| Budget Amount *help |
¥1,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 1994: ¥1,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000)
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| Research Abstract |
The Buddhist lay-movements in Japan can be classified into four types in terms of its relation to Japanese established (clergy centered denominations, namely, (1) the shelterborrowing type (***) , (2) the inner sect type (***) , (3) the tie-up type (***) and (4) the independent type (***).
Current year, I tried to conduct a comparative study on their typical movements to find sociological characteristics of complicated relations between lay-denominations and established denominations.
Then, the followings are its results.
(1) Japanese Buddhist lay-movements which have usually studied under the name of the new religions of Buddhist descent were closely related not only in the past but also are at present related to established (clergy centered) denominations in various ways.
(2) On the other hand, Japanese Buddhust lay-movements have their own characteristics which cannot be found in established denominations. They are principles of popular initiative and this worldly concern.
(3) As to the extent of traditional succession of the established denominations among the four types of the lay-movements, that of the inner sect type and the independent type are relatively higher than that of the other types. But that is not necessarily lower the case with the shelterborrowing type and the tie-up type. Therefore, I cannot make the sweeping generalization.
Not a few lay-denominations (Honmon-Butsuryu-Shu, Nempo-Shikyo, Benten-Shu, and Agon-Shu etc.) have the Buddhist priests, unlike the priests of established denominations They propagate and officiate rituals.
(5) We can find clearly the outline of popular (lay) initiative in home gathering of newly founded lay-denominations (Rissho-Koseikai, Soka-Gakkai etc.). The other hand, that of long-standing lay-denominations (Honmon-Butsuryu-Shu etc.) are not clear.
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