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細胞内物質輸送を担う新しい分子モーター群KIFsの分子細胞生物学的研究

Research Project

Project/Area Number 08407001
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field General anatomy (including Histology/Embryology)
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

廣川 信隆  東京大学, 大学院・医学系研究科, 教授 (20010085)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 吉川 雅英  東京大学, 大学院・医学系研究科, 助手 (80272425)
原田 彰宏  東京大学, 大学院・医学系研究科, 講師 (40251441)
佐藤 玲子  東京大学, 大学院・医学系研究科, 講師 (40230718)
金井 克光  東京大学, 大学院・医学系研究科, 助教授 (80214427)
中田 隆夫  東京大学, 大学院・医学系研究科, 助教授 (50218004)
岡田 康志  東京大学, 医学部, 助手 (50272430)
竹田 扇  東京大学, 医学部, 助手 (20272429)
Project Period (FY) 1996 – 1997
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1997)
Budget Amount *help
¥34,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥34,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥7,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥26,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥26,700,000)
Keywordsキネシンスーパーファミリー蛋白KIFs / 細胞内物質輸送 / 微小管 / ジーンターゲティング / KIF1A / KIFC2 / 脳ダイニン / 物理輸送 / キネシンスーパーファミリー / KIFs / 細胞
Research Abstract

1)微小管をレールとし、物質輸送を行うと予想される新しいキネシンスーパーファミリー遺伝子を17種類(KIF1C,KIF3C,KIF5C,KIF6,KIF7,KIF8,KIF9,KIF10,KIF11,KIF12,KIF13A,KIA14,KIF15,KIA16A,KIF16B,KIF17)発見した。この中には神経系特異、ある組織特異(たとえば腎臓の上皮細胞)と、すべての組織に発現する型があった。現在その一時構造の決定と分子細胞生物学的解析を行っている。
C末端モーター領域型KIFC2の解析を行った。KIFC2は792アミノ酸からなるC末モーター領域型のホモダイマーで、その発現は神経系特異で、特に中枢神経系に主に発現され、樹状突起に、多胞体様の新しい膜小器官を送るモーター分子であることが明らかとなった。
N末端モーター領域型、順行性、モノマー型モーター分子KIF1Aのgene targetingを行った。KIF1A遺伝子欠失マウスは生後24時間以内に死亡し、知覚障害と運動障害を示した。中枢神経系でシナプスの密度とシナプス終末内の小胞の密度が60%にまで激減し細胞体に小胞の異常な集積がみとめられた。扁桃体や海馬に神経細胞死をみとめ、培養海馬神経細胞は、培養8日後程から死滅することが分かりKIFIAがシナプス小胞の前駆体を運び、神経機能および神経細胞の生存維持に重要な働きをしていることが示された。
4)微小管をレールにする逆行性輸送のモーター分子の候補である脳ダイニンのgene targetingを行った。脳ダイニン欠失マウスは、胎生期に死亡するので、その胚幹細胞を培養して解析した。脳ダイニン欠失によりER(小胞体)からゴルジ装置へ輸送が障害され、又ライソゾームの細胞中心部への輸送も障害され、これらの輸送に脳ダイニンが重要であることが判明した。

Report

(2 results)
  • 1997 Annual Research Report
  • 1996 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (23 results)

All Other

All Publications (23 results)

  • [Publications] Saito,N., et al.: "KIFC2 is a novel neuron-specific C-terminal type kinesin superfamily motor for dendritic transport of multivesicular body-like organelles." Neuron. 18. 425-438 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Takei,Y., et al.: "Delayed development of nervous system in mice homozygous for disrupted microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) gene." Journal of Cell Biology. 137. 1615-1626 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nakagawa,T.et al.: "Identification and classification of sixteen new kinesin superfamily (KIF) proteins in mouse genome." Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the USA. 94. 9654-9659 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirokawa,N.et al.: "Slow axonal transport : the subunit transport model." Trends in Cell Biology. 7. 384-388 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirokawa,N.: "The mechanisms of fast and slow transport in neurons : identification and characterization of the new kinesin superfamily motors." Current Opinion in Neurobiology. 7. 605-614 (1997)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nagata,K.et al.: "The MAP kinase kinase kinase MLK2 co-localizes with activated JNK along microtubules and associates with kinesin superfamily motor KIF3." The EMBO Journal. 17. 149-158 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirokawa,N.: "Kinesin and dynein superfamily proteins and the mechanism of organelle transport." Science. 279. 519-526 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Nakata,T.et al.: "Visualization of the dynamics of synaptic vesicle and plasma membrane proteins in living axons." Journal of Cell Biology. 140. 659-674 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirokawa,N.et al.: "Kinesin and dynein superfamily proteins in organelle transport and cell division." Current Opinion in Cell Biology. 10. 60-73 (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Harada,A.et al.: "Golgi vesiculation and lysosome dispersion in cells lacking cytoplasmic dynein." Journal of Cell Biology. (in press). (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tanaka,Y.et al.: "Targeted disruption of mouse conventional kinesin heavy chain,KIF5B,results in mesoderm degeneration and abnormal perinuclear clustering of mitochondria." Cell. (in press). (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yonekawa,Y.et al.: "Targeted disruption of the axonal motor protein KIF1A results in impairment of synaptic vesicle precursor transport,motor and sensory neuronal disturbances and neuronal cell death." Journal of Cell Biology. (in press). (1998)

    • Related Report
      1997 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Takemura,R.,et al.: "mRNA expression of KIF1A,KIF1B,KIF2,KIF3A,KIF3B,KIF4,KIF5 and cytoplasmic dynein during axonal regeneration." Journal of Neuroscience. 16. 31-35 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirokawa,N.et al.: "Selective stabilization of tau in axons and MAP2C in cell bodies and dendrites contributes to polarized localization of cytoskeletal proteins in mature neurons." Journal of Cell Biology. 132. 667-679 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirokawa,N.: "Organelle transport along microtubules-the role of KIFs(Kinesin superfamily proteins)." Trends in Cell Biology. 6. 135-141 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Beech,P.L.et al.: "Localization of kinesin superfamily proteins to the connecting cilium of fish photoreceptors." Journal of Cell Science. 109. 889-897 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Funakoshi,T.et al.: "Active transport of photoactivated tubulin molecules in growing axons revealed by a new electron microscopic analysis." Journal of Cell Biology. 133. 1347-1353 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Terada,S.et al.: "Visualization of slow axonal transport in vivo." Science.273. 784-788 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamazaki,H.et al.: "Cloning and characterization of KAP3:a novel kinesin superfamily associated protein of KIF3A/3B." Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the USA. 93. 8443-8448 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Grayer Wolf,S.et al.: "Interpreting a medium-resolution model of tubulin:comparison of Zinc-sheet and microtubule structure." Journal of Molecular Biology. 262. 485-501 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sato-Harada,R.et al.: "Microtubule-associated proteins regulate microtubule function as the track for intracellular membrane organelle transports." Cell Structure and Function. 21. 283-295 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hirokawa,N.: "The molecular mechanisms of organelle transport along microtubules:the identification and characterization of KIFs." Cell Structure and Function. 21. 357-367 (1996)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Saito,N.et al.: "KIFC2,a novel C-terminal motor domaln type kinesin superfamily,is a neuron specific motor for the transport of multivesicular body-like organelles in dendrites." Neuron. (in press). (1997)

    • Related Report
      1996 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1996-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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