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Destructive capability and the mitigation of pyroclastic flows and surges

Research Project

Project/Area Number 07458087
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Natural disaster science
Research InstitutionNihon University

Principal Investigator

ARAMAKI Shigeo  Nihon University, Department of Earth Sciences Professor, 文理学部, 教授 (60012895)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) YASUI Maya  Nihon University, Department of Earth Sciences Assistant, 文理学部, 助手 (90287566)
ENDO Kunihiko  Nihon University, Department of Earth Sciences Professor, 文理学部, 教授 (70059781)
印牧 もと子  日本大学, 文理学部, 助手 (40267000)
Project Period (FY) 1995 – 1996
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1996)
Budget Amount *help
¥6,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥2,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥4,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,100,000)
Keywordspyroclastic flow / pyroclastic surge / volcanic disasters / Fugendake, Unzen volcano / サージ
Research Abstract

1. An extensive field work was made on the disasters done by the pyroclastic flow of June 3,1991. Even after the cessation of the eruptive activity of Fugendake, there is a wide area left off limits to the general public because of possible danger. This made our field investigation difficult and incomplete but an effort was made to carry out field investigation of the main part of the pyroclastic flow, pyroclastic surges and seared zones.
2. Interviews were made with civil defense specialists, hospital medical doctors and others, who participated rescue operations during the crises. Comparison was then made with the results of BAXTER (1989).
3. Detailed interviews were made with witnesses who encountered the pyroclastic surge of June 3,1991, many of them received burns but survived. Special emphasis was put on the topics of physical damages and the time sequences of the phenomena associated with the on-slaught of the pyroclastic surge. The most valuable testimonies were given by a taxi driver, people who were in their houses when attacked by the surge and later escaped, and those who witnessed the pyroclastic flow from the safe, southern side.
4. Based on these testimonies and collected physical evidences, physical and medical effects of surges on buildings, trees, and humans were assessed. Most, if not all of the victims were in the zone of pyroclastic surge where they died of introduction of hot ash into their winds and of heavy skin burns. No severe physical damages were evident when they were struck by the surge in the open. Possible ways of mitigating the damage were discussed, including the possible way of escaping from serious burns and inhaling hot ash.

Report

(3 results)
  • 1996 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1995 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (12 results)

All Other

All Publications (12 results)

  • [Publications] 荒牧 重雄: "もし雲仙でピナツボ級の噴火が起きたら" 月刊,地球. 号外15. 168-178 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 谷口 宏光・荒牧 重雄: "火砕流温度と火山災害" 伝熱研究. 139. 11-20 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 荒牧 重雄: "伊豆東部火山群" 地震予知総合調査会. (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 遠藤 邦彦: "千本木地区を襲った雲仙岳1993年6月23-24日火砕流・火砕サージの特徴と災害" 日本大学文理学部自然科学研究所「研究紀要」. 31. (1)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 荒牧 重雄: "火山災害.力武常次監修,近代世界の災害" 国会資料編纂会, 145-184 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] ARAMAKI,S.: "What will happen if Unzen volcano erupted in the same scale as did Pinatubo?" Gekkan Chikyu. 15. 168-178 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] ARAMAKI,S.: Volcanic disasters, in RIKITAKE,T,ed., Disasters of the modern world.Kokkai-Shiryou-Hensansho, 145-184 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 荒牧重雄: "もし雲仙でピナツボ級の噴火が起きたら" 月刊,地球,号外,(雲仙普賢岳の噴火). 15. 168-178 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 谷口宏光: "火砕流温度と火山災害" 伝熱研究. 139. 11-20 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 遠藤邦彦: "千本木地区を襲った雲仙岳1993年6月23-24日火砕流・火砕サージの特徴と災害" 日本大学文理学部自然科学研究所「研究紀要」. 31. 115-121 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 遠藤邦彦: "雲仙普賢岳噴火に伴う火砕流堆積地形とその変化" 西南学院大学児童教育学論集. 23. 147-162 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 荒牧重雄: "近代世界の災害 力武常次監修," 国会資料編纂会, 145-184 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1995-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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