• Search Research Projects
  • Search Researchers
  • How to Use
  1. Back to previous page

Studies on proteinaceous toxins newly found in bivalves belonging to the genus Corbicula

Research Project

Project/Area Number 07660267
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Fisheries chemistry
Research InstitutionTokyo University of Fisheries

Principal Investigator

SHIOMI Kazuo  Tokyo Univ.of Fish., Dept.of Food Sci.& Technol., Professor, 水産学部, 教授 (90111690)

Project Period (FY) 1995 – 1996
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1996)
Budget Amount *help
¥2,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000)
Fiscal Year 1995: ¥1,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000)
KeywordsCorbicula japonica / Corbicula leana / Corbicula sandai / Toxicity / Proteinaceous toxins / タンパク毒
Research Abstract

1.All specimens of the brackishwater clam Corbicula japonica obtained from various places of Japan were toxic when their aqueous extracts were intravenously injected into mice. As to toxicity, there were no sexual and seasonal variations but a local variation was obviously recognized. Two other Corbicula species (C.leana and C.sandai) were also toxic, though at much lower levels than C.japonica. Irrespective of the species, viscera were non-toxic and several muscular tissues were toxic ; the highest toxicity was observed in foot muscle for C.japonica, siphon for C.leana and mantle muscle for C.sandai. No toxicity was detected in 12 species of bivalves other than Corbicula species.
2.The C.japonica toxin was purified by hydrophobic chromatography, gel filtration and ion-exchange FPLC and shown to be a weakly basic protein with a molecular weight of 25,000 and a pI of 7.7. Its LD_<50> (intravenous injection into mice) was estimated to be 11 mug/kg. The toxin showed hemolytic activity but lacked anti-microbial activity. Although the toxins of C.leana and C.sandai could not be obtained in a pure form, they were comparable to that of C.japonica with respect to stability and molecular weight.
3.An attempt was made to improve the time-consuming purification method for the C.japonica toxin described above. As a result, the toxin was purified by only two steps comprising the binding to sheep erythrocyte membranes and ion-exchange FPLC.
4.The Corbicula toxins evoke no serious problem to the human health, since they are very unstable to heating and non-toxic upon oral administration. They are of scientific importance in that they are the first examples of proteinaceous toxins from bivalves.

Report

(3 results)
  • 1996 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1995 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (5 results)

All Other

All Publications (5 results)

  • [Publications] Kazuo Shiomi: "Detection of a Proteinaceous toxin in the braekishwater clam (Corbicula japonica)" Toxicon. 33. 699-702 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 塩見一雄: "シジミ類のタンパク毒" 化学と生物. 34. 218-219 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kazuo Shiomi: "Detection of a proteinaceous toxin in the brackishwater clam (Corbicula japonica)" Toxicon. 33. 699-702 (1995)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kazuo Shiomi: "Proteinaceous toxins in Corbicula clams" Kagaku-to-Seibutsu. 34. 218-219 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1996 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 塩見一雄: "シジミ類のタンパク毒" 化学と生物. 34(4). 218-219 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 1995-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

Information User Guide FAQ News Terms of Use Attribution of KAKENHI

Powered by NII kakenhi