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Human Response to Climatic Events in the Dry Savanna, Africa

Research Project

Project/Area Number 07041019
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
SectionField Research
Research Field Human geography
Research InstitutionTokyo Metropolitan University

Principal Investigator

HORI Nobuyuki  Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Geography, Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 教授 (40087143)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) IWASHITA Hirokazu  Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Geography, J.S.P.S.Research Fellow, 大学院・理学研究科, 日本学術振興会特別研
TAKAOKA Sadao  Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Geography, Assistant Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 助手 (90260786)
SHINODA Masato  Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Geography, Associcate Professor, 大学院・理学研究科, 助教授 (30211957)
CHINEN Tamio  Ryutsu Keizai Uiversity, Department of Economics, Associcate Professor, 経済学部, 助教授 (50236808)
SHIKANO Kazuhiro  Shimane Women's College, Associate Professor, 助教授 (10226110)
OUSSENI Issa  ニアメイ大, 人文学部,ニジェール, 講師
OJANY Franci  ナイロビ大, 人文学部,ケニア, 教授
DONGMO Jeanー  ウガンデレ大, 人文社会学部,カメルーン, 教授
Project Period (FY) 1995 – 1997
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1997)
Budget Amount *help
¥22,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥22,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥8,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥8,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥6,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,300,000)
Keywordsclimatic change / human response / dry savanna / drought / agroforestry / soil moisture / 土壌水分量 / 干魃 / 飢餓 / 作物選択 / 環境変化 / ニジェール / カメルーン / ケニア
Research Abstract

Field researches were conducted in Kenya, Niger and Benin to document the characteristics of human response to climatic change in dry savanna areas, Africa.
Geography and history of tree utilization were investigated in Meru District extending on a northeastern foot slope of Mt.Kenya. In southern humid areas, Meru people used a number of tree species and they had more knowledge on traditional uses of trees. People newly settled in northern dry areas used less species and had slightly poor knowledge. Strategies for droughts, however, were included in the ways in which they use trees and shrubs in their shambas in dry areas.
An ecological linkage between environmental changes and socio-cultural profile of cattle keepers were studied in Marsabit Distrct, northern Kenya. Samburu people had their own risk-avoiding systems, and survived the past severe droughts.
Development of eroded landscapes during the last 40 years was reconstructed in tributary drainage basins of the Niger, southwestern Niger. Soil erosion had been accelerated for the past 20 yesrs owing to deforestation in the surrouding area. The land degradation caused lack of crop fields and damaged fishery alog the Niger River. They were bewildered by the emerged environmental problems and started talking measures to cope with the situation.
To clarify the recent trend in climatic change and the interaction between atmosphere and land surface, collected meteorological data were analyzed and soil moisture were observed in Niger and Benin along a cross section from arid region (Sahel) to humid region (Guinean coast). Soil moisture incresed continuously during rainy seasons owing to reduced rainfall intervals. No significant difference in soil moisture was detected in dry seasons among three observation sites with different annual precipitation. The observed moisture ranged from 1 to 5 percent in the seasons.

Report

(4 results)
  • 1997 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1996 Annual Research Report
  • 1995 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (42 results)

All Other

All Publications (42 results)

  • [Publications] 堀 信行: "乾燥サバンナ地域の樹木農業の諸相-ニジェールの河岸地域を事例にして" 地理科学. Vol.52. 69 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hori, N.: "Seasonal flood and land use in the Tokar delta,Red Sea coast,Sudan." Abstract of the XIIIth International Conference of Ethiopian Studies:Supplements. 1-2 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 堀 信行: "乾燥サバンナ地域における災害と作物選択の一側面:カメルーン北部とニジェールの事例" 第34回日本アフリカ学会研究発表要旨. 4 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 知念 民雄: "ニジェール南西部、ニジェール河右岸流域における加速的侵食と土砂流出" 第34回日本アフリカ学会研究発表要旨. 29 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 篠田 雅人: "砂漠化の気候に対する影響:概説" 沙漠研究. Vol.6. 105-114 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 鹿野 一厚: "干ばつと牧畜民の対応-北ケニアの牧畜民サンブル族の事例から-" 第35回日本アフリカ学会研究発表要旨. (印刷中). (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 知念 民雄: "乾燥サバンナ地域における土壌侵食の激化とその影響-ニジェール南西部、ニアメイ付近の例" 第35回日本アフリカ学会研究発表要旨. (印刷中). (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 岩下 広和: "半乾燥地の異なる降水帯における土壌水分の季節変化" 日本沙漠学会講演要旨集. 9(印刷中). (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 高岡 貞夫: "ケニア山北東麓における樹木利用" 第35回日本アフリカ学会研究発表要旨. (印刷中). (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 堀 信行: "論文表題:風土の三角形-生きられる「場所」の誕生 福井勝義編『環境の人類誌』" 岩波書店, 79-106 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hori, N.: "Agroforestry in arid savanna : a case study in the Niger riverside region" Geographical sciences. 52. 69 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hori, N.: "Seasonal flood and land use in the Tokar delta, Red Sea coast, Sudan" Abstract of the XIII th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies : Supplement. 1-2 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hori, N.: "A risk avoiding system against droughts and pest damages in northern Cameroon and Niger" Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Japan Association for African studies. 34. 4 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Chinen, T.: "Accelerated erosion and sedimentation in tributary drainage basin of Niger in southwest of Niger" Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Japan Association for African Studies. 34. 29 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shinoda, M.: "Effect of desertification on climate : a review" Journal of Arid land studies. 6. 105-114 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shikano, K.: "The cattle breeder's response to drafts : a case study on Samburu cattle breeder tribe in northern Kenya" Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Japan Association for African studies. 35 (in press). (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Chinen, T.: "Effects of accelerated erosion on land use in and around Niamey, southwestern Niger" Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Japan Association for African studies. 35 (in press). (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Iwashita, H.: "Seasonal change of soil moisture in various rain belts in semi-arid region" Abstracts of the 1998 meeting The Japanese Association for Arid Land Studies. (in press). (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Takaoka, S.: "Utilization of trees on a northeastern foot slope of Mt.Kenya" Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Japan Association for African Studies. 35 (in press). (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hori, N.: The triangle of the natural features : the birth of ? the place" that man can be alive. In Fukui, K.eds., The anthropography of the environment, Iwanami, Tokyo, 79-106 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 堀 信行: "乾燥サバンナ地域の樹木農業の諸相-ニジェールの河岸地域を事例にして" 地理科学. Vol.52. 69 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hori, N.: "Seasonal flood and land use in the Tokar delta,Red Sea coast,Sudan." Abstract of the XIIIth International Conference of Ethiopian Studies : Supplements. 1-2 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 堀 信行: "乾燥サバンナ地域における災害と作物選択の一側面:カメルーン北部とニジェールの事例" 第34回日本アフリカ学会研究発表要旨. 4 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 知念 民雄: "ニジェール南西部、ニジェール河右岸流域における加速的浸食と土砂流出" 第34回日本アフリカ学会研究発表要旨. 29 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 篠田 雅人: "砂漠化の気候に対する影響:概説" 沙漠研究. Vol.16. 105-114 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 鹿野 一厚: "干ばつと牧畜民の対応-北ケニヤの牧畜民サンブル族の事例から-" 第35回日本アフリカ学会研究発表要旨. (印刷中). (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 知念 民雄: "乾燥サバンナ地域における土壌侵食の激化とその影響-ニジェール南西部、ニアメイ付近の例" 第35回日本アフリカ学会研究発表要旨. (印刷中). (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 岩下 広和: "半乾燥地の異なる降水帯における土壌水分の季節変化" 日本沙漠学会講演要旨集. 9(印刷中). (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 高岡 貞夫: "ケニア山北東麓における樹木利用" 第35回日本アフリカ学会研究発表要旨. (印刷中).

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 堀 信行: "論文表題:風土の三角形 -生きられる「場所」の誕生 福井勝義編『環境の人類誌』" 岩波書店, 79-106 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 堀 信行: "紅海沿岸、ト-カルデルタの季節的氾濫と土地利用システム." 日本沙漠学会第7回学術大会講演要旨集. 75-80 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 堀 信行: "ニジェール川河岸地域のGao(Acacia albida)の樹をめぐる景観研究の可能性." 第33回日本アフリカ学会学術大会研究発表要旨. 71- (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 鹿野 一厚: "中部ナイジェリアにおける牧畜フルベの放牧生態." 第33回日本アフリカ学会学術大会研究発表要旨. 75- (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Shinoda,M.: "Relationships between rainfall over semi-arid southern Africa, geopotential heights, and sea surface temperatures." J.Meteor. Soc. Japan. 74. 21-36 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Shinoda,M.: "Climatology of global precipitation." Geogr. Rev. Japan(Ser.B). 69. 170-184 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 高岡貞夫: "ケニア,ニャンベニ・ヒルズの自然地理と土地利用." 第33回日本アフリカ学会学術大会研究発表要旨. 72- (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 岩下広和: "アフリカ、サヘル地域の土壌水分量の季節変化." 日本気象学会講演要旨集. 28- (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 鹿野一厚: "中部ナイジェリアにおける牧畜フルベの牧畜活動に関する生態人類学的研究.廣瀬昌平・若月利之編「西アフリカ・サバンナの生態環境の修復と農村の再生」" 農林統計協会(分担執筆), 298-371 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Shinoda,M.: "Observed climate variability and Change. Houghton, J.T. and Filho, L.G.M. ed.: Climate Change 1995, The Science of Climate Change." Cambridge Univ. Press(分担執筆), 133-192 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 堀 信行: "生態学的観点からの自然地理学の再体系化" 地理科学. 50. 167-171 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Shinoda,M.: "Seasonal phase lag between rainfall and vegetation activity in tropical Africa as revealed by NOAA satellete data." International Journal of Climatology. 15. 639-656 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 篠田雅人・岩下広和: "乾燥地域の気候変動と地表面状態" 日本気象学会1995年度秋季大会公演予稿集. 68. 47 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1995-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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