| Project/Area Number |
08459017
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
広領域
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| Research Institution | TOTTORI UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
MINAMI Saburo TOTTORI UNIVERSITY,AGRICULTURE,PROFESSOR, 農学部, 教授 (70032307)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
TANAKA Yoshinori TOTTORI UNIVERSITY,MEDICINE,PROFESSOR, 医学部, 教授 (70029809)
SASHIWA Hitoshi TOTTORI UNIVERSITY,ENGINEERING,ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, 工学部, 助教授 (20205884)
SAIMOTO Hiroyuki TOTTORI UNIVERSITY,ENGINEERING,ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, 工学部, 助教授 (20186977)
SHIGEMASA Yoshihiro TOTTORI UNIVERSITY,ENGINEERING,PROFESSOR, 工学部, 教授 (00032029)
OKAMOTO Yoshiharu TOTTORI UNIVERSITY,AGRICULTURE,ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, 農学部, 助教授 (50194410)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1996 – 1998
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1998)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥8,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1998: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1997: ¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1996: ¥5,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,700,000)
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| Keywords | AMINO SUGAR / CHITIN / CHITOSAN / BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE / COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION / POLYMORPHONUCLEAR CELLS / CHEMILUMINESCENCE / GRANULATING TISSUE FORMATION |
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| Research Abstract |
1) Development of medical products from chitin Water soluble chitins were developed. Chitin is a highly biocompatible material, but is not water-solubile, and it is soluble only in formic acid. The water-soluble chitins were produced by chemical modification of chitin such as carboxymetylation, sulfation, and phosphorylation of chitin(Shigemasa, Saimoto and Sashiwa).
2) Veterinary clinical application of the water-soluble chitins These chitins were tested for a blocker of murine experimental pneumonia induced by chitosan. After intraperitoneal administration of chitosan to mice, these chitins were administered intravenously. Various degree of blocking effects by these chitins was observed, however, the phosphorylation one was most effective (Minami, Okamoto). After depolymerization of the phosphorylation chitin, the blocking effect of it was decreasing.
3) A mechanism of pneumonia blocking effect of the water-soluble chum We already investigated that chitosan was a chemotactic agent, and a stimulator of chemiluminescence of polymorphonuclear cells. Further more, this effect was brought by activation of complement system via the alternative pathway, and produced C5a was a trigger substance for the excitement of polymorphonuclear cells (Minami, Okamoto). To prevent the pneumonia by chitosan, it will need to block complement activation or migration of inflammatory cells by the soluble-chitin. We investigated the complement blocking effect of the soluble-chitins by single radial immunodiffusion for C3 activation, however, all chitins did not block the C3 activation. We speculate that these soluble-chitins will prevent the migration of inflammatory cells in mice.
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