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Parameterization of Land Processes and Verification

Research Project

Project/Area Number 06452082
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Meteorology/Physical oceanography/Hydrology
Research InstitutionTOHOKU UNIVERSITY

Principal Investigator

KONDO Junsei  Tohoku Univ. Science Professor, 大学院理学研究科, 教授 (30004493)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) MATSUSHIMA Dai  Tohoku Univ. Science Assistant, 大学院理学研究科, 助手 (50250668)
YAMAZAKI Takeshi  Tohoku Univ. Science Asso. Professor, 大学院理学研究科, 助教授 (80220317)
安田 延壽  東北大学, 理学部, 教授 (30004419)
Project Period (FY) 1994 – 1995
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1995)
Budget Amount *help
¥7,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥3,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥4,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,100,000)
KeywordsLand surface process / Heat balance / Soil water / Snow cover / Ground surface temperature / Snow melt / 水収支 / 裸地面蒸発 / 積雪面熱収支 / 森林蒸発散 / 流域貯留水量
Research Abstract

Parameterization of the land surface processes is investigated for calculating the heat fluxes over various ground surfaces. The main results are summarized as follows : (1) A linear heat budget model is developed to estimate the daytime means of the bulk transfer coefficients for heat and evaporation efficiency using the daily variation of observation data. (2) A multi-layr soil model is constructed taking into consideration the diffusion of water vapor and vaporization in the soil pores. Simulated values of the surface heat balance and the soil temperature are shown to be in close agreement with the observational results which are obtained several places in Japan and China. (3) Calculations of snow surface temperature have been attempted using a simple heat balance model and also a sophisticated model considering the physical processes within a snow-cover. (4) The effect of snow cover on the heat balance of the ground durface over north-western China is studied with a heat-water balance model. The calculated results of snow accumulating and melting processes are in close agreement with the routine observations. (5) Atmospheric heating duringthe snowmelt season is studied by means of data analysis and numerical model experiments. As a result of the data analysis, it is shown that in some examples the daytime air temperature rose above 0゚C,even if the ground was covered by snow. (6) A calculation model is presented for prediction of annual variations of the soil water content, water equivalent of snow, runoff in a watershed, and the river water temperature using "new bucket-model" and "heat balance model".

Report

(3 results)
  • 1995 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1994 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (46 results)

All Other

All Publications (46 results)

  • [Publications] Kondo, J.: "Modelling the evaporation from bare soic with formultation of vaporization and water vaper diffusion in the soil pores" J. Meteor. Soc. Jpn.72. 413-421 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kuwagata, T.: "Thermal effect of the sea breeze on the structure of the boundary layer and the beat budget over land." Boundary-Layer Meteor. 67. 119-144 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "2種類の粒径の粒子を用いた土壌の蒸発パラメータに関する実験" 水文・水資源学会誌. 7. 430-435 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "裸地面蒸発量の土壌種類と年降水量への依存性" 天気. 41. 525-535 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "裸地面蒸発の季節変化の観測" 農業気象. 50. 101-107 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "裸地面蒸発の季節変化(1)モデル" 水文・水資源学会誌. 7. 378-385 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "裸地面蒸発の季節変化(2)観測による検証" 水文・水資源学会誌. 7. 386-392 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "森林流域貯留水量の蒸発散抑制の考察" 水文・水資源学会誌. 7. 402-410 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 山崎剛: "積雪のある森林小流域における熱収支の評価" 天気. 41. 71-77 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 田口文明: "積雪表面温度の推定について" 雪氷. 56. 11-18 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 杉本荘一: "仙台市におけるヒートアイランドと各種地表面温度の日変化の観測" 天気. 41. 541-544 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 菅原広史: "飽和水蒸気圧の計算誤差" 水文・水資源学会誌. 7. 22-25 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Watanabe, T.: "Balk parameterization for a vegetated surface and its application to a simulation of nocturnal drainage flow" Boundary-Layer Meteor. 70. 13-35 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yamazaki, T.: "The influence of forests on atmospheric heating during the snoamelt season." J. Appl. Meteor.34. 511-519 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Matsushima, D.: "An estimation of the bulk transfer coefficients for a bare soil surface using a linear model" J. Appl. Meteor.34. 927-940 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 菅原広史: "都市における各種地表面温度の敏感度解析" 天気. 42. 813-818 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "黒色火山性土の圃場からの蒸発量" 水文・水資源学会誌. 8. 174-183 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "火山灰土壌及び砂丘砂の裸地からの蒸発量の計算" 農業気象. 51. 219-228 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 山崎剛: "融雪係数の熱収支的検討" 雪氷. 57. 239-244 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "新バケツモデルを用いた流域の土壌水分量,流出量,積雪水当量及び河川水温の研究" 天気. 42. 821-831 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "河川水温の日変化(1)計算モデル-異常昇温と魚の大量死事件-" 水文・水資源学会誌. 8. 184-196 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "河川水温の日変化(2)観測による検証-異常昇温と魚の大量死事件-" 水文・水資源学会誌. 8. 197-209 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "中国の乾燥・半乾燥域の裸地面熱収支の計算(1)気候と土壌パラメータと計算方法" 水文・水資源学会誌. 9. (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "中国の乾燥・半乾燥域の裸地面熱収支の計算(2)計算結果" 水文・水資源学会誌. 9. (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 山崎剛: "森林の冠雪時のアルベ-ド" 雪氷. 58. 11-18 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "水環境の気象学" 朝倉書店, 348 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kondo, J.and N.Saigusa: "Modelling the evaporation from bare soil with formulation of vaporizatio and water vapor diffusion in the soil pores." J.Meteor, Soc. Jpn.72 (3). 413-421 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kuwagata T., J.Kondo, M.Sumioka: "Theemal effect of the sea breeze on the structure of the boundary layr and the heat badget over land." Boundary-Layr Meteor.67 (1-2). 119-144 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Watanabe, T.: "Bulk parameterization for a vegetated surface and its application to a simulation of nocturnal drainage flow." Boundary-Layr Meteor.70. 13-35 (1994)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yamazaki, T.: "The influence of forests on atmospheric heating during the snowmelt season." J.Appl. Meteor.34 (2). 511-519 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Matsuhima, D.and J.Kondo: "An estimation of the balk transfer coefficients for a bare soil surface using a linear model." J.Appl. Meteor.34 (4). 927-940 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kondo, J., K.Motoya, and D.Matsushima: "A study on annual variations of the soil water content and water equivalent of snow in a water-shed, runoff and the river water temperature by use of the new bucket-model" Tenki. 42 (12). 821-831 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1995 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yamazaki,T.: "The influence of forests on atmospheric heating during the snowmelt season" J.Appl.Meteor.34. 511-519 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Matsushima,D.: "An estimation of the bulk transfer coefficients for a bare soil surface using a linear model" J.Appl.Meteor.34. 927-940 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "黒色火山性土の圃場からの蒸発量" 水文・水資源学会誌. 8. 174-183 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "火山灰土壌及び砂丘砂の裸地からの蒸発量の計算" 農業気象. 51. 219-228 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "新バケツモデルを用いた流域の土壌水分,積雪水当量の研究" 天気. 42. 821-831 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "中国の乾燥・半乾燥域の裸地面熱収支の計算(2)計算結果" 水文・水資源学会誌. 9. 170-182 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kondo,J.: "Modelling the evaporation from bare soil with formulatlon of vaporization and water vapor diffusion in the soil pores." J.Meteor.Soc.Jpn.72. 413-421 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kuwagata,T.: "Thermal effect of the sea breeze on the stwcture of the boundary layer and the heat budget over land." Bcundary-Layer Meteorol.67. 119-144 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "裸地面蒸発の季節変化(1)モデル" 水文・水資源学会誌. 7. 378-385 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "裸地面蒸発量の土壌種類と年降水量への依存性" 天気. 41. 525-535 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "森林流域貯留水量の蒸発散抑制の考察" 水文・水資源学会誌. 7. 402-410 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 山崎剛: "積雪のある森林小流域における熱収支の評価" 天気. 41. 71-77 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 近藤純正: "朝倉書店" 水環境の気象学-地表面の水収支・熱収支-, 348 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 安田延壽: "朝倉書店" 基礎大気科学, 204 (1994)

    • Related Report
      1994 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1994-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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