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INVESTIGATION ON THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF PYRENOIDS IN THE CHLOROPLAST OF LOWER PLANTS

Research Project

Project/Area Number 07304082
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section総合
Research Field 生物形態・構造
Research InstitutionUNIVERSITY OF TSUKUBA

Principal Investigator

HORI Terumitsu  UNIVERSITY OF TSUKUBA,INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,PROFESSOR, 生物科学系, 教授 (90057563)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) NOZAKI Hisayoshi  GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SCIENCE,UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO,ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, 大学院・理学系研究科, 助教授 (40250104)
OKADA Mitsumasa  FACULTY OF SCIENCE,TOHO UNIVERSITY,PROFESSOR, 理学部, 教授 (80057629)
TSUZUKI Mikio  SCHOOL OF LIFE SCIENCE,TOKYO UNIV.OF PHARMACY AND LIFE SCIENCE,PROFESSOR, 生命科学部, 教授 (70155430)
OSAFUNE Tetsuaki  DEPARTMENT OF LIFE SCIENCES,NIPPON SPORT SCIENCE UNIVERSITY,PROFESSOR, 健康学科, 教授 (70074630)
ISHIKAWA Ikuko  FACULTY OF EDUCATION,TOKYO GAKUGEI UNIVERSITY,PROFESSOR, 教育学部, 教授 (50074638)
Project Period (FY) 1995 – 1996
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1996)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥4,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,100,000)
KeywordsPYRENOID / CHLOROPLAST / ALGAE / RUBISCO / NUCLEOID / DNA
Research Abstract

Morphological research group : Recent studies indicate that the pyrenoid is an accumulation site of Rubisco in the chloroplast of lower plants. However, Hori demonstrated the localiation of chloroplast DNA in the pyrenoid core of some green algae. We have investigated the behavior of chloroplast DNA and pyrenoids throughout the life cycle of the unicellular green alga, Trebouxia. When the chloroplast divides, the pyrenoid with chloroplast DNA also divides. The chloroplast DNAs are always associated with the pyrenoids during the life cycle of Trebouxia (Miyamura). Ishikawa found the asscoclation of DNAs with lens-shaepd pyrenoids, which are scattered throughout the chloroplast matrix of the diatom, Nitschia sigmoidea. She also found the localization of Rubisco in the pyrenoid core of N.sigmoidea Recently, Suess et al (1995) reported that Rubisco molecules are not highly concentrated in the pyrenoid core of the unicellular green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Their results are inconsis … More tent with recent studies in which most of Rubisco molecules are localized in the pyrenoid core. Thus, Nozaki re-examined the distribution of Rubisco in the cells of C.reinhardtii, and found the localization of most of Rubisco molecules in the pyrenoid core using cryo-fixation and immunogold electron microscopy. In Euglena, small subunit of Rubisco is found to be localized in the compartment alized osmiophilic body (COS) in the cytoplasm. This results suggests that the COS is either the cytoplasmic site of chloroplast protein synthesis or an intermediate compartment in the transport of chloroplast proteins from the ER to the chloroplast (Osafune). Hara re-evaluated the ultrastructure of the pyrenoid as the taxonomic character of unicellullar red algae in Porphyridiales using electron microscopy and molecular phylogenetic techniques. This study suggests that Porphyridiales is not a monophyletic group, although the algae belonging to this group is similar in appearance.
Physiological research group : Rubisco is the major component of the pyrenoid, and in some algae DNA is also present, as described above. However, it is possible that other minor components are present in the pyrenoid core. Therefore, Okada developed the new biochemical techniques in order to identify the minor components of the pyrenoid. The minor components of the pyrenoid will be identified using this technique in near future. When the extracellular CO_2 concentration is lowered from 5% to ordinary air level in the cells of C.reinhardtii, the pyrenoid has become 1.4-1.6 times larger in volume, and the protein concentration has also increased (Tsuzuki). However, the amount of transcripts of small subunit of Rubisco genes decreases under lower CO_2 concentration. These results suggests that when the pyrenoid develops under lower CO_2 concentration, the Rubisco is accumulated in the pyrenoid instead of the synthesis of new molecules. It is known that the pyrenoid core is traversed by thylakoid membranes in most of algae. Nakayama showed that photosystem II is present in the thylakoid membranes in the pyrenoid. Less

Report

(3 results)
  • 1996 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1995 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (27 results)

All Other

All Publications (27 results)

  • [Publications] S.Miyamura,T.Hori,T.Ohya,T.Tohma and T.Ikawa: "Co localization of encoroplast DNA and ribulase-1.5-bispbosphate earboxylaseloxygenase in the so-called pyrenrid of the sipbonous green alga laulerpa lentillifera (Caulerpales,cblorophyta)." Phycologia. 35(2). 156-160 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] E.Mirita,H.Kuroiwa,T.Kuroiwa and H.Nozaki: "High localization of ribulose-1.5-bispbosphate earboxylase/oxygenase in the pyrenrid of Chlamydomonas reinbardtii (Cbloropbyta) as revealed by eryo-firation and insmunoyold elsctron microscopy." Journal of Phycology. 33. 印刷中 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Ehara,T.Osafune and E.Hase: "Association of nuclear and chloroplast DNA molecules in syuchronized cells of Chlamydomonas reinbardtii" Journal of Electron Microrcopy. 45. 159-162 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K.Ishida,T.Nakayawa and Y.Hara: "Taxonomic studies on the Chlorara chnio phyta II. Geveric delimination of the chlorara chnio phytes and description of Gymnocblora steuata gen.et.sp.nov. and Lothavella gen nov." Phycological Research. 44. 37-45 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] N.Sato,K.Sonoike,M.Tsuzuki and A.Kawaguchi: "Photo syuthetic ehavasteristics of a mutant of chlamydomonas rain bardtii impaired in fatty acid desaturation in chloropeast." Biochim.Biophys.Acta. 1274. 112-118 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] A.Sakai,Y.Yashiro,S.Kawano and T.Kuroiwa: "Amyloplast formation in cultured tobacco cells ; effects of plant hormones on multiplication,size,and starch contents." Plant cell Reports. 15. 601-605 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 渡辺信・堀 輝三(共訳): "陸上植物の起源・緑藻から緑色植物へ" 内旧老鶴圃, 359 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] MIYAMURA,S., HORI,T., OHYA,T., TOHMA,T.& IKAWA,T.: "Colocalization of chloroplast DNA and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in the so-called pyrenoid of the siphonous green alga Caulerpa lentillifera (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta)" Phycologia. 35(2). 156-160 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] MORITA,E., KUROIWA,H., KUROIWA,T.& NOZAKI,H.: "High localization of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in the pyrenoid of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyta) as revealed by cryo-fixation and immunogold electron microscopy" Journal of Phycology. 33(in press). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] EHARA,T., OSAFUNE,T.& HASE,E.: "Association of nuclear and chloroplast DNA molecules in synchronized cells of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii" Journal of Electron Microscopy. 45. 159-162 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] ISHIDA,K., NAKAYAMA,T.& HARA,Y.: "Taxonomic studies on the Chlorarachniophytall. Generic delimination of the chlorarachniophytes and description of Gymnochiora stellata gen.et.sp.nov.and Lotharella gen.nov." Phycological Research. 44. 37-45 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] SATO,N,SONOIKE,K., TSUZUKI,M.& KAWAGUCHI,A.: "Photosynthetic characteristica of a mutant of Chiamydomonas reinhardtii impaired in fatty acid desaturation in chloroplast." Biochem.Biophys.Acta. 1274. 112-118 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] SAKAI,A., YASHIRO,Y., KAWANO,S.& KUROIWA,T.: "Amyloplast formation in cultured tobacco cells ; efects of plants hormones on multiplication, size, and starch contents." Plant Cell Reports. 15. 601-605 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] WATANABE,S.& HORI,T.: ORIGIN OF LAND PLANTS (IN JAPANESE). UCHIDA ROKAKUHO, 359 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] S,Miyamura,T.Hori,T.Ohga,T.Tohama and T.Ikeda: "Co-Iocalization of chloroplast DNA and ribulose-1,5-bis phosphate carboxylas/loxygenase in the so-called prronoid of the slphanous greenalga Canlorpe lantiuifer Ccalepales,Chlorophyta)." plycologia. 35(2). 156-160 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] N.Mikita and I.Shikita.Ishikawa: "Chroroplast asserblage by mechanicel stimulation and its mtereellular transmission in diatou cells." protoplasma. (印刷中). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Osafune,S.Schuotzback and M.Yamamoto: "Imuminocytochemical localization of RuBisCo in the compartmentalized osmiophilic body in dark-grown cells of Euglena gracilis Z." Journal of Electron Microscopy. 45. 239-241 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] R.Inokuchi,T.Itagaki,J.T.Wiskich,K.Nakagawa and M.Okada: "An NADP-specific glutamate delydrogcuase from the green alga Bryspsis maxima.Purification and phoperties" Plant and cell Physiology. (印刷中). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] A.Sakai,K.Yashiro,S.Kowasus and T.Kuroiwa: "Auyloplast formation in cultured tabacco cells;effects of plant hormoues on multiplication,size,and starcb coutent." Plant cell Reports. 15. 601-605 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] E.Miyata,H.Kuroiwa,T.Kuroiwa and H.Nozaki: "High localization of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/moxygauase in the pyrenoid of Chlausudauvase reiuhardtii (chlorophyta)as revealed by cryo-fuxation and immunsgold electron siscrossey." Journal of Phycology. 33(印刷中). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 渡辺 信・堀 輝三(共訳): "陸上植物の起源・緑藻から緑色植物へ" 内田老鶴圃, 359 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Miyamura et al.: "Co-localization of chloropiast DNA And ribuloso-1, 5-biphospbetc carboxylasel oxygenase in the sc-called pgrenoid of the siphonous green alga, caulerpa lentiffefera (Caulerpales, Chleropbfta)." Phycologia. 35(印刷中). (1996)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S. Mayama & I. Shihira-Ishikawa: "Cbloroplast nucleoid-like DNA spots acattered in drdoroplret of Pinnularia nobilis." Jpn. J. Phycol. 42. 437-441 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] H. Nozaki et al.: "Phylogenetic relation slips within the coloneal Volvocales (Chlorophyta) in ferred from rbcl gene sezulncedata." J. Phycol. 31. 970-979 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] N. Sato et al.: "Isclation and obrracterization of mutants affected in lipid metabolism of Cblamydomonas reinbardtii." Eur. g. Biochem.230. 987-993 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K. Miyake et al.: "Water-scluble pigments containing xylese and glucose in gametangia of the green alga, Bryopsis maxims." Plant Cell Physcol. 36. 109-113 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S. Miyamura & T. Hori: "Further confirmation of the presence of DNA in the pyrenoid core of the acphonous green algal genus Caulerpa (Caulerpalis,ttlvophyceae)" Phycol Reser.43. 101-104 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1996-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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