, Professor, 大学院国際文化研究科, 教授 (40250857)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) YANAGIHASHI Hiroyuki  Graduate School of Tohoku University, Division of International Cultural Studies, 大学院国際文化研究科, 助教授 (70220192)
KURODA Takashi  Graduate School of Tohoku University, Division of International Cultural Studies, 大学院国際文化研究科, 助教授 (70195593)
Project Period (FY) 1994 – 1995
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1995)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,400,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥1,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥3,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000)
KeywordsIslam / Nationalism / Fundamentalism / Arab / Iran / Hanbalism / Law
Research Abstract

In an attempt to understand the resurgence of Islam in the last decades in terms of social changes in Arab countries, Kimura reached the following conclusion : most of political and social reforms aimed at introducing western institutions, such as liberalism, democracy or socialism, failed largely because of the authoritarianism in the government, the continuance of Islamic ethos and the cultural, political and economic dependency of Arab countries on the western civilization. Disappointed at the poor performance of these reforms, the masses come to reassess traditional values and to seek their identity in traditional social groups and systems, including Islam and Islamic institutions. Kuroda tried to explore the relations between the Iranian central government and the Jangali movement which rose against the invading Russian army from the middle of 1915 in the Gilan province and after the October Revolution resisted the British forces aiming to control Iran alone. By analyzing some documents in Persian and in English, he concludes that the movement took into account the crucial nationwide problems as well as the local interests. Yanagihashi examined the positive rules of Hanbali law school in the domains of civil law. The Hanbali school is regarded as the forerunner of the fundamentalism which grew and does not cease to grow influencing in the modern Arab and Islamic countries. In accordance with its religious tendency to deny the authoritarianism characteristic of the Islamic world since the tenth century and at the same time to reject the non-Islamic elements of Sufism, the Hanbali jurisprudence reveals its tendency to abide by sacred texts in negligence of traditional legal opinions and in absence of rules in sacred texts it depends on discretionary judgment in a comparatively unrestrained manner. The Hanbali school in contemporary Saudi Arabia considers in practice the sharia as the supreme legal norm.

Report

(3 results)
  • 1995 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1994 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (12 results)

All Other

All Publications (12 results)

  • [Publications] 黒田卓: "イラン立憲革命と地域社会" 東洋史研究. 53-3. 155-187 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 柳橋博之: "The Judicial Functions of the Sultan according to the Maliki Jurists up to the sixth/twelfth Century" Islamic Law and Society. 3. 1-34 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 黒田卓: "『イランの中央と地方』所収「ジャンギャリー運動に見る中央-地方関係」(53-60頁)" アジア経済研究所, 202 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kuroda, Takashi: ""Constitutional Revolution and a Local Community"" The Toyoshi-Kenkyu (The Journal of Oriental Research). vol. 53, no. 3. 155-187 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kuroda, Takashi: ""Center-Periphery Relation Seen from the Case of the Jangali Movement"" Center and Periphery in Iran, The Institute of Asian Economic Affairs. 53-60 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yanagihashi, Hiroyuki: ""The Judicial Functions of the Sultan according to the Maliki Jurists up to the sixth/twelfth Century"" Islamic Law and Society. vol. 3, no. 1. 1-34

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 黒田卓: "イラン立憲革命と地域社会" 東洋史研究. 53-3. 155-187 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柳橋博之: "The Juohicial Functions of the Sultan according to the Maliki JUn'sts up to the sixth/twelfth Century" Islamic Law and Society. 3. 1-34 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 黒田卓: "『イランの中央と地方』所収「ジャンギャリー運動に見る中央-地方関係」" アジア経済研究所, 202(53-60) (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 黒田卓: "イラン立憲革命と地域社会-ギーラーン州アンジョマンを中心に" 東洋史研究. 53. 155-187 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柳橋博之: "イスラムの法学者はとのようにして法の柔軟な解釈と適用を実現しているのか" 国際文化研究. 1. 45-58 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柳橋博之: "Qulgues considerations sur la responsubiliti civile" Is lamic Law and Society. 1. 2-28 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1994-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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