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Phase Transitions and Melting of Minerals at Ultrahigh Pressures and Chemical Evolution of the Mantle

Research Project

Project/Area Number 08404034
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Petrology/Mineralogy/Science of ore deposit
Research InstitutionGakushuin University

Principal Investigator

AKAOGI Masaki  Gakushuin University, Department of Chemistry, Proffesor, 理学部, 教授 (30126560)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) NAGASAWA Hiroshi  Gakushuin Unversity, Department of Chemistry, Professor, 理学部, 教授 (80080464)
SUZUKI Toshihiro  Gakushuin Unversity, Department of Chemistry, Research Associate, 理学部, 助手 (40235974)
Project Period (FY) 1996 – 1998
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1998)
Budget Amount *help
¥38,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥38,300,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥3,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥5,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥29,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥29,900,000)
Keywordshigh pressure experiment / calorimetry / mantle / garnet / perovskite / silicate melt / element partitioning / 熱測定 / スピネル / ガ-ネット
Research Abstract

Phase equilibria of mantle minerals and partitioning between silicate melt and the minerals were clarified by means of high pressure experiments and calorimetry in order to shed light to constitution and chemical evolution of the mantle. The importnat results obtained in this project are described below.
1. Dissciation boundaries of spinel in the system Mg_2SiO_4-Fe_2SiO_4 were determined, and calorimetric measurements of perovskites in the system MgSiO_3-FeSiO_3 were performed. The post-spinel transition boundaries calculated using the above data indicate that the spinel dissociation boundary to perovskite and magnesiowustite has a slope of-3*1MPa/K and that Mg-rich spinel first dissociates into magensioswustite and stishovite at relatively low temperatures.
2. Mg_3Al_2Si_3O_<12>, garnet dissociates at 27 GPa into perovskite and corundum, which combine into a single phase perovskite at 37 GPa. In the system Mg_4Si_4O_<12>-Mg_3Al_2Si_3O_<12> garnet solid solution transforms to perovskite … More via the two-phase field. These results indicate that host phase of Al in the lower mantle is perovskite. The garnet-perovskite transition boundary has a slope of 2* 1MPa/K, which enhances mantle convection. Fe_3Al_2Si_3O_<12> garnet dissociates into component oxides at 21 GPa.
3. A new Mg-rich hexagonal phase was found in the system CaAl_2O_4-MgAl_2O_4, and the structure was determined. It is concluded that unknown Al-rich phases observed in previous studies on high pressure experiments of natural garnet and MORB have the same structure as the newly found hexagonal phase.
4. Complete solid solutions of perovskite are stable in the system CaTiO_3-CaSiO_3 at above 15 GPa. The perovskites with less than 66 mol% CaSiO_3 were successfully recovered to ambient conditions. Based on calorimetric measurements of the recovered perovskites, enthalpy of CaSiO3perovskite was estimated and used to determine the dissociation boundary of CaMgSi_2O_6 pyroxene.
5. In the element partitioning experiments between silicate melt and minerals, chemical equilibrium in respect to all the elements was achieved in the experiments longer than 1 hour. The partition coefficients (D) between melt and olivine or magnesiowustite showed a maximum at around 65 pm of ionic radius. The D values between melt and garnet showed almost similar values in the range of 40-90 pm, above which they suddenly descreased. The D values between melt and CaSiO_3 perovskite showed two maxima at about 50 and 100 pm, and a minimum was present between them. Less

Report

(4 results)
  • 1998 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1997 Annual Research Report
  • 1996 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (32 results)

All Other

All Publications (32 results)

  • [Publications] Suzuki, T.: "Pressure dependence of Ni, Co and Mn partitioning between iron hydride and olivine, magnesiowustite and pyroxene" Phys. Earth Planet. Inter.96. 209-220 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kubo, A.: "High pressure phase equilibria in the system CaTiO_3 : stability of perovskite solid solutions" Phys. Chem. Minerals. 24. 488-494 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akaogi, M.: "High pressure dissociation of Fe_3Al_2Si_3O_<12> garnet : phase boundary determined by phase equilibrium experiments and calorimetry" Phys. Earth Planet.Inter.106. 103-113 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akaogi, M.: "Postspinel transformations in the system Mg_2SiO_4-Fe_2SiO_4 : element partitioning, calorimetry, and thermodynamic calculation" High Pressure-Temperature Research: Properties of Earth and Planetary Materials. 373-384 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Suzuki, T.: "Element partitioning between some mentle minerals and the coexisting silicate melt under high pressure," High Pressure-Temperature Research: Properties of Earth and Planetary Materials. 261-270 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akaogi, M.: "Calorimetric study on majorite-perovskite transition in the system Mg_4Si_4O_<12>Mg_3Al_2Si_3O_<12> : transition boundaries with positive pressure-temperature slopes" Phys. Earth Planet. Interiors. in press. (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 鳥海、 赤荻、 他: "地球惑星物質科学" 岩波書店, 292 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Suzuki, T., M.Akaogi, and T.Yagi: "Pressure dependence of Ni, Co and Mn partitioning between iron hydride and olivine, magnesiowustite and pyroxene." Phys.Earth Planet.Interiors. 96. 209-220 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kubo.A., T.Suzuki, and M.Akaogi: "High pressure phase equilibria in the system CaTiO_3-CaSiO_3 : stability of perovskite solid solutions" Phys.Chem.Minerals. 24. 488-494 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akaogi, M., N.Ohmura, and T.Suzuki: "High pressure dissociation of Fe_3Al_2Si_3O_<12> garnet : phase boundary determined by phase equilibrium experiments and calorimetry." Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.106. 103-113 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akaogi, M., H.Kojitani, K.Matsuzaka, T.Suzuki, and E.Ito: "Postspinel transformations in the system Mg_2SiO_4-Fe_2SiO_4 : element partitioning, calorimetry, and thermodynamic calculation" High Pressure-Temperature Research : Properties of Earth and Planetary Materials, Am.Geophys.Union. 373-384 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Suzuki, T.and M.Akaogi: "Element partitioning between some mantle minerals and the coexisting silicate melt under high pressure." High Pressure-Temperature Research : Properties of Earth and Planetary Materials, Am.Geophys.Union. 261-270 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akaogi, M.and E.Ito: "Calorimetric study on majorite-perovskite transition in the system Mg_4Si_4O_<12>-Mg_3Al_2Si_3O_<12> : transition bo-undaries with positive pressure-temperature slopes." Phys.Earth Planet.Interiors. (in press). (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toriumi, M., Kawamura, K., Ohno, I., Akaogi, M., Kawasaki, T., and Shimizu, H.: Earth and Planetary Materials Science. Iwanami, 292 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1998 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akaogi,M.: "High pressure dissociation of Fe_3Al_2Si_3O_<12> garnet:phase boundary determined by phase equilibrium experiments and calorimetry" Phys.Earth Planet.Inter. 106. 103-113 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akaogi,M.: "Postspinel transformations in the system Mg_2SiO_4-Fe_2SiO_4:element partitioning,calorimetry,and thermodynamic calculation" High Pressure-Temperature Research:Properties of Earth and Planetary Materials. 373-384 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Suzuki,T.: "Element partitioning between some mantle minerals and the coexisting silicate melt under high pressure," High Pressure-Temperature Research:Properties of Earth and Planetary Materials. 261-270 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ito,E.: "High Pressure transformations of pyrope(Mg_3Al_2Si_3O_<12>)in a sintered diamond cubic anvil assembly" Geophys.Res.Lett.25. 821-824 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Suzuki,T.: "Element partitioning between high pressure minerals and the coexisting silicate melt" Rev.High Pressure Sci.Technol.7. 98-100 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akaogi,M.: "Calorimetric study on majorite-perovskite transition in the system Mg_4Si_4O_<12>-Mg_3Al_2Si_3O_<12>:transition boundaries with positive pressure-temperature slopes" Phys.Earth Planet.Interiors. (in press). (1999)

    • Related Report
      1998 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kubo,A.: "High pressure phase equilibria in the system CaTiO_3-CaSiO_3:stability of perovskite solid solutions." Phys.Chem.Minerals. 24. 488-494 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kojitani,H.: "Melting enthalpies of mantle peridotite:calorimetric determinations in the system CaO-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 and application to magma generation" Earth Planet.Sci.Lett.153. 209-222 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 赤荻正樹: "高温高圧下におけるマントル鉱物の相転移とその熱力学的性質" 鉱物学雑誌. 26. 15-24 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akaogi,M.: "High pressure dissociation of Fe_3Al_2Si_3O_<12> garnet:phase boundary determined by phase equilibrium experiments and calorimetry" Phys.Earth Planet.Inter.(in press). (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akaogi,M.: "Postspinel transformations in the system Mg_2SiO_4-Fe_2SiO_4:element partitioning,calorimetry,and thermodynamic calculation" High Pressure-Temperature Research:Properties of Earth and Planetary Materials. (in press). (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Suzuki,T.: "Element partitioning between some mantle minerals and the coexisting silicate melt under high pressure" High Pressure-Temperature Research:Properties of Earth and Planetary Materials. (in press). (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Ishizaka,N.: "Thermodynamic properties of K_2Si_4O_9 and Na_2Si_4O_9 glasses quenched from melts at high pressures and high temperatures" Mineral. J.18. 139-146 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Suzuki,T.: "Pressure dependence of Ni,Co and Mn partitioning between iron hydride and olivino,magnesiowustite and pyrozene" Phys. Earth Planet. Inter.96. 209-220 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akaogi,M.: "Postspinel transformations in the system Mg_2SiO_4-Fe_2SiO_4: element partitioning, calormetry, and thermodynamic calculation" High Pressure-Temperature Research: Properties of Earth and Planetary Materials. (in press). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Suzuki,T.: "Element partitioning between some mantle minerals and the coexisting silicate melt under hith pressure" High Pressure-Temperature Research: Properities of Earth and Planetary Materials. (in press). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kubo,A.: "High pressure phase equilibria in the system CaTiO_3-CaSiO_3: stability of perovskite solid solutions" Phys. Chem. Minerals. (in press). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 鳥海、赤荻、他: "地球惑星物質科学" 岩波書店, 292 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1996-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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