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Morpho-physiological studies on gas exclusion system of a crop root relating to salt and drought tolerances

Research Project

Project/Area Number 07456009
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 作物学
Research InstitutionOkayama University

Principal Investigator

HIRAI Yoshihiko (1996)  Okayama Univ., Fac.of Agr., Research Associate, 農学部, 助手 (80263622)

土屋 幹夫 (1995)  岡山大学, 農学部, 助教授 (80127571)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 平井 儀彦  岡山大学, 農学部, 助手 (80263622)
Project Period (FY) 1995 – 1996
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1996)
Budget Amount *help
¥5,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥4,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,000,000)
KeywordsGas exclusion / Dissolved gas / Drought tolerance / Salt tolerance / Rice / 溶存ガス
Research Abstract

It is reported that cavitation, i.e.bubbles in xylem solution produced by negative pessure, prevents water absorption and occurs only in plants which suffer severe drought stress. This suggests a possibility of dissolved-gas exclusion in the process of water absorption in plant roots. In this research, a mechanism of gas exclusion, structural characteristics and gas exclusion ratio in several gases were studied.
Dissolved-gas content in xylem sap was compared with that in root culture solution by using rice and barley roots. Xylem sap was sampled from the stele of proximal end of a excised root exposed to air- or nitrogen gas-saturated distillled water with 0.3 or 0.5 MPa of hydraulic pressure. As a result, a root has a function to exclude dissolved gas from culture solution in the process of water uptake.
The gas exclusion rate (1-Gr/Gc, Gr : dissolved-gas content in root xylem, Gc : dissolved-gas content in culture solution) of rice roots which grown under different drought stress conditions was investigated. The gas exclusion rate of a root grown under severe drought stress condition was higher. In those roots, the intense fluorescence in cortical sclerenchyma and endodermis was induced by using a berberine-aniline blue fluorescent staining procedure. This suggest that the gas exclusion rate relate to the component of the root.
The gas exclusion rate of rice roots exposed oxygen or nitrogen gas-saturated distillled water were investigated. The gas exclusion rate of oxygen gas was higher. This suggest that each gases in culture solution are excluded separately in plant root.

Report

(3 results)
  • 1996 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1995 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1995-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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