| Project/Area Number |
07041040
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | Field Research |
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| Research Field |
文化人類学(含民族学・民俗学)
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| Research Institution | National Museum of Ethnology |
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Principal Investigator |
SHOJI Hiroshi National Museum of Ethnology, 3rd Department, Associate Professor, 第3研究部, 助教授 (80142016)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
NUMANO Mitsuyoshi University of Tokyo, Faculty of Literature, Professor, 文学部, 教授 (40180690)
NAKAI Kazuo University of Tokyo, Graduate School, Institution of Cultural Studies, Professor, 大学院・総合文化研究所, 教授 (40188868)
ITO Ichiro Waseda University, Faculty of Literature, Professor, 文学部, 教授 (60151495)
HATANAKA Sachiko Chubu University, Faculty of International Relations, Professor, 国際関係学部・地域研究所, 教授 所長 (00019340)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1995 – 1997
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1997)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥11,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥3,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥4,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥4,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000)
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| Keywords | the Ukraine / Russia / Estonia / Lithuania / Ethnic Consciousness / Dissolution of the Soviet Union / Emigrant / Exile / カレリア / エスニシティー / ルシン人 / 国境 / ソ連 / バルト諸国 / ポーランド / エスニシティ |
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| Research Abstract |
Alongside the radical political change in the Eastern Europe and the dissolution of the Soviet Union during the last decade, we have seen various forms of ethnic awaking and the reorganization of ethnic consciousness among these peoples. The present study has aimed to investigate the on-going process of these changes, particularly in relation to the etho-national conflicts and movements raging in such a extent in the Eastern Europe as never since the World War II.Sources were collected mainly through face-to-face interviews with people in order to approach the manifold and dynamic aspects of their ethnic consciousness. The objects of interviews, which were carried out in Russia, the Ukraine, Estonia, Lithuania and Canada, fell into three groups : 1) different social and age groups of a target nationality ; 2) peripheral groups and those who are in a close contact with different nationalities and 3) emigrants or exiles segregated long from a main group. In addition, data were also colle
… More
cted from neighboring nationalities in terms of their attitudes toward a target nationality.
On the basis of the data the following interim conclusions have been so far yeilded. The ethnic consciousness of every people under our study has turned out to be far more ununiform and diverse than our expectation that popular generalization in many cases seems inconsistent with the reality. Ethnic consciousness among both different social and age groups reveals diversity in its range and content. In particular, the ethnic consciousness among a people in a close contact with netighbouring peoples has shown a considerable distance from that of the central and ruling portion of a state. The attitude toward the Russian, for example, is such a case with many peoples. It is also to be pointed out that the national movements of these countries that were previously strongly colored by anti-Sovietism and an independence-seeking motivation have now changed in some respects. The gradual transition of these countries from the state of economical and political disorder to that of balance between powers has clearly been followed by the change of the ethnic consciousness of the peoples. The radical ethnic consciousness based on the crisis of existence and rivalry with others has been gradually replaced by the present more realistic one. The ethnic consciousness among emigrants and exiles however, has been strongly influenced by the political relation between their home state and the present host state as wellas by the national minority policy of the latter toward them. Less
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