New taxonomy of methanogens at the order and family levels
| Project/Area Number |
07044208
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | Joint Research |
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| Research Institution | University of Occupational and Environmental Health |
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Principal Investigator |
KOGA Yasuke Univ.Occupational and Environmental Health Professor, 医学部, 教授 (70012458)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
WHITMAN W.B. University of Georgia, 微生物学教室, 教授
森井 広幸 産業医科大学, 医療技術短大, 助手 (60141743)
西原 正照 産業医科大学, 医学部, 助教授 (20131930)
NISHIHARA M. Univ.Occupational and Environmental Health Professor
MORII H. Univ.Occupational and Environmental Health Professor
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| Project Period (FY) |
1995
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1995)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥1,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥1,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000)
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| Keywords | Archabacteria / Methanogen / Ether lipid / Chemotaxonomy / 16S rRNA / Phylogenetic taxonomy / Methanosarcinales / Methanocaldococcaceae |
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| Research Abstract |
Because almost 80 % of the methanogen species known to data were isolated after 1979 when Balch et al published methanogen taxonomy based on rRNA oligonucleotide cataloging method, reexamination of the taxonomy is required.Present taxonomy of bacteria or archaea is mainly based on phylogenetic relationship by the 16S rRNA sequences as well as phenotypic characteristics.The aim of this project is to combine 16S rRNA sequencing by Whitman with lipid analysis (a phenotype) by us to make joint research on reclassification of methanogens at order and family levels.In the newly developed lipid component parts analysis, we analyzed core lipids, glycolipid-sugars, and phosphodiester-linked polar head groups at the total lipid level without separation or purification of individual lipids.Core lipids were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography after HF treatment to remove polar head groups.Sugars of glycolipids were identified by gas-liquid chromatography of alditol acetate.Glycerophsphodiesters prepared from ether phospholipids with BCl_3 treatment were analyzed by two-dimensional chromatography and electrophoresis on a cellulose plate.The distribution of lipid component parts among methanogen groups was found to be specific to taxa at a family or genus level after we have analyzed 37 species out of total 67 species.For example, the differences in the lipid components and RNA sequences between methanogens of the families Methanosacinaceae and Methanomicrobiaceae was great enough to reclassify these two families into two separate orders.That is, a new order Methanosarcinales should be proposed.Similarly Methanocaldococcaceae should be proposed as a new family for the hyperthermophilic methanococci Mco.jannaschii and Mco.igneus on the basis of both RNA and lipid analyzes.Taxonomic conclusions from the analyzes of lipid and RNA showed sometimes discrepancies.
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Report
(1 results)
Research Products
(6 results)
