| Project/Area Number |
08456028
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
植物保護
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| Research Institution | Tottori University |
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Principal Investigator |
OTANI Hiroshi Tottori University, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, 大学院・連合農学研究科, 教授 (50032305)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KODAMA Motoichiro Tottori University, Faculty of Agriculture Lecturer, 農学部, 講師 (00183343)
NAKAJIMA Hiromitsu Tottori University, Faculty of Agriculture Associate Professor, 農学部, 助教授 (40144646)
KOHMOTO Keisuke Tottori University, Faculty of Agriculture Professor, 農学部, 教授 (80032093)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1996 – 1997
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1997)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥7,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥2,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥4,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000)
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| Keywords | basic compatibility / host-specific toxin / host-specific toxin biosynthesis gene / plasma membrane / chloroplast / receptor / 環状ペプチド合成酵素遺伝子 / 毒素受容体 / AM毒素生合成遺伝子 |
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| Research Abstract |
Certain fungal pathogens are known to produce host-specific toxins (HSTs) as determinants of basic compatibility in plant infection. There are now about twenty pathogens that produce HST.We found that Alternaria brassicicola, cucumber pathotype and tomoto pathotype of Corynespora cassiicola, and Stemphylium vesicarium produce new HSTs named AB-, CCC-, CCT-and SV-toxins, respectively. Unlike other HSTs which are low-molecular-weight secondary metabolites, AB-toxin was a protein and estimated to be 35 kDa.
A.brassicicola released AB-toxin from the germinating spores only on host leaves, indicating that AB-toxin production by the pathogen is induced by host-related factors. There are seven pathotypes in A.alternata pathogens. HST (AL-toxin) deficient mutants from tomato to pathotype using REMI method. On the other hand, PCR products were obtained from apple pathotypes, using primers designed from cyclic peptide synthase genes. Detailed molecular analysis of these mutants and PCR products a
… More
re now in progress. Electrophoreic karyotyping of A.alternata pathotypes were determined by PFGE.In all pathotypes, a chromosomal band with small size of <1.6 Mb was detected commonly. Southern analysis using PCR products from apple pathotype showed that AM-toxin synthesis gene exists in the small chromosome.
HSTs (AK-toxin and AM-toxin) produced by Japanese pear and apple pathotypes of A.alternata have primary effects on plasma membranes (PMs) and chloroplasts (Cs) of susceptible cultivars, respectively. Therefore, PMs and Cs were isolated from respective hosts, and interaction between HSTs and proteins in PMs or Cs was analyzed by using a biosensor. Results suggest that AK- and AM-toxin-binding proteins (receptors) exist in PMs and Cs of susceptible cultivars, respectively. Total proteins of apple leaves were analyzed by 2-D gel electrophoresis. A spot of 60 kDa protein with pI of 5.5 was detected only in susceptible cultivars. Isolation and characterization of these proteins is in progress. Less
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