Observations of Polar Aerosols at Alaksa and Spitsbergen : Its influence on the global environmental change

• Project/Area Number: 07041100
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: Field Research
• Research Institution: Nagoya University
• Principal Investigator: SHIBATA Takasi Solar-terrestrial environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Associate Professor, 太陽地球環境研究所, 助教授 (70167443)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): BRAATHEN G.O Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 研究員 ; SHAW G Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, 地球物理研究所, 教授 ; 安井 元昭 国立極地研究所, 助手 (80220143) ; NEUBER R Alfred Wagener Institut for Polar and Marine Research, 研究員 ; MIRIMOTO Shinji National Institute of Polar research, 助手 (30270424) ; WADA Makoto National Institute of Polar Research, 助教授 (40132716) ; FUJIWARA Motoo Faculty of Science, Hukuoka University, 理学部, 教授 (80037217) ; OKANO Shouiti National Institute of Polar Research, 助手 (10004483) ; TAGUTI Makoto Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, 理学部, 助手 (70236404) ; HUKUNISI Hirosi Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, 理学部, 教授 (90099937) ; OSADA Kazuo Solar-terrestrial environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, 太陽地球環境研究所, 助手 (80252295) ; HAYASI Masahiko Solar-terrestrial environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, 太陽地球環境研究所, 助手 (50228590) ; MATSUNAGA Katuji Solar-terrestrial environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, 太陽地球環境研究所, 助教授 (60022729) ; IWASAKA Yasunobu Solar-terrestrial environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, 太陽地球環境研究所, 教授 (20022709) ; YASUI M Faculty of Science, kyuushuu University ; SHAW G アラスカ大学, 地球物理研究所, 教授 ; NEUBER R 独アルフレッドウェゲナー研究所, 研究員 ; SHKW G. アラスカ大学, 地球物理研究所, 教授
• Project Period (FY): 1995 – 1996
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 1996)
• Budget Amount: ¥24,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥24,800,000); Fiscal Year 1996: ¥12,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,600,000); Fiscal Year 1995: ¥12,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,200,000)
• Keywords: Stratosphere / Aerosols / Arctic / Spitsbergen / LIDAR / PSCs / Alaska / Ozone / PSC_S / スプッツベルゲン

Research Abstract

The main purpose of this project is the research of the polar stratospheric clouds over Arctic region. We have obtained the following results by the research of the two years : 1) The vertical profiles of PSCs over spitsbergen were observed in the two winter seasons on 1995/1996 and 1996/1997.2) The vertical profiles of ozone over Fairbanks, Alaska were observed in the same winter seasons. 3) The aerosol profiles over Fairbanks were observed by lidar in two years between April 1995 and March 1997.4) The aerosols were directly sampled near the ground level in the same period of the observations of PSCs. The components of the aerosols were obtained by the Chemical analysis. The followings have been found by the results above : 5) The large size liquid PSC particles are often found in the Arctic PSCs. 6) Those PSCs are specially formed when the ambient temperature is dropped near the frost point of ice.
It is reported that the stratospheric ozone was largely depleted over Arctic in the winter 1995/1996. The homogeneous reaction over the PSC particle are thought as the main process that causes the ozone loss. The liquid particles mentioned in 5) would playd major roll in the process. The lidar observed data will geve us precious data set to study the heterogeneous process.

Research Products

• [Publications] T,Shibata et al.: "The appearance of polar stratospheric clouds over Spitsbergen in winter 1994/1995 observed by a lidar" Proc.NIPR Symp.No.51. (in press) (1997)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] T,Shibata et al.: "Raman Lidar Observations : Simultaneous Measurements of Water Vapor,Temperature and Aerosol Vertical Profiles,Part I" J.Geomag.Geoelectr.Vol.48. 1127-1135 (1996)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] T,Shibata et al.: "Raman Lidar Observations : Simultaneous Measurements of Water Vapor,Temperature and Aerosol Vertical Profiles,Part II" J.Geomag.Geoelectr.Vol.48. 1137-1144 (1996)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] T,Shibata et al.: "Liquid Particles and Vertical Sandwich Structure of Polar Stratospheric Clouds Observed by a Lidar over Spitsbergen in the Winter 1994/1995" J.Geophys.Res.Vol.102. (in press) (1997)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] Y.Iwasaka et al.: "Lidar measurements at Alaska,1991-1994 -Pinatubo volcanic effect on stratospheric aerosol layer-" Rev.Laser Engin.Vol.23. 166-170 (1995)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] Y.Iwasaka et al.: "Polar vortex meandering and stratospheric aerosol distribution,lidar measurements at Alaska" J.Geomag.Geoelectr.Vol.48. 1157-1168 (1996)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] Wada,M.and H.Konishi: "A study of precipitating clouds in the vicinity of three fronts and cyclone obtained from obser vations of microwave radiometer and vertically pointing radar in Svalbard,Arctic." Proc.12th International Conference on Clouds and Precipitation. Vol.1. 694-697 (1996)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] Aoki,S.et al.: "Carbon dioxide variations in the Greenland Sea" Proc.Int.Symp.Env.Res.in the Arctic,19-21 Jul.1995,Tokyo.,Mem.Natl.Pol.Res.,Spec.Issue. No.51. (in press) (1997)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] Kotake,T.et al.: "Northern high-latitude total ozone decrease in the late March 1995 : Effect of vertical air motion in the lower stratosphere" Geophys.Res.Lett.(1997)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] Okano,S.,M.Okabayashi,and H Gernandt,Mem.: "Observations of Ozone Profiles in the Upper Stratosphere Using a UV Sensor on board a Light-Weight High-Altitude Balloon" Natl.Inst.Polar Res.,Spec.Issue. 51. 229-235 (1996)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
• [Publications] T.Shibata et al.: "The appearance of polar stratospheric cloouds over Spitsbergen in winter 1994/1995 observed by a lidar" Proc.NIPR Symp.No.51(in press). (1997)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] T.Shibata et al.: "Raman Lidar Observations : Simultaneous Measurements of Water Vapor, temperature and Aerosol Vertical Profiles, Part" J.Geomag.Geoelectr.Vol.48. 1127-1135 (1996)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] T.Shibata et al.: "Raman Lidar Observations : Simultaneous Measurements of Water Vapor, Temperature and Aerosol Vertical Profiles Part" J.Geomag.Geoelectr.Vol.48. 1137-1144 (1996)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] T.Shibata et al.: "Liquid particles and Vertical Sandwich Structure of Polar Stratospheric Clouds Observed by a Lidar over Spitsbergen in the Winter 1994/1995" J.Geophys.Res.Vol.102(in press). (1997)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Y.Iwasaka et al.: "Lidar measurements at Alaska, 1991-1994 -Pinatubo volcanic effect on stratospheric aerosol layr-" Rev.Laser Engin.Vol.23. 166-170 (1995)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Y.Iwasaka et al.: "Polar vortex meandering and stratospheric aerosol distribution, lidar measurements at Alaska" J.Geomag.Geoelectr.Vol.48. 1157-1168 (1996)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Wada, M.and H.Konishi: "A study of precipitating clouds in the vicinity of three fronts and cyclone obtained from observations of microwave radiometer and vertically pointing radar in Svalbard, Arctic." Proc.12th International Conference on Clouds and Precipitation. Vol.1. 694-697 (1996)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Aoki, S.et al.: "Carbon dioxide variations in the Greenland Sea" Proc.Int.Symp.Env.Res.in the Arctic, 19-21 Jul.1995, tokyo. No.51. (1997)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Kotake, T.et al.: "Northern high-latitude total ozone decrease in the late March 1995 : Effect of vertical air motion in the lower stratosphere" Geophys.Res.Lett.(1997)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] Okano, S., M.Okabayashi, and H Gernandt, Mem.Natl.: "Observations of Ozone Profiles in the Upper Stratosphere using a UV Sensor on board a Light-Weight High-Altitude Balloon" Inst.Polar Res., Spec.Issue. 51. 229-235 (1996)
  • Description: 「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
• [Publications] T.Shibata et al.: "The appearance of polar stratospheric cloouds over Spitsbergen in winter 1994/1995 observed by a lidar" Proc.NIPR Symp.NO.50(印刷中). (1997)
• [Publications] T.Shibata et al.: "Raman Lidar Observations:Simil taneous Measurements of Water Vapor,Temperature and Aerosol Vertical Profiles,Part I" J.Geomag.Geoelectr.VOL.48. 1127-1135 (1996)
• [Publications] T.Shibata et al.: "Raman Lidar Observations:Simil taneous Measurements of Water Vapor,Temperature and Aerosol Vertical Profiles,Part II" J.Geomag. Geoelectr.VOL.48. 1137-1144 (1996)
• [Publications] T.Shibata et al.: "Liquid Particles and Vertical Sandwich Structure of Polar Stratospheric Clounds Observed by a Lidar over Spitsbergen in the Winter 1994/1995" J.Geophys.Res.VOL.102(印刷中). (1997)
• [Publications] Y.Iwasaka et al.: "Size distribution of aerosol particles in the free troposphere:Aircraft measurements in the spring of 1991-1994 over Japan" Terr.Atmos.Ocean Sci.(印刷中). (1997)
• [Publications] Y.Iwasaka et al.: "Stratospheric ozone and aerosol measurements in winter 1993/1994 overmid-Japan" J.Met.Soc.Jpn.14・3(印刷中). (1997)
• [Publications] T.Shibata et al.: "The appearance of polar stratospheric cloouds over Spitsbergen in winter 1994/1995 observed by a lidr" Proc. NIPR Symp.(投稿中).
• [Publications] T.Shibata et al.: "Raman Lidar Observations : Simul taneous Measurements of Water Vapor, Temperature and Aerosol Vertical Profiles, Part I" J. Geomag. Geoelectr.(投稿中).
• [Publications] T.Shibata et al.: "Raman Lidar Observations : Simul taneous Measurements of Water Vapor, Temperature and Aerosol Vertical Profiles,Part II" J. Geomag. Geoelectr.(投稿中).
• [Publications] T.Shibata et al.: "Liquid Particles and Vertical Sandwich Structure of Polar Stratospheric Clouds Observed by a Lidar over Spitsbergen in the Winter 1994/1995" J. Geophys. Res.(投稿中).
• [Publications] Y.Iwasaka et al.: "Size distribution of aerosol particles in the free troposphcre : Aircraft measurements in the spring of 1991-1994 over Japan" Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.(印刷中).
• [Publications] Y.Iwasaka et al.: "Stratospheric ozone and aerosolmeasurements in winter 1993/1994 over mid-Japan" J. Met. Soc. Jpn.(投稿中).