| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥1,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥1,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000)
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| Research Abstract |
The present study conducted an international comparison of driving behavior, in particular, in the fields of drivers' hazard and risk perception, interpersonal communication on roads, and time headway on motorway. Several experiments have been executed in order to establish research methods for international comparison.
Drivers' hazard and risk perception was measured by an experiment in a laboratory. Videotaped traffic situations were presented to the subjects. Their scores of hazard perception, risk rating, self evaluation in safe driving and choice of speed were compared between novice and experienced drivers. Scores of hazard perception related with ones of risk rating, which related further with choice of speed. Experienced drivers could perceive hazards more correctly than novice drivers. As to interpersonal communication on roads, we compared drivers' comprehension scores to signals on roads between in Finland, Germany, and Japan. The signals diffused in Finland were presented to Finnish, German and Japanese subjects. Japanese drivers comprehended them less correctly than ones in other countries. Japanese drivers evaluated the necessity of the formal gesture-based signals lower than ones in other countries.
A field experiment was conducted on a motorway. Drivers' driving speed and time headway were monitored. The more their driving speed increased, the more the headway distance increased, but drivers' time headway was stable. The time headway measured at several location correlated with each other. These studies brought some positive suggestions for the next stages of international comparison study of driving behavior.
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