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Protection of Global Environment and Free Trade

Research Project

Project/Area Number 08044040
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
SectionJoint Research
Research Field 経済政策(含経済事情)
Research InstitutionRitsumeikan University

Principal Investigator

SHIBATA Hirofumi  Ritsumeikan Univ., Collge of Policy Science, Professor, 政策科学部, 教授 (80112001)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) ABE Kenzo  Osaka University, Professor, 経済学部, 教授 (00175902)
IHORI Toshihiro  University of Tokyo, Professor, 経済学部, 教授 (40145652)
HATTA Tatsuo  University of Tokyo, Professor, 空間情報科学研究センター, 教授 (70008647)
PANAGARIYA Arvind  University of Maryland, Professor, 経済学部, 教授
UETA Kazuhiro  Kyoto University, Professor, 経済学部, 教授 (20144397)
MCGUIRE Mart  カルホルニア大学, アーバイン校・経済学部, 教授
PANAGARIYA A  メリーランド大学, 経済学部, 教授
柴田 愛子  関西学院大学, 経済学部, 教授 (50178901)
福島 隆司  東京都立大学, 経済学部, 教授 (30228887)
LEE Hiro  名古屋大学, 国際開発研究科, 助教授
ELーAGRAN Ali  福岡大学, 商学部, 教授 (90202754)
DRYSDNLE Pet  オーストラリア国立大学, 燕日豪研究所, 教授所長
PANAGARIYN A  メリーランド大学, 経済学部, 教授
INTRILLGATOR マイケル ティー  カルホルニア大学, ロスアンジェルス校, 教授
Project Period (FY) 1996 – 1998
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1998)
Budget Amount *help
¥20,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥20,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥6,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥7,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥6,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,400,000)
KeywordsFree trade / Global Environment / Property Rights / Carbon Tax / Nash Equilibrium / Abatement Behavion / 外部性 / ロードプライシング / 汚染税 / 取引可能排出許可証 / 地球温暖化 / 国際自由貿易 / WTO / 環境集約的産業 / 地球環境問題 / 課徴金 / 排出許可証 / COP-3 / 経済的手段 / 気候変動枠組条約 / 地球環境 / 貿易と環境 / 世界貿易機構 / 南北問題 / 地球資源
Research Abstract

This project investigated the relationships between protection of global environment and international free trade regime. Soon after the World War II, GATT was established to promote free trade and that spirit was re-established in the WTO in 1995. The idea was that uninhibited international flows of goods and services would promote production efficiency in each country participating in the free trade. However, a doubt was cast on this idea from the point of view of the global environmental protection. Much of exports from developing countries consist of natural raw material and raw material intensive products. Because raw materials are often under-priced or not priced at all in these countries due to the absence or imperfection of ownership rights, the raw materials and their derivatives are exported at the price below their social costs. Consequently, non-conservation of natural resources and degradation of the environment result. Restrictions aimed at discouraging exportation of the … More se items, it is argued, would facilitate protection of the natural resources and global environment.
This project examined theoretical soundness of these arguments and investigated alternative means of protecting the environment. Although complexity of the issues prevent us from reaching clear cut conclusions, it is found that the free trade itself is not at fault. The defects in the property right system and not sufficiently competitive domestic markets should be blamed. Nevertheless, if the defects in the right systems and imperfection of the market can not be remedied easily, restrictions on international trade might be justified as a second best solution.
Another aspect of environmental issues is the trans-nationalness of the environmental pollution such as acid rain and global warming. These global phenomena produce differentiated effects on trading countries' comparative advantages and distort locations of efficient production. Internationally concerted corrective actions are required. From this point of view, a uniform rate Ionian taxes and tradable pollution permits are often recommended for prevention of regional or global pollution. But our investigation produced a conclusion that casts a doubt on the theoretical soundness of these proposals. Because the polluters are often victims by themselves they adjust their polluting activities. A solution, therefore, requires means that shifts the existing Nash equilibrium to a more Pareto Preferred Nash equilibrium. For this purpose a set of differentiated rates is required for the Pigovian tax approach. Less

Report

(4 results)
  • 1998 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1997 Annual Research Report
  • 1996 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (60 results)

All Other

All Publications (60 results)

  • [Publications] 柴田弘文: "現代環境理論の二つの誤謬"『現代経済学の潮流1996』 (大山道弘、西村和雄、吉川洋と共編). 63-88 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 阿部顕三: "環境資源の所有権と国際貿易"政策科学. 49-61 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 阿部顕三: "社会的共通資本と貿易"『環境と経済に関する研究』 (浅子和美、篠原総一と共著). (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 阿部顕三: "環境と貿易"『21世紀の経済改革』 (惣宇利紀男、服部容教と共著). 61-78 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 阿部顕三: "貿易と自由化と環境問題"改革者. 38-41 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 李 秀徹: "韓国の環境賦課金制度"アジアの環境問題. 250-265 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 兒山真也: "ロードプライシングの都市間比較ーシンガポールとノルウェー"交通学研究. (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirofumi Shibata: "Doubtful Merits of Equal-Rate Pigovian Taxes and Tradable Permits in Controlling Global Pollution"The Economics of pollution Control in the Asia Pacific. 296-319 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirofumi Shibata & Arvind Panagariya: "Defense and Welfare under Rivalry"The International Economic Review. (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toshihiro Ihori: "Environmental Externalities, Abatement Behavior and Consumption Taxes"Discussion Paper, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo. 1-24 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toshihiro Ihori: "Protection Against National Emergency : International Public Goods and Insurance"Defense and Peace Economics. 117-137

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toshihiro Ihori: "An Economic Analysis of Public Transfers"The Japanese Economic Review. 44-60

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toshihiro Ihori: "An Economic Analysis of Public Transfers"The Annual Meeting of the Japanese Economics. (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toshiro Ihori: "Public Finance in An Over lapping Generations Economy"Macmillan Press Ltd.. (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirofumi Shibata: "Doubtful Merits of Equal-Rate Pigovian Taxes and Tradable Permits in Controlling Global Pollution"The Economics of pollution Control intheAsia Pacific, Edward Elgar, Cheltenhan, U. K. and Brookfield, U.S.,. 296-319 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirofumi Shibata & Arvind Panagariya: "Defense and Welfare under Rivalry"The International Economic Review. (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toshihiro Ihori: "Environmental Externalities, Abatement Behavior and Consumption Taxes"Discussion Paper, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo. 1-24 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toshihiro Ihori: "Protection Against National Emergency: International Public Goods and Insurance"Defense and Peace Economics,. Vol.1,. 117-137 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toshihiro Ihori: "An Economic Analys of Public Transfers"The Japanese Econmics,. Vol.50,No.1,. 44-60 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toshihiro Ihori: "An Economic Analysis of Public Transfers"The Annual Meeting of the Japan Economics Association at Ritsumeikan University. (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] H.Shibata: "Doubtful Merits of Equal Rate Pigovian Taxes and Tradable Permits" The Economics of Pollution Control in the Asia Pacific.Edger Elgar.

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] H.Shibata: "Defense and Welfare under Rivalry" International Economic Review. (1999)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] H.Shibata and A.Shibata: "The Budget Minimizing Bureaucrat:The Japanese Case of the Invisible Hand" Macroeconomic Dimensions of Public Finance,Routledge. 40-73 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Ihori: "On the Optimal Rate of Public Spending" Public Finance/Finances Publique. (1999)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Ihori: "Protection against National Emergence:International Public Goods and Insurance" Public Finance/Finances Publique. (1999)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] A.Shibata: "Marginal Propensity to Consume and Tax Evaded Income" Public Finance/Finances Publique. (1996)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柴田 弘文・柴田愛子: "財政赤字と省益最大化-税収予測からの検証-" 現代経済学の潮流. (1999)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柴田 弘文: "現代環境税論の二つの誤謬" 現代経済学の潮流. (1996)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 阿部顕三(浅子和美・篠原総一): "社会的共通資本と貿易" NIRA研究報告書、環境と経済に関する研究. 59-71 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ueta,K.and Matsuno,Y.: "A Socio-Economic Evaluation of the SOx-Charge in Japan" Designing,introducing and implementing market-based instruments in environmental management:institutional dimensions,Edward Elgar.

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柴田弘文: "環境経済学" 東洋経済新報社, 350 (1999)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] H.Shibata and T.Ihori(ed.): "The Welfare State,Public Investment and Growth" Springer-Verlag, 300 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 植田和弘: "岩波書店" 環境経済学,

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 植田和弘: "丸善ライブラリー" 環境経済学への招待,

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirofumi Shibata: "The Budget-Minimizing Bureaucrat" 1998 Public Choice Society Meetings. 8月22日号. (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柴田 弘文: "省益追及でも公益増大を" 日本経済新聞. (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirofumi Shibata: "The Budget-Minimizing Bureaucrat:the Japanese Case of the Invisible Hand" Macroeconomic Dimensions of Public Finance,Essays in Honor of Vito Tanzi. (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柴田 弘文: "現代環境税論の二つの誤謬" 現代経済学の潮流1996. (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirofumi Shibata: "Doubtful Merits of Equal-rate Pigovian taxes and Tradable Permits in Controlling Global Pollution" The Economics of Pollution Control in Asia Pacific. (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柴田 弘文・柴田 愛子: "予算過程の「見えざる手」" 公共選択の研究. 27号. (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柴田 弘文: "日本経済事典" 日本経済新聞社, (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Toshihiro Ihori: "Public Finance in an Overlaying Generations" Macmillan Press Ltd.U.K., (1996)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柴田 弘文: "現代環境税論の二つの誤謬" 現代経済学の潮流1996. (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柴田 弘文・柴田 愛子: "非対称情報下の経済理論を独自のアイデアで明示" 経済セミナー1997年1月号. (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 八田 達夫: "環境基準違反をどうしたら減らせるか" (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 八田 達夫: "公共投資の最適基準" (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 八田 達夫: "The Environmental Tax in China" (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 井堀 利宏: "Environmental Externalities,Growthand Consumption Taxes" 日本財政学会発表論文. (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 井堀 利宏: "International Environmental Externalities and Conflict among Countries" (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 井堀 利宏: "Environmental Externalities Growth and Consumption Taxes" New York University 研究会発表論文. (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 井堀 利宏: "Dynamic Provision of Public Goods as Environmental Externalities" Discussion Paper Series (University of Tokyo). (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 井堀 利宏: "A Theoretical Analysis of Protection again Emergency : International Public Good and Issues" (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Arvind Panagariya: "Preferential Trading Areas and Multilateralism : Strangers,Friends or Foes?" (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Arvind Panagariya: "The Meade Model of Preferential Trading : History,Analytics and Policy Implications" (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柴田 弘文・柴田 愛子: "予算過程の「見えざる手」" 公共選択の研究 第27号 Public Choice Studies編集委員会. 1996

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柴田 弘文: "外部性の経済学:理論と規制の手段 日経:日本経済事典第17章" 日本経済新聞社, (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 柴田 弘文: "環境経済学" 東京経済新報社, (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirofumi Shibata: "The Economics of Pollutions Control is the Asian Pacific" London : Edward Elger Publishng Ltd., (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirofumi Shibata: "Macroeconomic Dimensions of Public Finance" London : Routledge, (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Toshihiro Ihori: "Public Finance in an Overlaying Generation Economy" Macmillan Press Ltd.U.K., (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1996-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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