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神経細胞死とそれを防御するトランスポーター種とその機序

Research Project

Project/Area Number 07408024
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Nerve anatomy/Neuropathology
Research InstitutionOsaka University

Principal Investigator

遠山 正彌  大阪大学, 医学部, 教授 (40028593)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 金銅 英二  兵庫医科大学, 講師 (50273636)
和中 明生  福島県立医科大学, 教授 (90210989)
島田 昌一  大阪大学, 医学部, 助教授 (20216063)
古山 達雄  大阪大学, 医学部, 助手 (20238702)
Project Period (FY) 1995 – 1997
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1997)
Budget Amount *help
¥35,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥35,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥7,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,400,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥6,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥21,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥21,000,000)
Keywords神経細胞死 / 新規ペプチドトランスポーター / PHT1 / 亜鉛トランスポーター / オスモライトトランスポーター / 浸透圧 / オスモライト / グルタミン酸 / 防御機構 / トランスポーター
Research Abstract

神経細胞死に関連して発現する遺伝子.蛋白群をディファレンシャルディスプレイ法を用いて検索した。実験的に脳浮腫を引き起こさせたマウス大脳皮質より新規の遺伝子が単離された。種々の検索の結果、この蛋白は世界で初めて見いだされた脳特異的新規ペプチドトランスポーター(PT)であることが判明した。このPTは膜12回貫通型で、温度依存性、プロトン依存性であった。さらにこのPTはヒスチジンを特異的に取り込み、その取り込みはジペプチドやトリペプチドで阻害された。脳では神経細胞とグリア細胞の両者に発現している。我々はこのPTをペプチド/ヒスチジン トランスポーター(PHT)1と名づけた。PHT1はシナプス間隙においてペプチデ-スで断片化されたジ-あるいはトリペプチドをプレ側に取り込み、再び、ペプチドの材料として再利用するための働きや、脳浮腫時に神経細胞を細胞死から守るために、ペプチド断片をオスモライトとして取り込み、細胞内外の浸透圧維持に関与していると思われる。我々は一過性虚血を負荷された砂ネズミ海馬より亜鉛トランスポーター1型(ZnT1)遺伝子を単離した。この遺伝子は一過性に虚血を負荷された海馬CA1錐体細胞内に24時間から3日後まで上昇する。術後1週間ではCA1錐体細胞の消失とともに、ZnT1遺伝子の発現は消失する。しかしZnT1自体の蛋白は発現しない。培地に亜鉛を加えると神経細胞は亜鉛を取り込み死にいたる。この細胞にZnT1蛋白を発現させると神経細胞は死なない。一過性虚血を引き起こした海馬CA1では亜鉛の集積が起こり海馬CA1細胞は亜鉛を取り込む。CA1細胞は取り込んだ亜鉛を細胞外の排除するためにZnT1亜鉛を発現させるが、蛋白にまでは翻訳されないので、その機能が発揮できず、死に至る。さらに本研究ではオスモライトトランスポーターが脳浮腫による神経細胞死を防ぐ働きがあることをも、併せて明らかとした。

Report

(3 results)
  • 1997 Annual Research Report
  • 1996 Annual Research Report
  • 1995 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (25 results)

All Other

All Publications (25 results)

  • [Publications] Natsuo N、Ogawa S,Takagi T.et al.: "Cloning ofa Putative Vesicle Transport-related Protein,RA410,from Cultured Rat Astorocytes and Its Expression in Ischemic Rat Brain" J Bio Chem. 272(26). 16438-16444 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Mishimura M、Sato K,Mizuno M.et al.: "Differntial expression patterns of GABA transporters (GAT1-3) in the rat olfactory bulb" Mol Bra Res. 45. 268-274 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Morimura H、Shimada S,Otori Y.et al.: "The differential osmoregulation and localization of taurine transporter mRNA and Na+/myo-inositol cotransporter mRNA in rat eyes" Mol Bra Res. 44. 245-252 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tsuda M,Imaizumi K,Katayama T. et al.: "Expressionod Zinc Transporter Gene,ZnT-1,Is Induces after Transient Forebrain Ischemia in the Gerbil" J Neurosci. 17(17). 6678-6684 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yasumi M,Sato K,Shimada S.et al.: "Regional distribution of GABA transprter 1(GAT1)mRNA in the rat brain : Comparison with glutamic acid decarboxylase67(GAD67)mRNA brain : Comparison with glutama localization" Mol Bra Res. 44. 205-218 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sakata K, Sato K., Shimada S.et al.: "Characteriation of glycine release mediated by glycine transpoter 1 stably expressed in HEK-293 cells" Mol Bra Re. 49. 89-94 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Wei Guo,Shimada S,Tajiri H.et al.: "Developmental regulation of Na+/myo-inositol cotransporter gene expression" Mol Bra Res. 51. 91-96 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kitamura H,Yamauchi A,Sugiura T et al.: "Inhibition of myo-inositol transport causes acute renal failure with selective medullary injury in the the rat" Kidney International. 53. 146-153 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamashita T,Kohmura E,Yuguchi T, et al.: "Changes in glutamate/asparate transporter (GLAST/GluT-1) mRNA expression following facial nerve transection." Mol Brain Res. 38(2). 294-299 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamashita T,Kohmura E,Yuguchi T, et al.: "Induction of Na+/myo-inositol cotransporter mRNA after focal cerebral ischemia : evidence for extensive osmotic stress in remote areas." J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 16(6). 1203-1210 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Morimura H,Shimada S,Otori Y, et al.: "Expression of Na+/myo-inositol cotransporter mRNA in normal and hypertonic stress rat eyes." Mol Brain Res. 35(1-2). 333-338 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Miyai A,Yamauchi A,Moriyama T, et al.: "Expression of betaine transporter mRNA : its unique localization and rapid regulation in rat kidney." Kidney Int. 50(3). 819-27 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Minami Y,Shimada S,Inoue K, et al.: "Expression of Na^+/myo-inositol cotransporter mRNA in the inner ear of the rat." Mol Brain Res. 35(1-2). 319-324 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Minami Y,Inoue K,Shimada S, et al.: "Rapid and transient up-regulation of Na^+/myo-inositol cotransporter transcription in the brain of acute hypernatremic rats." Mol Brain Res. 40(1). 64-70 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Masago A,Shimada S,Minami Y, et al.: "GLAST mRNA expression in the periventricular area of experimental hydrocephalus." Neuroreport. 7(15-17). 2565-2570 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Inoue K,Shimada S,Minami Y, et al.: "Cellular localization of Na^+/MYO-inositol co-transporter mRNA in the brain." Neuroreport. 7(6). 1195-8 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Inoue K,Sato K,Tohyama M, et al.: "Widespread brain distribution of mRNA encoding the orphan neurotransmitter transporter 7-3." Mol Brain Res. 37(1-2). 217-23 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Fujita M,Shimada S,Tohyama M, et al.: "Visulization of ischemic insult in caudate putamen with beta-CIT." J Nucl Med. 37(7). 1214-8 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Fujita M,Nishino H,Kumazaki M, et al.: "Expression of dopamine transporter mRNA and its binding site in fetal nigral cells transplanted into the striatum of 6-OHDA lesioned rat." Mol Brain Res. 39(1-2). 127-136 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamauchi A,Miyai A,Shimada S, et al.: "Localization and rapid regulation of Na+/myo-inositol cotransporter in rat kidney." J Clin Invest. 96(3):. 1195-201 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Inoue K、Sakaitani M,Shimada S, et al.: "Cloning and expression of a bovine glutamate transporter." Mol Brain Res. 28(2). 343-348 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Miyai A,Yamauchi A,Nakanishi T.et al.: "Na^+/myo-inositol cotransport is regulated by tonicity in cultured rat mesangial cells" Kidney Int. 47:. 473-480 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Morimura,H.,et al.: "Expression of Na^+/Myo-Inositol Cotransporter mRNA in the Norman and Hypertonic stress Rat Eyes." Mol.Brain Res.35. 333-338 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamashita,T.et al.: "Cloning and Functional Expression of a Brain peptide/histidine Transporter." J.Biol.Chem.in press.

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamashita,T.et al.: "Changes in Glutamate/aspartate Transporter(GLAST/GluT-1)mRNA Expression Following Facial Nerve Transection." Mol.Brain Res.in press.

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1995-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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