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The historical research on the leagal statuses and privileges of the bureaucrats in pre-modern China

Research Project

Project/Area Number 07451081
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Asian history
Research InstitutionTohoku Univ.

Principal Investigator

YASUDA Jiro  Tohoku Univ., Faculty of Letters., Prof., 文学部 (90036666)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) TERADA Hiroaki  Tohoku Univ., Faculty of Laws., Prof., 法学部, 教授 (60114568)
MIURA Shuichi  Tohoku Univ., Faculty of Letters., Associate Prof., 文学部, 助教授 (80190586)
KUMAMOTO Takashi  Tohoku Univ., Faculty of Letters., Prof., 文学部, 教授 (00153354)
NAKAJIMA Ryuzo  Tohoku Univ., Faculty of Letters., Prof., 文学部, 教授 (10004061)
YAMADA Katsuyoshi  Tohoku Univ., Center for Northeast Asian Studies., Prof., 東北アジア研究センター, 教授 (20002553)
遠藤 隆俊  東北大学, 文学部, 助手 (00261561)
Project Period (FY) 1995 – 1997
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1997)
Budget Amount *help
¥5,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥1,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥1,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥3,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000)
Keywordspre-modern China / emperor / bureaucrat / leagal status / privileges / criminal code / Pa-i** / aristocracy / 士大夫 / 司馬炎 / 法的合意 / 宗教 / 書院 / 宗族 / 中国 / 裁判 / 調停
Research Abstract

We have approached to the matter entitled avove through the investigation of the system of Pa-i ** which is the privilege bestowed on the bureaucrats concerning the criminal code. Some of important results are as follows ;
1. The first instance was 200B.C, when the first Emperor of the Former Han ** dynasty gave the privileges to his close attendants. Afterward the extent of bureaucrats given this privileges Was gradually expanded. In 27A.D.district magistrators at the lowest rank were allowed too.
2. We can conclude from the analysis of concrete cases that already in the Tai-shin Statutes *** edited in 268A.D., the procedures on Pa-i were regulated as in the Tang Statutes **.
3. The criticism on Pa-i such as "it only leaves the gigantic wickedmen free" shows how frequently this system was practiced and how enormous its evil effects were under flue Western Chin ** dynasty.
4. From the second half of fourth century on, we cannot find its practices anymore. But heavy punishment for the bureaucrats were not made by the Public Execution but by the Allowed Suicide in most cases. in this fact we can see some influence of Pa-i.
5. From the first, this system did not apply to serious crimes such as the plot against the Emperor or the State, and procedurally the judicial officer's application of Pa-i required the Emperor's approval. These facts indicate that the Emperor could very often interfere in the practices of this system. So this penal privileges for the bureaucrats were simply unstable. In the Tang period when the power of the Emperor was strengthened, therefore, an bureaucrat insisted that the adherence of Pa-i system was nothing but protection of their inalienable rights.

Report

(4 results)
  • 1997 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1996 Annual Research Report
  • 1995 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (33 results)

All Other

All Publications (33 results)

  • [Publications] 安田 二郎: "西晋武帝好色攷" 東北大学東洋史論集. 7. 1-100 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 山田 勝芳: "中国古代の墳丘規定と新出漢簡" 東北大学日本文化研究所研究年報. 32. 85-115 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 中嶋 隆藏: "慧可と向居士の往復書簡" 東洋文化研究所紀要. 131. 1-25 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 熊本 崇: "慶暦から熙寧へ-諫官欧陽修をめぐって-" 東北大学東洋史論集. 7. 154-238 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 三浦 秀一: "学生呉澄、あるいは宋末における書院の興隆について" 文化. 60-3・4. 37-56 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 寺田 浩明: "権利と冤抑-清代聴訟世界の全体像-" 法学. 61-5. 1-84 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yasuda, J.: "An Essay on Sensuality of Wu Ti (**) of the Western Chin (**) Dynasty" THE TOHOKU-DAIGAKU-TOYOSHI-RONSHU. 7. 1-100 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yamada, K.: "On the provision for the scale of mausoleum in ancient China" REPORTS OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR JAPANESE CULTURE. 32. 85-115 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nakajima, R.: "Zuo wang lun's (***) An-xin thought and it's intellectual background" SHUKAN TOYOGAKU. 73. 43-59 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nakajima, R.: "A study on the correspondencies between Hui Ko ** and a buddhist priest Hasiang *" THE MEMOIRS OF THE INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL CULTURE. 131. 1-25 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Nakajima, R.: "A short essay on some missing pieces of Wang Pi's ** "Lun-yu-shih-i ****"" SHUKAN TOYOGAKU. 77. 112-121 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kumamoto, T.: "The official investiture of the Crown Prince Chao Chen (**, **) -as the history of preceding Ch'ing-Li (**) era-" SHUKAN TOYOGAKU. 79. 44-68 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kuamamoto, T.: "From Ch'ing-li (**) era to the Hsi-ning (**) era in the Sung (*) Dynasty-Centring around Remoustrance Official Ou-yang Hsiu (***)-" THE TOHOKU-DIAGAKU-TOYOSHI-RONSHU. 7. 154-238 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Miura, S.: "An essay on Ch'uan Chen Chiao *** in the turning era from the Chin * to the Yuan * dynasty" THE ANNUAL REPORTS OF THE FACULTY OF ARTS AND LETTERS TOHOKU UNIVERSITY. 45. 105-135 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Miura, S.: "On a student Wu Ch'eng ** or on the rise of the Academies in the late Sung * dynasty" BUNKA. 60-3/4. 37-56 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Terada, H.: ""Adjudication" or "Mediation"? -On recent Works of Philip C.C.Huang-" STUDIES IN CHINESE HISTORY. 5. 177-217 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Terada, H.: "Rights and grievances (yuanyi**) : Reconsidering the nature of hearing plaints (tingsong **) procedure in Qing China" HOGAKU. 61-5. 1-84 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1997 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 中嶋隆蔵: "仏教の受容と変容" 東アジア仏教. 2. 4-35 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 中嶋隆蔵: "王弼『論語釈疑』佚文小考" 集刊東洋学. 77. 112-121 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 寺田浩明: "権利と冤抑-清代聴訟世界の全体像" 法学. 61-5. 1-84 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 安田二郎: "西晋武帝の「好色」について" 東北大学東洋史論集. 7. 1-88 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 熊本崇: "慶歴から煕寧へ" 東北大学東洋史論集. 7. 122-207 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 中嶋隆藏: "慧可と向居士の往復書簡" 東洋文化研究所紀要. 131. 1-25 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 三浦 秀一: "学生呉澄、あるいは宗末における書院の興隆について" 文化. 60-3・4. 37-56 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 遠藤 隆俊: "作為された系譜" 集刊東洋学. 75. 83-106 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 安田 二郎: "西普武帝の「好色」について" 東北大学東洋史論集. 7(未定). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 熊本 崇: "慶暦から煕寧へ" 東北大学東洋史論集. 7(未定). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 山田勝芳: "中国古代の墳丘規定と新出漢簡" 日本文化研究所研究報告. 32(未定). (1996)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 中嶋隆藏: "漢末魏初における道徳論" 栗原圭介博士頌寿記念東洋学論集. 1. 299-314 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 中嶋隆藏: "「忘」の思想" 町田三郎教授退官記念中国思想史論叢. 1. 81-104 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 中嶋隆藏: "「坐忘論」の安心思想とその周辺" 集刊東洋学. 73. 43-59 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 三浦秀一: "金元の際の全真教" 東北大学文学部研究年報. 45. (1996)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 寺田浩明: "清代民事司法論における「裁判」と「調停」" 中國史學. 5. 177-217 (1995)

    • Related Report
      1995 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1995-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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