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Material cycling and population interactions in food webs, and the evolutionary dynamics of biological communities

Research Project

Project/Area Number 07304078
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section総合
Research Field 生態
Research InstitutionShinshu University

Principal Investigator

SOTA Teiji  Shinshu University, Faculty of Science, Associate Professor, 理学部, 助教授 (00192625)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) SUNAHARA Toshihiko  Saga Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Research Associate, 医学部, 助手 (50264156)
MATSUDA Hiroyuki  University of Tokyo, Ocean Research Institute, Associate Professor, 海洋研究所, 助教授 (70190478)
MOGI Motoyoshi  Saga Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Associate Professor, 医学部, 助教授 (00039538)
KAWABATA Zenichiro  Ehime University, Faculty of Agriculture, Professor, 農学部, 教授 (80108456)
KATO Kenji  Shinshu University, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Professor, 医療技術短期大学部, 教授 (70169499)
Project Period (FY) 1995 – 1996
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1996)
Budget Amount *help
¥1,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥1,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000)
Keywordsfood web / biological community / material cycling / aquatic organisms / bacteria / predation / life history / coevolution / 物質循環 / 物循循環
Research Abstract

This project was to promote ecological studies that analyzes the structure and dynamics of biological communities and food webs in relation to material cycling, interactions among organisms, and evolution of traits associated with resource uses and interspecific interactions. We investigated aquatic communities in natural phytotelmata and in laboratory microcosms as model systems because they possess essential properties of ecological systems, especially environmental patchiness, and are manipulable small, semiclosed systems which are suitable to both field and laboratory studies. In natural phytotelmata including treeholes, bamboo stumps, and pitcher plants, we found several important community properties. (1) In individual phytotelmata, the amount of detritus and stability of aquatic site were correlated with phytotelm size, and the phytotelm size was correlated with biomass and species richness. Thus, local communities were space and/or resource limited. (2) Species interactions (pr … More edation and competition) in local communities occurred among restricted small sets of species ; aggregated distribution in each species and random association between species often resulted in reduced interspecific interactions which might promote species coexistence. (3) Despite the local limitation of community diversity, regional species richness could be maintained in patchy environments, because the patchiness reduces overall strength of interspecific interactions and environmental heterogeneity involved allows niche segregation among species. (4) Evolutionary divergence of life-history and physiological traits, especially in habitat selection and the allocation of energy to foraging, development and growth, and survival, could leads to coexistence of competing species. In microcosm experiments, the importance of microbial loop was emphasized. The use of bacteria by crustaceans as food resources was studied in terms of foraging behavior and nutritional value. A cladocera had a fine trapping mechanism for bacteria. Also, invadability of bacteria into novel environments was studied in relation to application of genetically-engineered useful bacteria for restoring polluted environments. Mathematical models of interacting organisms and food webs in patchy environments are now analyzed to predict evolutionary dynamics of community and food web structures. Less

Report

(3 results)
  • 1996 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1995 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (15 results)

All Other

All Publications (15 results)

  • [Publications] Kato,K.: "Bacteria-a link among ecosystemconstituevts" Researches on Population Ecology. 38(2). 185-190 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sata,T.: "Effects of the capacity on resowce input and aquatic metajoan comwunity structure in phytotelmata" Researches on Population Ecology. 38(1). 65-73 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sata,T.&M.Mogi: "Species richness and altitudinal variation in the metajoan communities in bamboo phytotelmata from North Sulawesi" Researches on Population Ecology. 38(2). 275-281 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sata,T.&M.Mogi&K.Kato: "Lool-and regional-scale community structure in Nepen thes alata pitchers" Biotropica. (印刷中). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sunahara,T.&M.Mogi: "Can the tortoise beat the hare? : apossible mechenism for the coxistence of competing mosquiloes in bamboo groves" Ecological Research. 12(印刷中). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kato, K.: "Bacteria--a link among ecosystem constituents." Researches on Population Ecology. 38. 185-190 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sota, T.: "Effects of the capacity on resource input and aquatic metazoan community structure in phytotelmata." Researches on Population Ecology. 38. 65-73 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sota, T.& M.Mogi.: "Species richness and altitudinal variation in the metazoan communities in bamboo phytotelmata from North Sulawesi." Researches on Population Ecology. 38. 275-281 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sota, T., M.Mogi & K.Kato: "Local-and regional-scale community structure in Nepenthes alata pitchers." Biotropica. (in press). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sunahara, T.and M.Mogi.: "Can the tortoise beat the hare? : A possible mechanism for the coexistence of competing mosquitoes in bamboo groves." Ecological Research. 12 (in press). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kato,K.: "Bacteria-a link among ecosystem constituents." Researches on Population Ecology. 38(2). 185-190 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sota,T.: "Effects of the capacity on resource input and aquatic metazoan community structure in phytotelmata" Researches on Population Ecology. 38(1). 65-73 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sota,T. & M.Mogi: "Species richness and altitudinal variation in the metazoan communirties in bamboo pheytotel mata from North Sulawesi" Researches on Population Ecology. 38(2). 275-281 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sota,T.,M.Mogi & K.Kato: "Local-and regional-scale community structure in Nepen thes alata pitchers" Biotropica. (印刷中). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sunahera,T. & M.Mogi: "Can the tortoise beat the hare? A possible mechanisim for the coexistence of competing mosquitoes in bamboo groves" Ecological Research. (印刷中). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1996-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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